Ingabe imithambo yakho yegazi ijiyile? Ake sithole ukuthi iyini ngempela i-arteriosclerosis!

Wake wacabanga ukuthi imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) engaphakathi emzimbeni wethu ifana namapayipi? Lena yileyo ethwala igazi elihlanzekile , elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni yethu liye emzimbeni wonke. Ngakho-ke, le mithambo yegazi ayiwona nje amapayipi, iyaguquguquka, njengepayipi elisha lerabha. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, le mithambo yegazi iqala ukuqina futhi iqine. Yilokho esikubiza ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi `( Arteriosclerosis )` noma "ukuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi" noma "ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi". Lena indaba engathi sína, ngoba lokhu kwenzeka kithi, ngisho noma singazi.

Kuyini `(i-Arteriosclerosis)`? Ake sikuqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, "i-Arteriosclerosis" yilapho izindonga zemithambo yakho yegazi, imithambo yegazi eyinhloko ethwala igazi, iqina kancane kancane, ilahlekelwa ukunwebeka kwayo, bese iba lukhuni. Cabanga ngakho, ipayipi elisha lamanzi lingagoba kalula kangakanani? Kodwa uma liguga futhi livezwa elangeni nasemvuleni, lilahlekelwa ukunwebeka kwalo, futhi uma uzama ukuligoba, lingaphuka ngisho, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzekayo emithanjeni yethu yegazi.

Le mithambo yegazi iyisimiso esibaluleke kakhulu. Njalo lapho inhliziyo yethu ishaya, igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo lithwalwa kuwo wonke umzimba, liye kuzo zonke izitho nezicubu, ngale mithambo yegazi. Ngakho-ke, lapho le mithambo yegazi iba lukhuni , ukuhamba kwegazi kungavinjelwa. Khona-ke lonke uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi lungaphazamiseka.

Lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Arteriosclerosis)` asiveli ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Sivela kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi. Into eyingozi kakhulu ukuthi singaba nezimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Ungase ungazizwa lutho isikhathi eside, bese uthola kuphela ukuthi kuvela nini ezinye izinkinga ngenxa yokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo, okungukuthi, izifo ezihlobene nenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Abantu abaningi badidanisa amagama athi `(Arteriosclerosis)` kanye nelithi `(Atherosclerosis)` bese bewasebenzisa njengelinye. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kwalawa amabili.

• I-arteriosclerosis ukuqina nokuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isizathu .
• I-atherosclerosis yisimo lapho ukwakheka kwama-plaque kwakheka ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi, okubangela ukuba ziqine . Lolu uhlobo oluthile lwe-arteriosclerosis. Mhlawumbe leli yigama osulizwile kakhulu.

Manje ake sibheke kabanzi ezinye izinhlobo ze-arteriosclerosis nokuthi zithinta kanjani imizimba yethu.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-arteriosclerosis:

1. I-Atherosclerosis `(I-Atherosclerosis)`

Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu esike sakhuluma ngalo ngaphambili. I-atherosclerosis ukunqwabelana kancane kancane kwamafutha (i-plaque noma i-atheroma) ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yakho ephakathi nendawo nekhulu. Cabanga ngakho njengokugqwala okwakheka ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi. Sibiza lolu layer olunamafutha ngokuthi "i-plaque".

Lezi ezinye zemithambo yegazi ezithinteka kakhulu:

• I-Aorta - Umthambo omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu.
• Imithambo yenhliziyo - imithambo ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Imithambo ye-carotid - imithambo eyinhloko ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni.
• Imithambo ye-Femoral
• Imithambo ye-Iliac

Le `(i-plaque)` ifakwa engxenyeni engaphakathi yodonga lwemithambo yegazi `(tunica intima).` Ezigabeni zokuqala, lokhu akubangeli izinkinga noma izimpawu. Kodwa njengoba lolu ngqimba olunamafutha lukhula kancane kancane, indlela yegazi (lumen) ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi iyancipha. Bese isikhala sokugeleza kwegazi siyancipha. Futhi, kukhona ingozi yokuthi amahlule egazi akheke kule `(i-plaque)`. La mahlule egazi angawuvimba ngokuphelele umthambo wegazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimo eziphuthumayo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi zingase zenzeke.

2. I-Arteriosclerosis `(I-Arteriolosclerosis)`

Nakuba i-`(Atherosclerosis)` ithinta imithambo yegazi ephakathi nekhulu, i-`(Arteriolosclerosis)` ithinta imithambo yegazi emincane. Siyibiza ngokuthi imithambo yegazi emincane `(arterioles).` Lena yileyo esebenza njengesixhumanisi phakathi kwemithambo yegazi emikhulu kanye nemithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu `(capillaries).` Lawa `(arterioles)` adlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi wethu `( umfutho wegazi ).`

I-arteriolosclerosis ukuqina kwezindonga zale mithambo emincane (ama-arterioles). Lokhu kungathinta nemithambo emincane ezinso nasebuchosheni bethu. Uma lezi zindonga ziqina, azikwazi ukusebenza kahle. Khona-ke izitho zomzimba azitholi igazi elanele, futhi kungase kube nezinkinga ezihlukahlukene.

