Ngaba wena okanye nabani na kusapho lwakho une-allergies? Umele ukuba uve amagama athile xa uthetha nogqirha okanye ukhangela kwi-intanethi, akunjalo? I-Allergen, i-Histamine, i-Anaphylaxis, i-corticosteroid ... Xa usiva amagama anje, ungaziva usoyika kwaye udidekile. 'Kuthetha ukuthini oku?' Usenokuba ucinga. Yiyo loo nto, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngentsingiselo elula yamagama athile adla ngokuxoxwa ngawo ngokunxulumene ne-allergies. Njengokuchazela umhlobo, ngokulula kakhulu.
Masiqale kwasekuqaleni: Yintoni i-allergy?
Ngamafutshane, i-allergy iyenzeka xa inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela , isabela ngokugqithisileyo kwinto engenabungozi ngokwenene. Cinga ngenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela njengomkhosi okhusela ilizwe. Umsebenzi walo mkhosi kukulwa neentsholongwane ezimbi kunye neentsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni zize zisikhusele kwizifo.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, lo mkhosi uyaphazamiseka kancinci. Xa izinto ezingasikhathaziyo, njengothuli, ipollen, okanye ukutya okuthile, zingena emizimbeni yethu, sicinga ukuba, 'Nanku utshaba oluyingozi!' size siqale umlo omkhulu nxamnye nalo. Kungenxa yaloo mlo ungeyomfuneko apho sifumana iimpawu zokunganyamezelani.
Ngoobani abalinganiswa abaphambili ababandakanyekayo koku?
- I-Allergen: Le yinto eqhelekileyo kwibali 'lotshaba oluphazanyisiweyo'. Oko kukuthi, into ebangela ukuba umzimba wakho usabele kwi-allergen. Ezi zinokuba yi-pollen, uthuli, i-dander yezilwanyana, isikhunta, ukutya okuthile, okanye amayeza .
- Ii-antibodies: Ezi ziiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezenziwa yinkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela xa ibona i-allergen ize izama ukulwa nayo.
- Iseli yeMast: Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweseli olufumaneka kwiindawo ezifana nolusu, impumlo, kunye nemiphunga yethu. Xa ezo antibodies zifika zixelela ezi seli ukuba 'utshaba lufikile,' ezi seli ziyaqhuma zikhuphe ikhemikhali.
- I-Histamine: Le yikhemikhali ephambili ekhutshwa ziiseli zemast . Yile khemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-histamine ebangela iimpawu ezininzi ozifumanayo, ezinje ngokurhawuzelelwa, impumlo egobhozayo, amehlo abomvu, kunye nolusu olubomvu.
Ngaba ke, uyayiqonda imeko? I-allergen ingena emzimbeni -> inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iyaphazamiseka -> I-Histamine ikhutshwa kwiiseli ze-mast -> uphuhlisa iimpawu ze-allergy.
Zeziphi izifo eziphambili ezibangelwa yi-allergies?
Ii-allergies zinokubonakala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abanye abantu bazifumana empumlweni, abanye emiphungeni, kwaye abanye eluswini. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo.
| Imeko yokunganyamezelani komzimba | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Allergic Rhinitis (Umkhuhlane weengca) | Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'impumlo egobhozayo'. Ukuthimla rhoqo, ukuphuma kwamanzi empumlweni, impumlo exineneyo, amehlo arhawuzelelayo, impumlo, nomqala. Oku kubangelwa zizinto ezifana ne-tree pollen kunye ne-dust mites. |
| Isifuba | Kulapho iindlela zomoya ezithwala umoya eziya emiphungeni zidumba kwaye zinciphe. Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba, ukukhohlela xa udiniwe, kunye nesandi 'sokukhwaza' xa uphefumla. |
| I-Urticaria (iiHives) | Oku sikubiza ngokuba 'yindlu yangasese'. Amaqhuma abomvu, adumbileyo, kwaye arhawuzelela kakhulu avela ngequbuliso eluswini. La maqhuma anokuphela emva kwemizuzu okanye iiyure ezimbalwa, okanye angabuya. |
| I-Eczema (i-Atopic Dermatitis) | Le yimeko yesikhumba engapheliyo. Ulusu luba lomile, lube bomvu, luqhekeke, luze lurhawuzelele. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuvela amadyungudyungu akhupha ulwelo olufana namanzi. Oku kuqhelekile kubantu abane-allergies. |
| I-Anaphylaxis | Eli lelona nqanaba liyingozi nelinzima le-allergy. Eli libeka ubomi esichengeni. Kuba nzima ukuphefumla, umphimbo nolwimi luyadumba, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla ngequbuliso, kwaye kusenokubakho ukulahleka kwengqondo. Le yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezinjalo, isigulana kufuneka sisiwe kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo yesibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko. |
Ugqirha uyifumanisa njani into yokuba kukho i-allergy?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-allergy, ugqirha uza kuqala akubuze ngeenkcukacha ngeempawu zakho. Emva koko, banokwenza uvavanyo oluthile ukuze bafumane unobangela ochanekileyo we-allergy.
