Uma unesifo somkhuhlane noma umphimbo obuhlungu, ingabe uya ekhemisi ucele "i-antibiotic"? Mhlawumbe ucela ngisho nomuthi owanikwa ngumngane wakho. Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi ezweni lakithi bayakwenza lokho. Kodwa ingabe kulungile ngempela? Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngokuthi ayini ama-antibiotic, ukuthi uwasebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanele, nokuthi yini engenzeka uma esetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele.
Kalula nje, ayini lawa ma-antibiotic?
Ama-antibiotic awuhlobo lomuthi olwa nokutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane . Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule lapha ukuthi awasebenzi ekulweni nokutheleleka ngamagciwane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ama-antibiotic ngeke asize ezifweni ezifana nomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane.
Cabanga ngakho, ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, esikhumbeni sethu, nakuyo yonke indawo endaweni esizungezile kunezidalwa ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi amabhaktheriya. Iningi lalezi azisikhathazi. Ezinye (njengalezo ezisemathunjini ethu) ziyasisiza. Kodwa uma amabhaktheriya amabi engena emizimbeni yethu, angasenza sigule, kusukela ekuthelelekeni okuncane kuya ekuguleni okukhulu okudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela.
Yilapho ama-antibiotic eba abaluleke kakhulu kithi. Angasiphulukisa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi aze asindise nokuphila. Kodwa njenganoma yini, ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ngokweqile akuwona umqondo omuhle. Ukuthatha ama-antibiotic lapho engadingeki (ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, noma izifo ezincane zamagciwane eziba ngcono ngokwazo) kungabangela imiphumela emibi engafuneki futhi kufake isandla enkingeni "yokumelana nama-antibiotic" esibhekene nayo njengomhlaba.
Ama-antibiotic asebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ama-antibiotic asebenza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:
1. Ukubulala amagciwane: Amanye ama-antibiotic abulala amagciwane ngokubhubhisa izingxenye zamagciwane ezibalulekile ukuze aphile (isibonelo, udonga lwawo lweseli noma i-DNA).
2. Ukuvimba ukukhula kwamagciwane: Amanye ama-antibiotic avimba amagciwane ekwenzeni amaprotheni awadingayo ukuze ahlukane futhi aphindaphindeke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awasakwazi ukusabalala.
Nansi indlela yokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic ngendlela efanele!
Ukuze uthole okuningi ngale mithi, kubalulekile ukuyisebenzisa ngendlela efanele. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule.
- Thatha umuthi wakho njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile: Kufanele uwuthathe wonke umuthi izinsuku udokotela wakho akutshele zona. Qiniseka ukuthi ulandela imiyalelo yokuthi uwuthatha kangaki ngosuku, nokuthi uwuthathe ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla. Buza ukuthi kukhona yini okungacacile.
- Ungagcini umuthi ukuze uwusebenzise kamuva: Ungacabangi nokuthi, "Ngizowuthatha manje bese ngigcina okunye ngenxa yokugula okulandelayo." Lokho kuyingozi. Unikwa umuthi kuphela wesifo esithile onaso ngaleso sikhathi.
- Ungasebenzisi umuthi onikezwe ngomunye umuntu: Incwadi kadokotela ifana nesudi eyenzelwe wena. Yenzelwe wena ngokusekelwe ezicini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lokutheleleka onalo, umlando wakho wezempilo, kanye nokungezwani komzimba kwakho.
- Lahla imithi esele ngokuphephile: Ngokuvamile uzothola inani eliqondile lemithi oyidingayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ngesizathu esithile unemithi esele, ungabuza usokhemisi wakho ukuthi ungayilahla kanjani ngokuphephile.
Yiziphi izimo eziphathwa ngama-antibiotic?
Ama-antibiotic angelapha izinhlobo eziningi zezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezingase zivele ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa.
| Uhlobo lokutheleleka | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile | I-Cellulitis, i-Impetigo, izifo ezibangelwa ukulunywa yizilwane noma abantu, ukutheleleka kwe-Staph |
| Ukutheleleka komphimbo kanye nohlelo lokuphefumula | I-pneumonia yebhaktheriya, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela okukhulu |
| Ukutheleleka kwesistimu yomchamo kanye nokuzala | Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo (UTIs), i-bacterial vaginosis (BV), ezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) |
| Ukutheleleka kwamehlo | Iso elipinki, i-orbital cellulitis |
| Ezinye izimo | I-Endocarditis, isifo seLyme, i-Sepsis ebangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane |
Kunini lapho kungewona umqondo omuhle ukuthatha ama-antibiotic?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ungathathi ama-antibiotics ukuze ungenwe yigciwane. Awasebenzi.
