Wake wacabanga ngemithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) emzimbeni wakho njengefana namapayipi okuhambisa amanzi? Le mithambo inesibopho sokuthwala igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni yakho liye emzimbeni wakho wonke. Kodwa-ke, lawa akuwona nje amapayipi aqinile; ayaguquguquka, njengepayipi elisha lerabha. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, le mithambo iqala ukuqina futhi iqine. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `( Arteriosclerosis )`, noma "ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi." Lesi yisimo esibi ngoba sikhula kancane futhi ngokuvamile buthule ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele.
Kuyini ngempela `(I-Arteriosclerosis)`? Ake sikuchaze!
Kalula nje, `(I-Arteriosclerosis)` yenzeka lapho izindonga zemithambo yakho—imithambo eyinhloko ethwala igazi—zijiya futhi zilahlekelwa ukujiya kwazo kwemvelo, ziba ziqinile. Cabanga ngepayipi lamanzi elisha; kulula ukugoba, akunjalo? Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokuba seligugile futhi livezwe yizinto ezibangela ukungcola, lilahlekelwa ukujiya kwalo futhi lingaqhekeka uma uzama ukuligoba. Yilokho okwenzekayo emithanjeni yakho.
Le mithambo yegazi iyisimiso esibalulekile. Njalo lapho inhliziyo yakho ishaya, isunduza igazi elinomoya-mpilo liye kuzo zonke izitho nezicubu ngale mithambo yegazi. Uma le mithambo yegazi iba lukhuni , ingavimba ukuhamba kwegazi, okungenzeka iphazamise uhlelo lwakho lonke lokujikeleza kwegazi .
`(I-Arteriosclerosis)` akuyona into ekhula ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Ikhula kancane eminyakeni eminingi. Isici esiyingozi kakhulu ukuthi ingase ingakhombisi zimpawu nhlobo ezigabeni zayo zokuqala. Ungase uzizwe uphilile isikhathi eside kuze kube yilapho kuvela izinkinga eziphuthumayo ngenxa yalokhu kuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo, okuyizimo ezihilela inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Abantu abaningi bavame ukudidanisa igama elithi `(Arteriosclerosis)` kanye nelithi `(Atherosclerosis)` noma basebenzise amagama ngokushintshana. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko ohlukile phakathi kwawo.
- `(I-Arteriosclerosis)` ibhekisela ekuqineni nasekuqineni okuvamile kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi ngenxa yanoma yisiphi isizathu.
- `(I-atherosclerosis)` ibhekisela ngqo ekuqineni kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yokuqongelela kwamafutha (i-plaque) ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Lolu uhlobo oluthile lwe-`(I-Arteriosclerosis)`, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi yigama olijwayele kakhulu.
Manje ake sihlole ezinye izinhlobo ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)` nokuthi zithinta kanjani umzimba wakho.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`:
1. I-atherosclerosis
Lolu uhlobo olwaziwayo esixoxe ngalo ngaphambili. `(I-Atherosclerosis)` lwenzeka lapho ama-fat deposits (i-plaque noma i-atheroma) eqoqana kancane kancane ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yakho ephakathi nekhulu. Cabanga ngakho njengokugqwala okwakheka ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ungqimba olunamafutha `(i-plaque)`.
Kuthinta kakhulu imithambo emikhulu eminingana:
- I-Aorta - Umthambo omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wakho.
- Imithambo yenhliziyo - Imithambo enikeza igazi enhliziyweni yakho.
- Imithambo ye-Carotid - Imithambo emikhulu ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni bakho.
- Imithambo ye-Femoral - Itholakala endaweni yethanga.
- Imithambo ye-Iliac - Itholakala esifundeni se-pelvic.
Leli `(i-plaque)` lihlala engxenyeni engaphakathi yodonga lwemithambo yegazi `(tunica intima)`. Ekuqaleni, lokhu akubangeli zimpawu. Kodwa njengoba i-plaque ikhula, indlela yemithambo yegazi (i-lumen) iyancipha, ivimbele ukugeleza kwegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi yokuthi amahlule egazi akheke ku-plaque, okungavimba ngokuphelele imithambo yegazi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kungaholela ezimweni eziphuthumayo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi . Uma uhlangabezana nalokhu, shayela u-911 noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha.
2. I-Arterial sclerosis
Nakuba i-`(Atherosclerosis)` ithinta imithambo yegazi ephakathi nekhulu, i-`(Arteriolosclerosis)` ithinta imithambo yegazi emincane , eyaziwa ngokuthi i-`(arterioles)`. Lokhu kusebenza njengokuxhumana phakathi kwemithambo yegazi emikhulu kanye nama-capillary amancane. `(Arterioles)` idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi lakho.