- Uvavanyo lokuhlatywa lusu: Oku kuquka ukubeka amathontsi ambalwa olwelo olwenziwe ngento ocinga ukuba une-allergy kuyo eluswini lwakho uze uyihlabe nge-crip encinci. Ukuba kwimizuzu eli-15-20, enye yeendawo iba bomvu kwaye kuvela i-welt, njengokulunywa yingcongconi, ngoko ke une-allergy kuloo nto.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi (i-RAST/ELISA): Ngamanye amaxesha kuthathwa isampuli yegazi ukujonga ukuba umzimba wakho uphuhlise ii-antibodies ezichasene ne-allergen ethile.
- Ukutya Okungavumelekanga : Oku kwenzelwa ukufumana i-allergies yokutya. Ususa ngokupheleleyo ukutya okuthile ocinga ukuba u-allergy kuko kangangeentsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa ukuze ubone ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaphucuka na. Emva koko, uphinda uzibuyisele nganye nganye ukuze ubone ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyabuya na. Oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela phantsi kwesikhokelo sikagqirha.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-allergies?
Xa unyanga i-allergy, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuhlala kude kakhulu ne -allergen kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kodwa oko akunakwenzeka rhoqo. Kulapho kufuneka khona amayeza.
Amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu
- I-Antihistamine: Ezi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zamayeza. Zisebenza ngokuthintela ukusebenza kwe-histamine ebesithethe ngayo ngaphambili. Oku kulawula iimpawu ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa kunye nempumlo evuzayo.
- Isicocisi sokufunxa: Xa impumlo ixinene, ibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi evuvukileyo empumlweni inciphe, nto leyo enciphisa ukuxinana.
- IiCorticosteroids: Ezi ziziyobisi ezinamandla kakhulu zokulwa nokuvuvukala. Oko kukuthi, zilawula ukudumba. Zifumaneka njenge-spray yempumlo, i-inhalers, ii-creams zangaphandle, kunye neepilisi.
- Iibronchodilators: Uhlobo lwe-inhaler olunikwa abantu abane-asthma. Oku kusebenza ngokwandisa iindlela zomoya ezinciphileyo, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumla.
- I-Epinephrine: Le inikwa imeko eyingozi kakhulu esithethe ngayo, i-Anaphylaxis . Olu lunyango olungxamisekileyo. Kwabanye abantu abane-allergies ezinzima, ugqirha unokuyalela i-auto-injector ukuba isetyenziselwe imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Unyango lwe-immunotherapy:Olu lunyango oluhlala ixesha elide. Lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Allergy shots'. Okwenzayo apha kukufaka umzimba wakho inani elincinci kakhulu lento onayo i-allergy, kancinci kancinci, kwixesha elithile. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, inkqubo yakho yomzimba iyaqhela kwaye iyeke ukusabela ngokugqithisileyo. Oku kunokukunceda phantse ukulawula ngokupheleleyo i-allergy yakho.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokuthintela
- Isihluzi se-HEPA: Esi simele isihluzi somoya se-Particulate esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu. Isihluzi somoya esinale filitha sisusa amasuntswana amancinci kakhulu njengothuli kunye ne-pollen emoyeni ekhayeni lakho, sicoca umoya.
- Ayibangeli ukungezwani komzimba: Ukuba une-allergies kulusu, khetha iimveliso ezinegama eli. Oku kuthetha ukuba iimveliso zenzelwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubangela i-allergies.
- Ukuhlamba Impumlo: Ukuhlamba ingaphakathi lempumlo ngamanzi anetyuwa (amanzi anetyuwa) kunokususa izinto ezibangela i-allergens ezibambeke empumlweni kwaye kunciphise ukuxinana kwempumlo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-aleji ayisosifo, kodwa yindlela engafunekiyo yokusabela kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
- Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukwazi ukuba zeziphi izinto ezibangela i-allergy onayo kwaye uhlale kude nazo kangangoko unako.
- Kukho amayeza asebenzayo kakhulu okulawula iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ungaze uthathe naliphi na iyeza olivayo ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, ukudumba komphimbo/ulwimi, okanye amaqhuqhuva, kusenokuba yi -anaphylaxis . Yimeko engxamisekileyo, ngoko ke yiya kwi -ETU yesibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
- Ungoyiki ukubona la mazwi. Ukuwaqonda kuya kukunceda uthethe nogqirha wakho ngemeko yakho kwaye wenze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo .
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