Xa umntwana wakho eqala ukutya ukutya okuqinileyo, ngaba uziva usoyika kancinci ukumnika izinto ezifana neepinati namaqanda? "Owu, ngaba baya kuba ne-allergy, ngaba baya kugula, ngaba baya kuba nengxaki yokuphefumla?" Usenokuba ucinga, akunjalo? Olu loyiko yinto abanayo oomama nootata abaninzi. Enyanisweni, i-allergy yepinati yinto enokuba yingozi. Yiyo loo nto, kangangexesha elide, sonke sasicinga ukuba masilibazise ukunika abantwana iipinati. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku olu luvo kwisayensi yezonyango lutshintshe ngokupheleleyo. Masithethe ngalo namhlanje.
Imbono endala kunye nendlela entsha esicinga ngayo ngoku
Kangangamashumi eminyaka, iingcali ze-allergy kunye noogqirha babantwana bebekholelwa kwizinto ezimbini. Enye kukuba ii-peanut zifanele zinikwe iintsana emva kokuba ziseziintsana, zikholelwa ukuba umngcipheko wokuba ne-allergy uphantsi. Eyesibini kukuba ukuba umntwana ufumana i-allergy, ii-peanut zifanele ziphetshwe ngokupheleleyo ubomi bakhe bonke.
Kodwa ngoku ezi ngcinga ziyatshintsha. Namhlanje siyazi ukuba amandongomane asingomantongomane, kodwa yimbotyi . Icebiso lamva nje kukuba ukwazisa amandongomane eentsana kwangoko nje ukuba baqale ukutya okuqinileyo, okumalunga neenyanga ezi-4-6, kunokunceda ukuthintela ukungezwani komzimba.
Cinga ngayo, hayi njengokutya kokuqala okuqinileyo komntwana wakho. Ungaxuba i-oatmeal nebhotolo yamandongomane encinci.
Kodwa oku kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba umntwana wakho sele enemeko yesikhumba efana ne-eczema okanye olunye uhlobo lokunganyamezelani nokutya, loo mntwana uwela kuluhlu olunobungozi obukhulu . Ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uzise amandongomane kumntwana onjalo kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha wabantwana bakho.
Kukwafunyaniswe ukuba nabantwana kunye nabantu abadala abasele benazo i-allergy kwiindongomane banokuphelelwa luvelwano kancinci kancinci kwi-allergen ngokuyeka ukuziva. Ngamafutshane, ukuvezwa kancinci kancinci kwiindongomane phantsi kweliso likagqirha kunokuthintela ukusabela okuqatha (i-anaphylaxis) okunokwenzeka ngokuginya iindongomane ngengozi.
Zithini iziphumo zokunika amandongomane kwangethuba?
Olu tshintsho lukhulu lubangelwe ziziphumo zovavanyo olukhulu lweklinikhi olubizwa ngokuba yi-LEAP (Learning Early About Pea Nut Allergy ) , olwapapashwa ngo-2015.
Olu phononongo lubonise ukuba ukwazisa abantwana abasengozini enkulu ngeepinati (abo sele benazo i-eczema okanye ezinye ii-allergies zokutya) besebancinci kunciphisa amathuba abo okuba ne-allergies yeepinati.Yancitshiswa ngama-81%. Bangaphezu kwama-600 abantwana abaphakathi kweenyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezili-11 ubudala abasetyenzisiweyo koku. Elinye iqela lanikwa amandongomane de lafika kwiminyaka emi-5 ubudala, kwaye elinye iqela alinikwanga kwaphela.
Iziphumo bezimangalisa. I-17% yabantwana abakwiqela ababengatyi amandongomane babene-allergy yamandongomane xa beneminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, yi-3% kuphela yabantwana abakwiqela ababesitya amandongomane ababenale ngxaki. Oku kubonisa ukubaluleka kokwaziswa kwangethuba.
Umahluko phakathi kokuphepha kunye nokungaziva ukhululekile
Uvavanyo lwe-LEAP lugxile ekuthinteleni ii-allergies. Kodwa kuthekani ngabantu abasele benazo ii-allergies? Yiyo loo nto i-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) yenzelwe.
I-OIT iqeqesha kwakhona amajoni omzimba omntu osele ene-allergy yamandongomane. Oku kuquka ukuqala ngedosi encinci kakhulu yeprotheyini yamandongomane, phantsi kweliso likagqirha, kwaye kancinci kancinci idosi inyuswe kangangeenyanga okanye iminyaka. Oku kuvumela umzimba ukuba uyeke ukusabela kakubi kumandongomane kwaye ufunde ukuwanyamezela .
Le ndlela ngoku isetyenziswa kwezinye izibhedlele eSri Lanka. Ukongeza kwi-OIT, uphando luyaqhubeka nakwezinye iindlela, ezifana ne-peanut patch ehambisa iproteni yepeanut ngesikhumba kunye namaconsi angaphantsi kolwimi.
Kutheni i-allergies yamandongomane ixhaphake kangaka?
Umbuzo abazali abaninzi abanawo ngowokuba, “Besingenazo ezi zinto ngexesha lethu, kutheni ke ngoku zininzi kangaka?” Oogqirha bacinga ukuba zininzi izizathu zoku.
- Ingcamango Yococeko: Ngenxa yokuba sicocekile kakhulu kule mihla, amajoni ethu omzimba anamathuba amancinci okulwa neentsholongwane xa esemncinci. Ngoko ke kusenokwenzeka ukuba iqalisa nje "imfazwe" nento engenabungozi njengeepinati.
- Ukunqongophala kweVithamin D: Abantwana ngoku bachitha ixesha elincinci ngaphandle bedlala elangeni. Bachitha ixesha elininzi ngaphakathi besebenzisa iikhompyutha kunye neefowuni. Oku kucingelwa ukuba yimbangela yokunqongophala kweVithamin D.
- Iindlela zokuvelisa ukutya: Xa ukutya kuveliswa ngobuninzi, ungcoliseko oludityanisiweyo nokunye ukutya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane nako kunokuba yimbangela.
Asikuko kuphela oku, isenokuba yindibaniselwano yazo zonke ezi zinto.
Amava okwenyani: Indlela unyango lwe-OIT oluphumelele ngayo
Bayazi ukuba kuxinezeleka kangakanani ukuba ngumzali womntwana one-allergies enzima yeepinati. Kufuneka uqwalasele ngononophelo yonke into otya ngayo. Kufuneka ufunde ilebheli kuyo yonke into oyithengayo evenkileni. Kufuneka uhlale une -epinephrine auto-injector (inaliti yonyango olungxamisekileyo) ngamaxesha onke.
UJemma yintombazana eneminyaka eli-12 ubudala eyayinengxaki yokunganyamezelani neenkozo kunye nezinye iinkozo ezininzi. Wafumana unyango lwe-OIT. Umama wakhe uchaze amava ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
"Okokuqala, kwikliniki kagqirha, uGemma wanikwa i-milligram ye-peanut powder. Sajongwa iiyure ezimbalwa. Xa kungekho mpendulo, wabuya ekhaya. Emva koko, ndamnika uGemma umlinganiselo ofanayo we-powder yonke imihla ekhaya. Ndathenga nesikali sokulinganisa idayimani ukuze siyilinganise ngokuchanekileyo. Saqhubeka nokumnika loo dosi kangangeenyanga de ugqirha wasixelela ukuba senze njalo."
"Ngalo lonke ixesha idosi inyuswa, yayisenziwa esibhedlele. Emva koko wayelinda iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba abuye ekhaya. Ngamanye amaxesha uGemma wayesiba neentlungu zesisu kunye nomqala okrwelekayo. Bamnika amayeza oko. Kancinci kancinci, umzimba wakhe waqhelana nawo."
"Besisenza olu nyango kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwemibini ngoku. UGemma akasasebenzisi iziyobisi, kwaye utya iipeanut ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ubusuku ngabunye. Akukho ziphumo zimbi."
Injongo yolu nyango kukufikelela kwidosi yokugcina . Oko kukuthi, ubungakanani obufanele buthathwe imihla ngemihla ukuze kugcinwe ukhuseleko. Oku kukuthintela impendulo ebuhlungu ukuba ngempazamo utye into eneepinati.
Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kunye nezibalo ekufuneka uzazi
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ezi ngongoma engqondweni.
| Inyani | Iinkcukacha |
|---|---|
| Iingozi kwezinye iintlobo zamandongomane | Ukuba une-allergy yamandongomane, umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-allergy kumandongomane emithi, afana nee-almond kunye nee-cashews, uphezulu ngama-25% - 40%. |
| Iimpendulo eziqatha (i-Anaphylaxis) | Ngaphezulu kwama-40% abantwana abane-aleji yokutya baye bahlangabezana ne-aleji enzima ubuncinane kube kanye ebomini babo, apho ii-peanut ziyeyona ixhaphakileyo. |
| Unxulumano nezinye izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukuzinyamezela | Abantwana abane-aleji yokutya banamathuba amabini ukuya kwamane okuba nezinye ii-aleji, ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-pollen. |
| Unyango lwexesha elizayo | Iyeza le-OIT elibizwa ngokuba yi -AR101 , elinikwa njengepilisi, ngoku licingelwa ukuba livunywe. Eli lingaba lunyango lwabantwana abaneminyaka eyi-4 ukuya kweli-17. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho okanye nogqirha wabantwana ngaphambi kokuba umxelele umntwana wakho ngokutya okunokubangela i-allergies, njengeepinati.
- Uluvo lwamva nje kukuba ukungenisa amandongomane kwasebuntwaneni (iinyanga ezi-4-6) kunokuthintela ukungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho une-eczema okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela ukuba angaguli (ezinobungozi obukhulu), amandongomane kufuneka asetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- Ukuba sele une-allergies, i-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) lukhetho lonyango. Ungaze uzame oku ekhaya wedwa. Kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela phantsi kweliso elibukhali lezonyango esibhedlele okanye eklinikhi.
- Ukuba ubona iimpawu ze-allergy enzima (umz. ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukudumba, ukuhlanza), mse kwangoko kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) elikufutshane.
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