`(I-Arteriolosclerosis)` ukuqina kwezindonga zale mithambo emincane. Lokhu kungathinta imithambo emincane ezinso zakho nasebuchosheni. Uma lezi zindonga ziqina, azikwazi ukusebenza kahle, okuholela ekungeneni kwegazi ezingxenyeni zomzimba kanye nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
3. I-Mönckeberg Medial Calcific Sclerosis
Eyaziwa nangokuthi `(medial arterial calcification)`, lesi simo sihilela ukufakwa kwe-calcium engxenyeni ephakathi yodonga lwemithambo `(tunica media)`. Lapho i-calcium inqwabelana kule ngxenye ephakathi, udonga lwemithambo luba luqinile . Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-50. Kodwa-ke, labo abanezinkinga zempilo ezingamahlalakhona—njenge- Chronic Kidney Disease —bangase baqale ukuyihlakulela kusenesikhathi.
Lesi simo siphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi futhi sandisa ingozi yezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Arteriosclerosis)`?
Ngokuvamile, `(I-Arteriosclerosis)` ayibonisi zimpawu kuze kube yilapho kuvela izinkinga ezinkulu. Uma kuvela izimpawu, ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi indawo yomthelela ikuphi. Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:
- Ubuhlungu obuvuthayo noma obubuhlungu emilenzeni, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni, ngisho nalapho uphumule.
- Izinguquko ekuphindaphindeni kokuchama.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki .
- Isiyezi.
- Isikhumba esomile, ukulunywa , noma ukuba ndikindiki.
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile.
- Ubuhlungu emilenzeni ngesikhathi uhamba (obuphela ngokuphumula)—lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi `(intermittent claudication)`.
- Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza.
- Ukuphelelwa umoya .
- Inkulumo engacacile noma ubunzima bokuveza imicabango.
- Amanxeba aphulukisa kancane ezinyaweni.
- Ukuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala).
- Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo kwelinye iso.
- Ubuthakathaka ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba.
Okubalulekile:Uma ubhekene nezimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okuhamba kancane (i-TIA - evame ukuchazwa ngokuthi 'i-mini-stroke'), i-pulmonary embolism (i-PE - i-blood clot emaphashini), noma i-acute mesenteric ischemia (ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehlinzeka ngamathumbu akho), shayela u-911 noma izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo zasendaweni ngokushesha.
Yini ebangela i-Arteriosclerosis? Yiziphi izici eziyingozi?
I-arteriosclerosis yenzeka ngenxa yezinguquko ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi. Lezi zinguquko ziqala ezingeni elincane kakhulu, elingavamile ukubonakala ekuqaleni. Isibonelo, ukulimala kolwelwesi lwangaphakathi lwemithambo yegazi (i-endothelium) kungaholela ekushayweni yi-atherosclerosis.
Nakuba eziningi zalezi zinguquko zenzeka ngokwemvelo njengoba ukhula—into ongeke uyishintshe—kubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi ngezinto eziyingozi ongazilawula . Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni lezi zingozi nokuvikela impilo yakho yemithambo yegazi.
Izici ezibalulekile ezibangela ukuthi imithambo yakho iqine zifaka:
- Isifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension).
- Amazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini.
- Ukukhula ngeminyaka.
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga njalo.
- Isifo se-Metabolic.
- Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi (kufaka phakathi ukubhema, ukuvapha, noma ukuhlafuna ugwayi).
- Isifo Sikashukela Sohlobo 2.
Xhumana nodokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka ukuze uthole izici ezithile eziyingozi. Uma unezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo, ukuzilawula ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi kadokotela kuyindlela enamandla yokugcina imithambo yakho iphilile.
Iyini imiphumela ye-Arteriosclerosis? (Izinkinga)
I-arteriosclerosis iphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile emzimbeni wakho wonke. Lapho imithambo yegazi iba lukhuni , ukulethwa komoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezibalulekile ezithweni nasezicutshini zakho kuyaphazamiseka. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ezahlukahlukene, njenge:
- Ama-Aneurysms (ukuvuvuka kwemithambo yegazi okungavamile).
- Isifo semithambo ye-carotid.
- Isifo semithambo ye-coronary (CAD).
- Ischemia yemilenze ebucayi (ukuvinjelwa okukhulu kokugeleza kwegazi ezithweni).
- Isifo senhliziyo.
- Ukwehluleka kwezinso.
- I-Mesenteric ischemia.
- Isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD).
- I-embolism yamaphaphu.
- I-stenosis yemithambo yezinso.
- Isifo sohlangothi.
- I-Thrombosis (ukuqhekeka kwegazi).
- Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okufushane (i-TIA).
