Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-ANA? Usenokuba uzive usoyika kancinci kwaye unexhala xa ethetha loo nto. Kuqhelekile ukuba imibuzo efana nokuthi "Luyintoni olu vavanyo?", "Lujonge ntoni?", "Ngaba ndiza kugula kakhulu ukuba ingxelo ilungile?" ifike engqondweni. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngendlela elula neyobuhlobo malunga nokuba luyintoni olu vavanyo lwe-ANA, kutheni lwenziwa, kunye nendlela yokutolika ingxelo yalo.
Okokuqala, masibone ukuba ithetha ukuthini le ANA.
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka siqale sazi kancinci ngenkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela . Khawuthelekelele ukuba umzimba wethu ufana nelizwe. Emva koko le nkqubo yokuzikhusela ngumkhosi okwelo lizwe. Xa iintshaba zasemzini, ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya , zingena emzimbeni, lo mkhosi uyazazi, uzihlasele, uze uzitshabalalise.
Ii-antibodies liqela elikhethekileyo lamajoni kulo mkhosi. Zifana nepowusta ethi "IYAFUNWA" yamapolisa. Umsebenzi wazo kukuchonga utshaba olungene emzimbeni luze luzinike ezinye iiseli zokhuseleko.
Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ukhuselo lwethu lwenza impazamo encinci. Endaweni yabahlaseli bamanye amazwe, baphosisa iiseli zethu eziphilileyo "njengeentshaba." Emva koko ukhuselo lwethu luqala ukuhlasela iiseli zethu. Le yindlela esizibiza ngayo ii-antibodies ezingalunganga eziveliswa ngokuchasene neeseli zethu , ii-autoantibodies .
Ii-Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) zezinye zezo ntlobo ze-autoantibody. Njengoko igama elithi ``nuclear'' lisitsho, eyona nto iphambili ekujoliswe kuyo yinxalenye "yobuchopho" yeeseli zethu, i-``nucleus'' . Ukwanda kobuninzi bale ANA egazini luphawu lokuba sinokuba nesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba , imeko apho umzimba wethu ulwa nawo ngokwawo.
Kutheni ugqirha angacebisa olu vavanyo lwe-ANA?
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezithile onazo (umzekelo, iintlungu ezingapheliyo zamalungu , amaqhuqhuva eluswini, ukudinwa kakhulu), banokuyalela uvavanyo lwe-ANA ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuthintela ukuba kunokwenzeka.
Apha ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeengxaki eziphambili zempilo ezinokuthi uvavanyo lwe-ANA luzincede ekuxilongeni.
| Imeko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isifo seLupus Erythematosus esiseSystemic (SLE) - Lupus | Yimeko enzima enokuchaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo emzimbeni, njengolusu, amalungu, izintso kunye nengqondo. |
| Isifo sikaSjögren | Ingxaki ebangela ukuba amehlo nomlomo wome. |
| I-Scleroderma | Ukuqina nokuqina kolusu luphawu oluphambili, kwaye lunokuchaphazela nezitho zangaphakathi. |
| I-Polymyositis okanye i-Dermatomyositis | Imeko ebangela ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokudumba. |
| Isifo seMixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) | Imeko edibanisa iimpawu zezifo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-lupus kunye ne-scleroderma. |
Ukongeza, uvavanyo lwe-ANA lunokuba neziphumo ezilungileyo kwezinye iimeko zomhlaza.
Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo? Ingaba lubuhlungu?
Kulula kakhulu. Kufana nje xa unika igazi. Umongikazi okanye ingcali ye-phlebotomist ithatha isampuli encinci yegazi kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Akuthathi mzuzu. Emva koko bafaka ibhandishi encinci kwindawo leyo. Yiyo leyo. Yiyo yonke into ekufuneka uyenze.
Emva koko, kwilebhu, ingcali yezifo iza kuhlola isampuli yegazi lakho isebenzisa indlela ekhethekileyo. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi -indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) . Oku kuquka ukudaya isampuli yegazi lakho nge-ANA, eyenzelwe ukuba ikhanye phantsi kwe-microscope ekhethekileyo. Ingxelo ibhalwa ngokujonga iiseli ezikhazimlayo.
