I-dengue kanye ne-chikungunya akuzona ezintsha kubantu bakithi, akunjalo? Siyazazi kahle lezi zifo ezithwalwa omiyane, futhi siyazesaba kakhulu. Kodwa uke wezwa ngomunye umkhuhlane wegciwane odluliselwa nayizinambuzane, kodwa ongaziwa kangako ezweni lakithi? Ubizwa ngokuthi i-Mayaro fever. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba uye emazweni anjengeNingizimu Melika kanye neMelika Ephakathi.
Iyini ngempela iMayaro Virus?
Kalula nje, iMayaro iyigciwane elithwalwa omiyane. Sibiza lezi zinhlobo zamagciwane ngokuthi ``(arbovirus)``. Litholakala kakhulu emahlathini emvula aseNingizimu Melika, eMelika Ephakathi, naseCaribbean. Leli gciwane livame ukutholakala phakathi kwezinkawu nomiyane. Abantu abaya ehlathini batheleleka ngaleli gciwane uma belunywa umiyane otheleleke ngaleli gciwane.
Iqanjwe ngokuthi iMayaro ngokwendawo yaseMayaro eTrinidad lapho yaqala ukutholakala khona. Njengamanje, amacala amaningi abikiwe avela eBrazil. Ngaphandle kwalokho, lesi sifo singabonakala nakwamanye amazwe afana neBolivia, iPeru, neVenezuela.
Cabanga nje, uhlobo oluyinhloko lomiyane oludlulisela leli gciwane umiyane i-`(Haemagogus)`. Kodwa inkinga iwukuthi, omiyane i-`(Aedes aegypti)` kanye ne-`(Aedes albopictus)` abadlulisela udenga ezweni lakithi nabo bangadlulisela leli gciwane. Lokho kusho ukuthi, uma umuntu obuyile ezweni elinegciwane i-Mayaro elunywa umiyane we-dengue ezweni lakithi, lowo miyane ungasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye ezweni lakithi. Lena ingozi enkulu esibhekene nayo.
Kunezindaba ezinhle. Leli gciwane le-Mayaro lifana kakhulu negciwane le-chikungunya. Ngakho-ke, uma uke waba ne-chikungunya ngaphambili, ama-antibodies emzimbeni wakho angakunikeza isivikelo esithile egciwaneni le-Mayaro.
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo iMayaro?
Izimpawu zeMayaro empeleni zifana kakhulu nezinye izifo ezithwalwa omiyane njenge-dengue kanye ne-chikungunya, ngakho kungaba nzima ukusho ngokushesha ukuthi yisiphi lesi sifo esiqondile.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane omkhulu ngokuzumayo | Lesi sifo siqala ngomkhuhlane omkhulu. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu bamalunga (i-arthralgia) | Lolu uphawu oluyinhloko nolunzima kakhulu lweMayaro. Amalunga amancane, ikakhulukazi lawo aseminweni, ezihlakaleni, emaqakaleni nasezinzwaneni, aba buhlungu kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi amalunga nawo angase avuvuke. |
| Ezinye izici | Izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bomzimba, ubuhlungu ngaphansi kwamehlo, ukubanda, isiyezi, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, izindlala ezivuvukele, kanye nesikhumba esilumayo nazo zingabonakala. |
Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela ezinsukwini noma emavikini ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, inkinga enkulu kakhulu ubuhlungu bamalunga . Kwabanye abantu, lobu buhlungu bamalunga bungahlala izinyanga, ngisho nonyaka. Kungenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke .
Kodwa khumbula, ngokungafani nomkhuhlane we-dengue ophuma igazi, lesi sifo asibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu njengokuvuvukala kobuchopho (i-encephalitis) noma ukopha. Futhi, akukho ukufa okubikiwe ngenxa yalesi sifo.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezibalwe ngenhla ngemuva kokuya ezweni elinegciwane iMayaro, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Izimpawu zingavela noma kuphi kusukela osukwini olulodwa kuya kwezingu-14 ngemva kokulunywa umiyane.
Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zimpawu zifana nezifo ezifana ne-dengue kanye ne-chikungunya, kungadingeka ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile komkhuhlane weMayaro okwamanje. Udokotela uzokunikeza imithi yokulawula umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba , kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga kuphela. Uma izimpawu zinzima, ungase ulaliswe esibhedlela.
Uhlala kanjani uphephile komiyane?
Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalesi sifo, into engcono kakhulu esingayenza ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singakhuli. Lokho kusho ukuzivikela ekulunyweni omiyane. Qaphela kakhulu ngalezi zinto, ikakhulukazi uma uya ezweni lapho lesi sifo sivame khona.
| Indlela ephephile | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Izingubo | Uma uphuma ngaphandle, gqoka amabhulukwe amade kanye namahembe anemikhono emide ukuze umboze umzimba wakho ngangokunokwenzeka. |
| Izinto zokuxosha omiyane | Faka umuthi wokuxosha omiyane oqukethe izithako ezifana ne-DEET, i-picaridin, noma uwoyela we-lemon eucalyptus esikhumbeni esiveziwe emzimbeni wakho. |
| Ukwelapha izingubo | Faka isibulala-zinambuzane esifana ne-permethrin engu-0.5% ezingutsheni zakho, emanetheni omiyane, nasezintweni zokukhempa. Lokhu kuzosiza ekuxosheni omiyane. |
| Ikhaya nendawo yokuhlala | Faka izikrini eminyango nasemafasiteleni. Sebenzisa inethi yomiyane uma ulele, ikakhulukazi uma igumbi lingavikelwe. Beka inethi yomiyane ngaphansi komatrasi. |
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha, ungazivikela hhayi kuMayaro kuphela, kodwa futhi nakwezinye izifo eziningi eziyingozi ezithwalwa omiyane, njenge-dengue, i-chikungunya, i-malaria, kanye ne-Zika.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Mayaro iwumkhuhlane wegciwane odluliselwa omiyane, njengo-dengue kanye ne-chikungunya.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko umkhuhlane omkhulu kanye nobuhlungu obukhulu bamalunga obungahlala izinyanga.
- Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalesi sifo. Izimpawu kuphela ezelashwayo.
- Ukuvikelwa ekulunyweni omiyane kubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma uvakashela amazwe afana neNingizimu/iMelika Ephakathi.
- Uma uba nomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bamalunga ngemva kokuvakashela indawo enjalo, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha bese umtshela ngohambo lwakho.
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