Ngezinye izikhathi, isiguli singaba nezinhlobo eziningi ze-arteriosclerosis ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umphumela oqongelelekayo ungaholela ezinkingeni ngokushesha. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi uma umuntu ene-calcification yemithambo yegazi ephakathi (i-calcium deposits engxenyeni ephakathi yomthambo) kanye ne-atherosclerosis (i-fatty deposits), inqubo yokuncipha iyasheshiswa. Ngokuvamile, njengoba amafutha efakwa engxenyeni engaphakathi (intima), umthambo uyakhula ngaphandle ukuze ugcine ukugeleza kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, uma ungqimba oluphakathi (media) luqiniswa yi-calcium, umthambo awukwazi ukwanda, okubangela ukuthi amafutha afakwe ngqo ku-lumen (indlela yokugeleza kwegazi).
I-Arteriosclerosis itholakala kanjani?
Udokotela wakho uzoxilonga lesi simo ngokuthi:
- Ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba .
- Ukubukeza umlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho, indlela yokuphila, kanye nezimpawu .
- Uku-oda izivivinyo zokuxilonga ezithile.
Ukuhlolwa kokuxilonga kwe-Arteriosclerosis
Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuhlola impilo yakho yemithambo yegazi, ukugeleza kwegazi, kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo, njengokuthi:
- I-ultrasound yesisu.
- I-Angiography (kusetshenziswa idayi yokungafani kanye ne-X-rays ukubona imithambo yegazi).
- Inkomba ye-Ankle-brachial (ABI) – ilinganisa ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho.
- I-Ultrasound ye-Carotid.
- I-X-ray yesifuba.
- I-computed tomography (CT) scan.
- I-Echocardiogram (i-ultrasound yenhliziyo).
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG) – ukukala ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo yakho.
- Isivivinyo sokucindezeleka kokuzivocavoca - ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kanjani ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-arteriosclerosis?
Izinhlelo zokwelapha i-Arteriosclerosis ngokuvamile zifaka:
- Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila (isib., ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo, ukuyeka ugwayi).
- Imithi .
- Izinqubo zezokwelapha noma ukuhlinzwa .
Udokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka uzokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nawe olufanela izidingo zakho. Umgomo wabo ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga, nokuphatha izimpawu zakho. Xoxa nomhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha ukuze uthole inkambo engcono kakhulu yesenzo kuwe.
Ingabe i-Arteriosclerosis ingavinjelwa?
Nakuba kungenzeki njalo ukuvimbela ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi ngokuphelele, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ngokuthatha lezi zinyathelo:
- Gwema yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi (kufaka phakathi ukubhema, ukuvapha, noma ukuhlafuna ugwayi).
- Yamukela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo (njengokudla kwaseMedithera).
- Zivocavoce okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto.
- Gcina isisindo somzimba siphilile.
- Phatha ngempumelelo izimo zempilo eziyisisekelo (njengesifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu).
Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-Arteriosclerosis?
I-arteriosclerosis ingaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila. Kodwa-ke, ngokutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, ungasiphatha kahle lesi simo futhi uphile impilo ende nenempilo. Sicela ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini ongayilindela, njengoba bazi kahle umlando wakho wezempilo futhi bangakunikeza isiqondiso esifanelekile.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?
Qiniseka ukuthi uvakashela udokotela wakho ukuze ahlolwe umzimba minyaka yonke. Kubalulekile futhi ukugcina wonke ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela njengoba kunconywa.
Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona:
- Noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma izinguquko ezimpawini ezikhona.
- Imibuzo mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.
- Imiphumela emibi engemihle evela emithini yakho.
Akukho mthombo wobusha emithanjeni yethu. Njengezinye izingxenye zomzimba, ziyaguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kancane kancane ziba lukhuni futhi zilahlekelwe ukunwebeka kwazo kwemvelo. Izici ezithile eziyingozi zingasheshisa kakhulu le nqubo.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bangakusiza ekuboneni izici ezithile eziyingozi. Buza udokotela wakho ngempilo yakho yemithambo yegazi, ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokuxwayisa okufanele uziqaphele, kanye nezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuvimbela izinkinga. Bangase batuse ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila noma imithi yokugcina imithambo yegazi yakho iphilile isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
Ukufingqa lokho esikuxoxile, nakhu okudingeka ukukhumbule:
- I-Arteriosclerosis ukuqina nokuqina kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi, okwenzeka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- I-atherosclerosis uhlobo oluthile oluhilela ukuqongelela kwamafutha (i-plaque) ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ngokuvamile, azikho izimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala, yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.
- Izici ezinkulu eziyingozi zihlanganisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo sikashukela, ukubhema, kanye nendlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi.
- Uma kungaphathwa, lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
- Kodwa-ke, ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, ukuthatha imithi kadokotela, nokulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho, ungasilawula lesi simo futhi wehlise izingozi zakho.
Beka impilo yakho yenhliziyo kanye nemithambo yegazi yakho phambili namuhla. NgeNirogi Lanka, thatha isinyathelo sokuqala sokuphila impilo enempilo nenempilo!