3. I-Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis `(i-Mönckeberg medial calcific sclerosis)`

Elinye igama lalokhu yi-"medial arterial calcification." Lokhu ukufakwa kwe-calcium engxenyeni ephakathi yodonga lwe-arterial "tunica media."Uma i-calcium deposits inqwabelana kule ngqimba ephakathi, udonga lwemithambo yegazi luyaqina . Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50. Kodwa-ke, kungakhula kusenesikhathi kubantu abanezimo ezithile ezingamahlalakhona (isibonelo, isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona).

Lesi simo sibangela ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi, okwandisa ingozi yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Esikhathini esiningi, azikho izimpawu kuze kube yilapho kuvela izinkinga ngenxa ye-"Arteriosclerosis." Ngisho noma izimpawu zivela, ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwenkinga nokuthi ithinteke kuphi. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile yilezi:

• Ukuzwa ukushisa noma ubuhlungu emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni, ngisho nalapho uphumule.
• Ushintsho ekuphindaphindeni kokuchama.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki.
• Isiyezi.
• Isikhumba esomile, esilumayo , noma esingenamizwa.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu (Ukukhathala).
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Ubuhlungu emilenzeni lapho uhamba (imilenze iyabuhlungu lapho uhamba ibanga elifushane, futhi iyaphela uma uyeka) – lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ``intermittent claudication``.
• Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Inkulumo engacacile noma ubunzima bokuveza imibono.
• Amanxeba ezinyawo (kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola).
• Ukuvuvukala (i-edema).
• Ukulahlekelwa ukubona kwelinye iso.
• Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba.

Okubalulekile: Uma unezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okuhamba kancane (i-TIA) (njenge-mini-stroke), i-pulmonary embolism (PE) (i-blood clot emaphashini), noma i-acute mesenteric ischemia (ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi ohlinzeka ngegazi emathunjini), kufanele ushayele u-911 noma inombolo yakho yasendaweni ephuthumayo ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`? Yiziphi izici eziyingozi?

I-arteriosclerosis ibangelwa izinguquko odongeni lwemithambo yegazi. Lezi zinguquko ziqala ukwenzeka ezingeni lamaseli, zincane kangangokuthi asikwazi nokuzibona. Isibonelo, ukulimala kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwemithambo yegazi (i-endothelium) kubangela i-atherosclerosis.

Iningi lalezi zinguquko zenzeka njengoba sikhula. Asikwazi ukuvimba izingozi ezihambisana nokuguga. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqaphela ezinye izinto eziyingozi esingazilawula futhi sizilawule. Ukwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila kungasiza kakhulu ngalokhu.

Izici eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi yilezi:

• Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Izinga le-cholesterol ephezulu egazini.
• Ukukhula kweminyaka.
• Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga ngokomzimba.
• Isifo se-Metabolic.
• Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi (ukubhema, ugwayi, itshungama, njll.).
• Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izici eziyingozi ongase ube nazo. Isibonelo, uma unezimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo ezinjengalezi, ukuzilawula ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi kungasiza kakhulu ekugcineni imithambo yakho iphilile.

Iyini imiphumela ye-`(Arteriosclerosis)`? (Izinkinga)

I-arteriosclerosis iphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi okuvamile emzimbeni wethu. Lapho imithambo yegazi iba lukhuni , ukuhlinzekwa komoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezithweni nasezicutshini kuyaphazamiseka. Ngakho-ke, ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi kungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene, isibonelo:

• Ama-Aneurysms (ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi).
• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid.
• Isifo semithambo ye-coronary (CAD).
• I-critical limb ischemia yisimo esibi esibangelwa ukuncipha kwegazi eliya ezithweni.
• Isifo senhliziyo.
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso.
• Ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi emathunjini (i-Mesenteric ischemia).
• Isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD)
• I-embolism yamaphaphu.
• I-stenosis yemithambo yezinso.
• Isifo sohlangothi.
• Ihlule legazi `(Thrombosis)`.
• Izimpawu zokuhlasela kwe-ischemic okuhamba kancane (i-TIA).

Ngezinye izikhathi, umuntu angaba nezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweyodwa ze-arteriosclerosis, futhi imiphumela yazo ehlangene ingabangela izinkinga ngaphambi kwesikhathi esivamile.