Khumbula: Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzama kangakanani, ukuthatha ama-antibiotics ngenxa yomkhuhlane ngeke kuwuqede. Kufana nokufaka ibhandeshi ekushisweni yilanga. Akuyona ikhambi elifanele lenkinga.
Izimo ezingelashwa ngama-antibiotic:
- Umkhuhlane
- Umkhuhlane ovamile noma impumulo egobhozayo
- Amacala amaningi e-bronchitis
- Umphimbo obuhlungu ovamile ongewona ukutheleleka kwe-strep
- Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus okubangelwa yigciwane
Futhi, kunezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane ezizophela zodwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Isibonelo, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yindlebe, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yi-sinus. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyawadinga yini ama-antibiotic noma cha.
Izinhlobo zama-antibiotic kanye nemiphumela yazo emibi
Izinhlobo zama-antibiotic
- Imithi yomlomo: amaphilisi, ama-capsule, noma ama-syrups omlomo.
- Imithi yokwelapha: okhilimu, amafutha okugcoba, amaconsi amehlo noma endlebeni.
- Imijovo kanye nosawoti (Imijovo/IV): Inikezwa esibhedlela ngenxa yokutheleleka okukhulu.
Imiphumela emibi yama-antibiotic
Nakuba lezi zivame ukuba zincane, kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izici |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile (emincane) | Uhudo, isicanucanu nokuhlanza, isiyezi, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, izifo zemvubelo |
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu (engavamile) | C. ukutheleleka kwe-diff (ukutheleleka okukhulu kwamathumbu), ukusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis) |
Ingabe kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokungezwani komzimba kuma-antibiotic?
Yebo. Akuvamile, kodwa kungenzeka. Ezimweni ezincane, kungase kube nokuqubuka kwesikhumba okulumayo (ama-hives). Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu (i-anaphylaxis), izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula zingase zibe khona.
Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo! Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ezinzima, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasindisa impilo.
Izingozi zokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic
Kunezingozi ezimbili ezinkulu: ukusebenzisana kwemithi kanye nokumelana nama-antibiotic.
1. Ukusebenzisana Nezidakamizwa
Amanye ama-antibiotic angasebenzisana neminye imithi oyithathayo. Isibonelo, angasebenzisana nemithi efana ne-Warfarin, ama-Beta-blockers, amanye ama-pain relievers (ama-NSAID), kanye nama-antacid asetshenziselwa i-gastritis.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho akunike umuthi wokulwa namagciwane, qiniseka ukuthi umtshela ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje (kufaka phakathi imithi yezinye izifo, amavithamini, ngisho nemithi ye-Ayurvedic).
2. Ukumelana nama-antibiotic
Lokhu kungenye yezinsongo ezinkulu zezempilo emhlabeni namuhla. Okwenzekayo ukuthi uma sisebenzisa ama-antibiotic ngokungadingekile, amabhaktheriya azivumelanisa nalezo zidakamizwa futhi afunde ukulwa nawo. Khona-ke ama-antibiotic ayesebenza ngaphambilini kuma-bacteria abangela lesi sifo awasasebenzi. Kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa "ama-superbugs" anjalo.
Izimpendulo zemibuzo yakho evame ukubuzwa
Ingabe kulungile ukuphuza utshwala ngenkathi uthatha ama-antibiotic?
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukugwema utshwala ngenkathi uthatha ama-antibiotic. Amanye ama-antibiotic (isib. i-Metronidazole) angasabela kabi ngotshwala, okubangela imiphumela emibi kakhulu njengokuhlanza, ikhanda elibuhlungu, nobunzima bokuphefumula. Buza udokotela wakho ngemithi oyithathayo.
Ngingawathatha yini ama-antibiotic ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?
Amanye ama-antibiotic aphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kodwa-ke, amanye (isib. i-Tetracyclines) angaba yingozi embungwini. Uma ukhulelwe, ucabanga ukuthi ukhulelwe, noma uncelisa, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi.
Ngingawathenga yini ama-antibiotic ekhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela?
Ngokomthetho ezweni lakithi, kudingeka incwadi kadokotela ukuze uthole ama-antibiotic omlomo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphepha kwakho. Amanye ama-cream asetshenziswa esikhumbeni (ama-antibiotic angaphandle) angathengwa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-antibiotic kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela ekuthelelekeni ngamagciwane. Awasizi ngalutho ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane njengomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane.
- Thatha umthamo ophelele wemithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho izinsuku eziphelele ozinikiwe . Ungayeki ukuwuthatha ngoba ubuhlungu sebuphelile.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise ama-antibiotic noma imithi yomunye umuntu esele ekuguleni kwangaphambilini.
- Yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Ungaceli udokotela wakho ukuthi akunike ama-antibiotic uma unesifo somkhuhlane. Vumela udokotela wakho anqume ukuthi uyawadinga yini.
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