Uma uphefumula, ikakhulukazi uma uphefumula, ingabe uzwa umsindo ophansi, oshayayo uphuma esifubeni sakho? Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba yinto eyesabekayo uma uzwa lo msindo kanye nokukhwehlela kwakho? Abantu abaningi baye babhekana nalokhu. Ngokwezokwelapha, sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuphefumula'. Empeleni lo msindo uvela lapho izindlela zomoya ezincane emaphashini ethu ziba zincane ngesizathu esithile, okubangela ukuba umoya udlule kuzo . Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi yini ebangela lokhu, ukuthi udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha .
Udokotela uthola kanjani imbangela yokuphefumula kanzima?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza uma unomsindo wesifuba onjengalona ukubona udokotela. Ngoba lokhu kuyimpawu nje, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imbangela. Nazi ezinye zezinto udokotela azokwenza uma ekubona.
1. Ukukubuza imibuzo:
Okokuqala, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Cabanga ngokubuza imibuzo efana nale:
- "Lo msindo uqale nini?"
- "Ingabe uzizwa ukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, noma ukuqina esifubeni sakho kanye nalokhu?"
- "Lokhu kukhula nini? Uma ubhekene nothuli? Uma kubanda? Uma uzivocavoca ?"
- "Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho one -asthma ?"
- "Ingabe lokhu kwenzeka ngemva kokudla ukudla okuthile? Noma kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo sonyaka (isibonelo, lapho izimbali ziqhakaza)?"
Le mibuzo inganikeza udokotela wakho umbono omuhle wokuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba , i-asthma , noma enye inkinga.
2. Ukuhlolwa komzimba:
Okulandelayo, udokotela uzobeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho bese elalela ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukuthi umsindo uvela kuphi emaphashini akho nokuthi unzima kangakanani.
3. Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile:
Kuye ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo eziningana.
- I-Spirometry: Lokhu kuhilela ukuphefumulela ngaphakathi nangaphandle komshini omncane. Kungalinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani nokuthi imigudu yakho yokuphefumula imincane kangakanani.
- I-X-ray yesifuba : Lokhu kusiza ukubona ukuthi kukhona yini enye inkinga, njengokutheleleka emaphashini.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe izifo noma ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokungezwani Nomzimba: Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sokungezwani komzimba, ungathola ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe.
Khumbula, kungaba yingozi ukuphuza imithi ngokwakho ngaphandle kokuxilonga kahle imbangela yokuphefumula kwakho. Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ukuphefumula kanzima?
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yokuphefumula kwakho. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela kuqala. Nasi iseluleko sezindlela zokwelapha ezinye zezimbangela ezivamile.
Uma uphefumula ngenxa ye-asthma
I-asthma yisimo lapho imigudu yomoya emaphashini ivuvukala, isheshe ithinteke, futhi inciphe kalula. Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana nale yokwelapha lesi simo.
| Uhlobo lokwelashwa | Kwenzekani kuyo? | Izibonelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-inhaler asebenza ngokushesha | Uma ukhwehlela noma uvaleke isifuba, kwandisa indlela yakho yokuphefumula futhi kunikeze impumuzo esheshayo. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi i-'Reliever' inhaler. | I-Albuterol (i-Ventolin), i-Levalbuterol (i-Xopenex) |
| Iziphefumeli Zokulawula | Lokhu kusetshenziswa nsuku zonke ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emigwaqweni yomoya nokulawula i-asthma. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-Preventer'. | I-Beclomethasone (Qvar), i-Budesonide (i-Pulmicort), i-Fluticasone (i-Flovent) |
| Ama-Inhalers Ahlanganisiwe | Lokhu kuhlanganisa kokubili umuthi wokulawula kanye nomuthi osebenza isikhathi eside owandisa imigudu yokuphefumula. | I-Budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort), i-Fluticasone/salmeterol (Advair) |
| Amaphilisi Okulawula | Ngaphezu kwe-inhaler, udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome amaphilisi anciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yomoya. | I-Montelukast (Singulair), i-Zafirlukast (i-Accolate) |
| Imithi yokungezwani komzimba (ama-antihistamine) | Uma i-asthma yakho ibangelwa ukungezwani komzimba, unganikezwa amaphilisi okulawula ukungezwani komzimba noma izifutho zamakhala. | Amaphilisi: I-Cetirizine (i-Zyrtec), i-Loratadine (i-Claritin) Izifutho: I-Fluticasone (Flonase), i-Mometasone (Nasonex) |
Uma ukuphefumula kubangelwa ukutheleleka okufana ne-bronchitis
Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho umkhuhlane uba mubi kakhulu, kungavela ukutheleleka kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini (i-Acute Bronchitis). Ukuphefumula nakho kungaba khona. Lokhu kuvame ukuphela ngokwako lapho ukutheleleka kuphelile.
- Uma kunzima ukuphefumula: Udokotela wakho angakunika i-inhaler esebenza ngokushesha (isib. i-Albuterol) isikhathi esifushane ukuze akusize uthole impumuzo.
- Ama-antibiotic: Ama-antibiotic awavamile ukunikezwa ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ama-antibiotic anikezwa kuphela uma unesinye isimo samaphaphu noma uma udokotela esola ukuthi lokhu kungukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo?
Izinto ezinjengobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, ubunzima bokukhuluma, noma izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma izinzipho ziyizimo eziphuthumayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) . Lapho, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokunikeza ukwelashwa okulandelayo ukuze likunike impumuzo esheshayo.
| Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Umjovo we-epinephrine | Ukuvula ngokushesha imigudu yomoya exinene kakhulu. |
| Ukunikeza umoya-mpilo | Ukugcina amazinga omoya-mpilo adingwa ngumzimba. |
| Imijovo ye-Corticosteroid | Ukunciphisa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala okukhulu emigwaqweni yomoya. (isib. i-Methylprednisolone) |
| Ukwelashwa nge-nebulizer | Ukufutha uketshezi oluyimithi bese uluphefumula kakhulu kunikeza impumuzo esheshayo. |
| Ukuxhuma emshinini wokuphefumula (iMechanical Ventilator) | Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, uma isiguli singakwazi ukuphefumula sodwa, ukuphefumula kunikezwa ngosizo lomshini. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuphefumula kanzima kuyisibonakaliso, hhayi isifo. Kubalulekile ukuthola imbangela eyisisekelo.
- I-asthma kanye nokungezwani komzimba kuyizimbangela ezimbili ezivame kakhulu zokuphefumula kanzima.
- Uma uphefumula kanzima, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa.
- Isimo lapho ukuphefumula kuba nzima kakhulu futhi izwi liba likhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ukukhuluma kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa i-inhaler yomunye umuntu noma ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Ukwelashwa okutholayo kuzohambisana nesimo sakho.
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