Ungayiqonda njani ingxelo yovavanyo?
Uza kufumana ingxelo yovavanyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezizayo. Isenokuba neenxalenye ezintathu eziphambili. Masiziqonde nganye nganye ngokulula.
| Inxalenye ekwingxelo | Ithini loo nto? |
|---|---|
| Ingcaciso (Elungileyo / Engalunganga) | Le yeyona nto isisiseko. Nokuba i-ANA ifunyenwe egazini lakho okanye hayi. Ukuba ifunyenwe, iya kudweliswa njenge "Positive". Ngaphandle koko, iya kudweliswa njenge "Negative". |
| Ukufundwa kweTiter (ubuninzi) | Ukuba uvavanyo luthi lukhona, into elandelayo ekufuneka uyijonge kukuba zingaphi ezi antibodies ezikhoyo. Oku kuboniswa kwiireyithingi ezifana ne-1:40, 1:80, 1:160, 1:320. Okukhona umlinganiselo uphezulu, kokukhona umlinganiselo uphezulu. Okukhona umlinganiselo uphezulu, kokukhona amathuba okuba nesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba aphezulu. |
| Iphethini yeFluorescent | Ugqirha unokufumana ezinye iindlela zokubona indlela i-nucleus yeseli ekhanya ngayo phantsi kwe-microscope, oko kukuthi, "ipateni". Umzekelo, kukho iipateni ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-"Homogenous", "Speckled", "Centromere". Ezinye iipateni zihambelana nezifo ezithile. Oku kunzima kancinci, ngoko ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela. |
Ngaba kufuneka woyike ukuba uvavanyo luthi unayo i-ANA positive?
Nantsi eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-ANA lubonise ukuba lukhona akuthethi ukuba unesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba i-100% yexesha. Khumbula oku.
Enyanisweni, ngabantu aba-3 kuphela kwaba-10 abaphilileyo abangenaso isifo abaya kuba novavanyo lwe-ANA oluqinisekileyo. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo.
Kusenokuba kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba uvavanyo lwe-ANA lube ne-positive.
- Xa unentsholongwane efana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wentsholongwane.
- Ngenxa yamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo.
- I-ANA ngamanye amaxesha inokuba nethemba xa ikhula.
Ngoko ke, ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwe-ANA lubonakala lulungile, ugqirha wakho uza kulujonga njengcandelo elinye lephazili. Uza kuqwalasela iimpawu zakho, ezinye iziphumo zovavanyo, kunye nale ngxelo ye-ANA, aze emva koko afikelele kwisigqibo sokugqibela. Angacebisa nezinye iimvavanyo ezithile zegazi (umz. i-anti-dsDNA, i-anti-Sm) ukunceda ekuxilongeni imeko.
Ngoko ke, uvavanyo lwe-ANA sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu esinceda oogqirha ukuba baxilonge izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba . Kodwa musa ukoyika wedwa emva kokubona ingxelo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye amathandabuzo onawo. Uza kukuchazela yonke into aze akunike ulwalathiso olufunekayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwe-ANA luvavanyo lwegazi olulula olunceda ekufumaneni izifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba .
- Oku kubhekisa kuhlobo lwe-antibody oluveliswa ngokuchasene neeseli zomzimba wethu.
- Ukuba uvavanyo "luyaqinisekisa" akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo unesi sifo. Abantu abasempilweni nabo banokufunyaniswa benesi sifo.
- Zonke ezi ndawo zintathu zengxelo zibalulekile: isiphumo (Esihle/Esibi), ubungakanani bee-antibodies (iTiter), kunye nephethini ekhanyayo (iPattern).
- Soloko uxoxa ngengxelo yakho yovavanyo kunye nento omawuyenze nogqirha wakho . Musa ukwenza izigqibo wedwa okanye ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko.
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