Isibonelo, ucwaningo oluthile lubonisa ukuthi uma umuntu ono-(medial arterial calcification)` (ama-calcium deposits ongqimbeni oluphakathi lodonga lwemithambo yegazi) ephinde abe ne-`(atherosclerosis)` (ama-fatty deposits), inqubo yokunciphisa imithambo yegazi ingasheshiswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngokuvamile, lapho ama-fatty deposits enqwabelana ongqimbeni olungaphakathi lodonga lwemithambo yegazi `(intima),` udonga lwemithambo yegazi luyakhula ngaphandle, okuvumela igazi ukuthi lidlule. Kodwa-ke, uma ungqimba oluphakathi `(media)` luqiniswa ama-calcium deposits, udonga lwemithambo yegazi alukwazi ukwanda ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ama-fatty deposits ongqimbeni olungaphakathi anciphisa ngqo `(lumen)` lapho igazi lingageleza khona.

Itholakala kanjani i-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?

Odokotela baxilonga lesi simo ngokuthi:

• Kwenziwa ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba .
• Buza imibuzo mayelana nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho, indlela yokuphila, kanye nezimpawu .
• Kwenziwe izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene.

Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga `(i-Arteriosclerosis)`

Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuhlola impilo yemithambo yegazi yakho, ukugeleza kwegazi, kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• I-ultrasound yesisu.
• I-Angiography - I-X-ray ithathwa ngokufaka idayi emithanjeni yegazi.
• Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial (ABI) – ilinganisa inani lokugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni.
• I-Ultrasound ye-Carotid.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-CT scan `(I-computer tomography (CT) scan)`.
• I-Echocardiogram (i-Echocardiogram - i-echo) - ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-E.C.G. `(I-Electrocardiogram – EKG/ECG)` – Kukala umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca - Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo isebenza kanjani ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(i-Arteriosclerosis)`?

Ukwelashwa kwe-`(Arteriosclerosis)` kufaka phakathi:

• Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila (isib., ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuyeka ukusebenzisa ugwayi).
• Imithi .
• Izinqubo zezokwelapha noma ukuhlinzwa .

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luhambelane nezidingo zakho. Bazokwakha uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi lakho, banciphise ingozi yezinkinga, futhi baphathe izimpawu zakho. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi yini engcono kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe i-Arteriosclerosis ingavinjelwa?

Ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi kungase kungavinjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ungenza lezi zinto ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Gwema ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi (ukubhema, ukubhema i-vaping, ukuhlafuna itshungama, njll.).
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo (isib. Ukudla KwaseMedithera).
• Vivinya umzimba okungenani izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto, okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Gcina isisindo sakho siphilile.
• Gcina izimo zezempilo ezingabonakali (njengesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme) zilawulwa kahle.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-`(i-Arteriosclerosis)`?

I-arteriosclerosis ingabangela izinkinga ezisongela impilo. Kodwa-ke, uma itholakale futhi yelashwa kusenesikhathi, ungalawula lesi simo futhi uphile impilo ende nenempilo. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngalokho ongakulindela. Bakwazi kangcono wena nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Bona udokotela wakho ukuze akuhlole umzimba minyaka yonke. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukuya kunoma yikuphi ukuhlolwa okulandelayo okunconywa udokotela wakho.

Shayela udokotela wakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi uma:

• Uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma uma izimpawu zakho zishintsha.
• Uma unemibuzo mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.
• Uma ukwelashwa kubangela imiphumela emibi.

Imithambo yethu ayinawo umthombo wobusha. Iyaguga njengeminye imizimba yethu. Lokho kusho ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imithambo yethu iba lukhuni kancane kancane futhi ingaguquguquki. Izici ezithile eziyingozi zingasheshisa le nqubo.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi odokotela bangakwazi ukubona ukuthi yini osengozini yayo. Babuze ngempilo yemithambo yakho yegazi, ukuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele, nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze uvimbele izinkinga. Bangancoma ukushintsha indlela yokuphila noma imithi engasiza ukugcina imithambo yakho yegazi iphilile isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sifingqe ezinye zezinto esikhulume ngazo okudingeka uzikhumbule:

• I-arteriosclerosis ukuqina nokuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• I-atherosclerosis ingenye yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zalokhu, lapho ama-fat deposits akheka khona ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• Ngokuvamile, azikho izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo sikashukela, ukubhema, kanye nokuntuleka kokuvivinya umzimba yizinto eziyingozi kakhulu.
• Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
• Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singalawulwa futhi ingozi incishiswe ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, ukuthatha imithi uma kudingeka, kanye nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha .

Ngakho-ke, nakekela impilo yenhliziyo yakho kanye nemithambo yegazi. Thatha isinyathelo esiya empilweni enempilo namuhla!