Xa usiva igama elithi Anthrax , ungacinga ngesiganeko esivela kwimuvi yaseHollywood okanye ingxelo yeendaba eyoyikisayo. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ungakhululekanga xa usiva eli gama. Nangona kunjalo, inyani kukuba yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Oko kuthethiweyo, ukuhlala unolwazi kubaluleke kakhulu. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni kanye kanye iAnthrax kunye nendlela onokuthi uzikhusele ngayo.
Yintoni kanye kanye iAnthrax?
Ngamafutshane, i-Anthrax lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -'Bacillus anthracis' . Le ntsholongwane inamandla amangalisayo: phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zendalo, inokwenza uqweqwe olukhuselayo olubizwa ngokuba yi-spores . Kule meko, ingaphila iminyaka emininzi emhlabeni, kwiinwele zezilwanyana , nakwezinye iindawo.
Cinga ngezi spores njengeebhaktheriya ezilele ubuthongo obunzulu. Nje ukuba zingene emzimbeni wethu, zifumana indawo efanelekileyo, uqweqwe lwespores luyawohloka, kwaye iibhaktheriya ziyavuka zize ziqale ukwanda. Ezi bhaktheriya emva koko zivelisa iityhefu eziyingozi ezibangela iimpawu zesifo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi kukuba i-Anthrax ayosuleli. Oku kuthetha ukuba awunakuyifumana ngokuchukumisa isigulana, ukuphatha izinto esizisebenzisileyo, okanye ukuthetha nomntu onesifo.
Ungayithatha njani loo nto?
Esi sifo sifumaneka kakhulu kwizilwanyana zasefama ezifana neenkomo, iibhokhwe, neegusha. Usulelo ebantwini aluqhelekanga, kodwa ezi ntsholongwane zingangena emzimbeni wakho ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Ngokusika kwesikhumba sakho: Ukuba umhlaba, uboya besilwanyana, okanye ulusu olunezikhuhlane ludibana nomkrwelo okanye inxeba, le yindlela eqhelekileyo eyenzeka ngayo i-Anthrax.
- Ukuphefumla: Ngokuphefumla ii-spores ezivela emoyeni. Olu lolona hlobo luyingozi kakhulu nolunzima .
- Ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya: Ukutya inyama engaphekwanga kakuhle engcolileyo yi-spores.
- Ngokusebenzisa inaliti: Nangona kunqabile kakhulu, kukho iingxelo zamatyala phakathi kwabantu abafaka iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni ezingcolisiweyo.
Kwimeko yethu, abantu abasebenza kwiifama, abo basebenza ngokusondeleyo nemfuyo, okanye abantu ababandakanyeka kumashishini afana nokushushumbisa izikhumba zezilwanyana basengozini enkulu.
Zithini iimpawu?
Iimpawu ze-anthrax zixhomekeke kwindlela ezi spores zingene ngayo emzimbeni wakho. Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lwe-Anthrax | Iimpawu eziphambili |
|---|---|
| I-Anthrax Yesikhumba (Ulusu) (Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo) |
|
| I-Anthrax yesisu |
|
| I-Anthrax yokuphefumla (Uhlobo olunzima kakhulu) |
|
| I-Anthrax yenaliti |
|
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuba unesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yi-Anthrax , bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza, nokuba awunazo iimpawu okwangoku . Okanye, tyelela isebe likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane nawe.
Umzekelo, ukuba usebenza nezilwanyana uze ngequbuliso uvelise isilonda esingaqhelekanga, esingenabuhlungu, esiphakathi kolusu lwakho, musa ukusityeshela.
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola, kwaye ukuba bayayirhanela i-Anthrax, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukujonga ii-antibodies ezichasene neebhaktheriya okanye iityhefu ezizivelisayo.
- I-biopsy yolusu: Ukuvavanya isampuli encinci yesilonda phantsi kwe-microscope.
- I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan: Ukuba kukho i-anthrax erhanelekayo.
- Uvavanyo lwesitulo: Ukuba kukho ukrokrelo lokuba kukho usulelo lwesisu.
- I-Spinal Tap: Ukujonga ukuba kukho i-meningitis na ukuba kukho iimpawu ze-neurological.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
I-anthrax inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ifunyaniswe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba. Ingozi ikukulibaziseka konyango.
Unyango oluphambili zii -antibiotics . Ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima be-antibiotics, unokufuna ukuzithatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezingama-60. Kwiimeko ezinzima, uya kulaliswa esibhedlele kwaye unikwe ii-antibiotics nge-IV drip.
Ngamanye amaxesha, kunikwa iyeza elikhethekileyo elibizwa ngokuba yi- antitoxin ukuze kuncitshiswe iityhefu eziveliswa yibhaktheriya emzimbeni wakho.
Ingaba ikhona i-vaccine?
Ewe, kukho ugonyo lwe-Anthrax. Nangona kunjalo, olu asilolwabantu ngokubanzi. Lunikwa kuphela abo basengozini enkulu , njengale:
- Abasebenzi belebhu abaphatha iintsholongwane.
- Abantu abathile abasebenza kwimizi-mveliso equka izikhumba zezilwanyana okanye uboya.
- Abasebenzi basemkhosini kwiindawo ezithile.
Kumntu oqhelekileyo, akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka ngale gonyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Anthrax lusulelo olungaqhelekanga olunokudluliselwa kwizilwanyana. Alusuleli phakathi kwabantu.
- Ingangena emzimbeni wakho ngamanxeba esikhumba, ukuphefumla, okanye ukutya okungcolileyo. Ukuphefumla lolona hlobo luyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukuba usebenza nezilwanyana kwaye ubona iimpawu ezifana ne-Anthrax (ingakumbi isilonda esimnyama esingenabuhlungu), bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba iimpawu zibe mandundu.
- Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango ngee-antibiotics kwenza ukuba imeko inyangeke kakhulu. Hlala ulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho.
I-Anthrax, i-Bacillus anthracis, usulelo lwebhaktheriya, isifo se-zoonotic, i-cutaneous anthrax, i-inhalation anthrax
