Kuthiwani uma elinye lamathambo akho liphuka libe yizicucu? Ake sixoxe ngokuphuka okuphelile!

O, sonke sizwile ngengalo noma umlenze ophukile engozini enkulu. Kodwa kukhona ukuphuka okungewona nje ukuphuka okulula. Cabanga ngepuleti eliwela phansi bese liphuka, ithambo liphuka libe yizicucu ezincane. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ' ukuphuka okuhlanganisiwe' kwezokwelapha. Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Kuyini ngempela ukuphuka kwe-comminuted?

Kalula nje, ukuphuka okuncishisiwe kwenzeka lapho elinye lamathambo akho liphuka okungenani ezindaweni ezimbili noma ngaphezulu bese liphuka libe yizicucu eziningana. Kufana nengilazi ephuka ibe yizicucu lapho iwela. Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokuphuka okuvamile.

Lezi zinhlobo zokuphuka kwethambo zingavela kunoma yiliphi ithambo elikhulu noma elide emzimbeni. Izindawo ezivame kakhulu ezenzeka kuzo yilezi:

• Ithambo lethanga (i-femur)
• Ingxenye engaphambili yethambo lomlenze (i-Tibia)
• Ingxenye encane engemuva, yethambo lomlenze (`Fibula`)
• Ithambo lengalo engenhla (iHumerus)
• Amathambo engalo nesandla abheke eminweni (`Irediyasi` kanye ne-`Ulna`)
• UClavicle
• Ugebhezi

Lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukuphuka okuhlanganisiwe sivame ukubangelwa ingozi engacabangeki. Cabanga ngakho njengengozi enkulu yemoto noma ukuwa endaweni ephakeme njengesitezi esiphezulu. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu uma kwenzeka emathanjeni amakhulu, futhi ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kumiswe ithambo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlobo lokuphuka kwamathambo amancane lungaphola ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphola kuncike ekutheni yiliphi ithambo oliphulile nokuthi liphuke kanjani. Kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi uma kwadingeka uhlinzwe, kungathatha isikhathi esingangonyaka ukuze ululame ngokugcwele.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuqhekeka kwe-comminuted kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-segmental?

Ukuqhekeka Okuhlanganisiwe kanye nokuqhekeka Okuhlukaniswe Ngokwengxenye kokubili kuyizinhlobo zokuqhekeka kwamathambo okunzima . Lawa magama atshela udokotela wakho imininingwane ethile mayelana nokuthi amathambo akho aqhekeke kanjani, ukuthi aqhekeke kuphi, nokuthi abukeka kanjani emzimbeni wakho.

Uma uphukile, kusho ukuthi ithambo lakho liphukile ezindaweni ezimbili noma ngaphezulu futhi liphukile laba yizicucu eziningi. Ngamanye amazwi, kufana nokuthi lichotshoziwe.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuphuka kwesigaba kwenzeka lapho ithambo liphuka ezindaweni ezimbili, kanti ingxenye yethambo ihlukaniswe phakathi kwezinye izingxenye. Amanye amaqhekeko esigaba angase aqedwe noma angaqedwa.

Kodwa-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kubizwa kanjani, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukulimala kwakho kuhlolwe udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuphuka kungaba ukulimala okukhulu, futhi ukwelashwa okudingekayo kungatholakala kuphela ngemva kokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuhlushwa yilezi zinhlobo zokuphuka kwamathambo?

Eqinisweni, ukuphuka kwethambo okuphukile - njenganoma yikuphi ukuphuka kwethambo - kungenzeka kunoma ubani. Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kubangelwa izingozi ezinkulu, akekho ongabikezela ukuthi ingozi izokwenzeka nini, kanjani, noma kubani. Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu usengozini.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ukuphuka kwemisipha akuvamile kakhulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi, ngenhlanhla, abantu abaningi akudingeki babhekane nezingozi ezinkulu ezibangwa yizo.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka kwethambo okubangelwa yi-fracture?

Uma uphukile umlenze, ungase ube nezinye izimpawu ezinkulu ezibangelwe yingozi ebangele lokho. Izimpawu zakho zizoncika kwezinye izingozi onazo. Kodwa ngokuvamile, izimpawu zokuphuka umlenze zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu: Lokhu akubona ubuhlungu obujwayelekile, ubuhlungu okunzima ukububekezelela.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba evame ukushukunyiswa: Isimo lapho ingalo noma umlenze kungenakushukunyiswa noma ukugoba.
• Ingxenye yomzimba ebonakala ihlukile noma isuka endaweni yayo: Ingalo noma umlenze kungase kubonakale sengathi weluliwe noma ubekwe ngendlela engavamile.
• Ithambo lakho liphuma esikhumbeni sakho: Lesi isibonakaliso esingathi sína kakhulu.
• Ukuvuvukala: Indawo elimele ivuvukala kakhulu.
• Imivimbo namabala egazi : Igazi lingena ngaphansi kwesikhumba bese liphenduka libe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/nsomi.

Ukuphuka Kwamanxeba Okuvulekile Nokuvaliwe

Udokotela wakho uzohlukanisa ukwaphuka kwakho ngokuthi "Ukuqhekeka Okuvulekile" noma "Ukuqhekeka Okuvaliwe".

• Uma une- "Open Fracture" (ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi "