Xa iingcongconi zisanda ngexesha lemvula, sicinga ngedengue ngoko nangoko, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, xa sihambahamba ehlathini, siyawoyika amacongconi. Ngaba uyazi ngokwenene ukuba zingaphi izifo eziyingozi ezinokudluliselwa kuthi zizilwanyana ezincinci ezifana neengcongconi, amacongconi, kunye neentakumba? Ezi zilwanyana zincinci zinoxanduva lokufa kwezigidi zabantu kwihlabathi liphela minyaka le. Namhlanje sithetha ngezifo ezidluliselwa zizilwanyana ezithwala izifo ezinjalo.
Zithini ezi zifo zithwalwa ziintsholongwane?
Ngamafutshane, i-vector yintsholongwane ebangela izifo, njengentsholongwane, ibhaktheriya, okanye iparasite (i-pathogen), ethwalwa ukusuka kwesinye isilwanyana ukuya kwesinye, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Ezi vectors ziqala ngokuthatha intsholongwane ziyise emizimbeni yazo xa zifunxa igazi lesilwanyana okanye umntu onesifo. Emva koko, xa i-vector iluma umntu ophilileyo, ifaka intsholongwane kuloo mntu.
Cinga ngengcongconi. Ukuba ingcongconi iluma umntu one-dengue, kunokwenzeka ukuba ikulume nawe. Izifo ezidluliselwa ngolu hlobo zibizwa ngokuba yi-'Vector-Borne Diseases '.
Ezinye zezifo eziqhelekileyo kwilizwe lethu zezi:
- I-Dengue
- I-Malaria
- IChikungunya
- I-Encephalitis yaseJapan ( umkhuhlane wobuchopho )
- I-Typhus
Ezi zifo zibulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-700,000 kwihlabathi liphela minyaka le. Ezi zifo zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezishushu nezishushu, njengamazwe afana neSri Lanka.
Zithini izizathu zesi sifo?
Eyona nto ibangela ukusasazeka kwezi zifo kukulunywa zizilwanyana ezinezifo ezifana neengcongconi, iimpukane, iintakumba, kunye neempukane zesanti. Ekubeni uninzi lwezi zilwanyana zifunxa igazi, kulapho ke esi sifo sisasazeka khona.
Ezinye izinto ezininzi zichaphazela ukusasazeka kwezi zifo.
- Indawo engqongileyo: Iindawo apho amanzi aqokelelana khona (amaqokobhe ekhokhonathi, amatayara, iimbiza zeentyatyambo), kunye nengca ende zezona ndawo zilungileyo zokuzalela ezi vectors.
- Ubuninzi babantu kunye nokufudukela ezidolophini: Xa abantu abaninzi behlala kunye kwaye kwakhiwa izixeko ngaphandle kocwangciso, imeko-bume yokuba ezi vectors ziphumelele iyanda.
Kwitheyibhile engasezantsi, ungabona ezinye zezifo eziqhelekileyo kwilizwe lethu nakwihlabathi liphela, kunye nezizathu zazo.Malunga neentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane ezizisasazayo.
| Isifo | Intsholongwane ebangela izifo | Ivektha |
|---|---|---|
| I-Dengue, iChikungunya, iZika | Intsholongwane | Ingcongconi i-Aedes |
| I-Malaria | Izimuncumuncu | Ingcongconi ye-Anopheles yebhinqa |
| I-Encephalitis yaseJapan | Intsholongwane | Ingcongconi yeCulex |
| I-Typhus | Intsholongwane (iBacteria) | Iintwala (Iintwala) |
| Ubhubhani | Intsholongwane (iBacteria) | Iintakumba – (ukusuka kwiimpuku ukuya ebantwini) |
| Isifo seLyme | Intsholongwane (iBacteria) | Iitiki |
Ziziphi iimpawu zezifo eziqhelekileyo?
Iimpawu zesifo ngasinye kwezi zahlukile. Isizathu soku kukuba iintsholongwane ezibangela esi sifo zahlukile. Makhe sijonge iimpawu zezifo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo.
Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, nceda ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokuqikelela. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokusindisa ubomi.
| Isifo | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| IChikungunya | Ukuqala ngequbuliso komkhuhlane, iintlungu zamalungu ezinganyamezelekiyo, iintlungu zemisipha, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa lusu. Iintlungu zamalungu zinokuhlala iiveki. |
| I-Dengue | Ukuqala ngequbuliso komkhuhlane ophezulu (mhlawumbi i-40°C), intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, iintlungu phantsi kwamehlo, iintlungu zemisipha kunye namalungu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukudumba kwamadlala kunye nokurhawuzelelwa lusu olubomvu. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu eziyingozi ezifana nentlungu yesisu, ukuhlanza okungapheliyo, ukopha kweentsini, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza. |
| I-Malaria | Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukubila kakhulu, intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zomzimba, urhudo, ukuhlanza, ubunzima bokuphefumla, kunye nentlungu yesifuba. Ukuba isifo siyaqhubeka, i-jaundice (ukutyheli kolusu kunye namhlophe emehlweni) kunye ne-coma zinokubakho. |
| I-Encephalitis yaseJapan | Abantu abadala basenokuba nomkhuhlane ekuqaleni, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nokuhlanza. Iimpawu ze-neurological, kuquka ubuthathaka kunye nobunzima bokuhamba, zinokuvela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Abantwana abancinci banokuba nokuxhuzula. Phakathi kwama-20% nama-30% abantu abanosulelo lobuchopho bayafa. |
Iindlela zonyango kunye nokuthintela ezi zifo
Unyango
Unyango lwezi zifo luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisifo.
- Izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane:Akukho yeza libulala ngokuthe ngqo intsholongwane kwizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana ne-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya. Apha, oogqirha balawula iimpawu kuphela. Umzekelo, banika amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumla kakuhle nokusela iziselo (amanzi, ijusi, iporridge).
- Izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane: Kwizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, ezifana nemalariya, kukho amayeza abulala okanye athintele ukukhula kwentsholongwane (umz. i-quinone). Kwizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, ezifana ne-typhus, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (umz. i-doxycycline).
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba usebenzise naliphi na kula mayeza kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukusela amayeza wedwa kuya kusenza isifo sibe sibi ngakumbi.
Uthintelo
Intetho ethi "Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango" iyinyaniso eyi-100% kwezi zifo. Makhe sibone ukuba singenza ntoni ukuze sihlale sikhuselekile kwezi zifo.
- Gcina okusingqongileyo kucocekile: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Lahla amanzi amileyo ekhayeni lakho. Lahla amaqokobhe ekhokhonathi, amatayara amadala, iikomityi zeyogathi, kwanamanzi akwiimbiza zeentyatyambo. Ezi ziindawo zokuzalela iingcongconi.
- Gonyelwa: Kukho imigonyo ekhoyo yokukhusela izifo ezifana ne-Japanese encephalitis. Ungafumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku kwi-ofisi yesebe lezempilo yasekuhlaleni.
- Gquma: Nxiba impahla egquma umzimba wakho kakuhle xa uphuma, ingakumbi kusasa nangokuhlwa. Oku kunokunciphisa ukulunywa ziingcongconi.
- Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane: Faka into yokugxotha iingcongconi kwiindawo ezibonakala elukhumbeni lwakho.
- Lumka xa uhamba: Ngaphambi kokuba uhambe ixesha elide, jonga ukuba ezi zifo zixhaphakile na kuloo ndawo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, bona ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uhambe kwaye ucele ingcebiso.
- Zikhusele kwiinkowane: Ukuba uhamba ehlathini okanye kwindawo enengca, jonga umzimba wakho ukuba azikho na iinkowane. Ukuba ubona inkomo, ungayikhuphi ngezandla zakho. Sebenzisa ii-tweezers ukuyisusa ngononophelo kwaye ucoce loo ndawo kakuhle ngesibulali-ntsholongwane.
- Ucoceko lokutya: Yitya ukutya okucocekileyo nokuphekiweyo kakuhle rhoqo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izifo ezithwalwa zizilwanyana zizifo ezidluliselwa zizilwanyana eziqhelekileyo, ezifana neengcongconi kunye neenkowane, kodwa zinokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwezi zifo kukuthintela. Kubalulekile ukugcina ikhaya lakho kunye nendawo engqongileyo icocekile, ingakumbi ngaphandle kweendawo apho amanzi anokuqokelelwa khona.
- Kubalulekile ukunxiba impahla yokuzikhusela nokusebenzisa izinto ezigxotha iingcongconi ukuze uzikhusele wena nosapho lwakho ekulunyweni zizinambuzane ezifana neengcongconi kunye neenkowane.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane ophezulu ngequbuliso, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, iintlungu zomzimba namalungu, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa lusu, musa ukulibazisa kwaye ubone ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngoko nangoko.
- Ungaze uzame ukuzinyanga ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Oku kungakubeka engozini engakumbi.
izifo ezithwalwa ziintsholongwane, izifo ezithwalwa ziingcongconi, i-dengue, imalariya, i-chikungunya, iintsholongwane zezifo, amakhakha, impilo yeSinhala, eSri Lanka
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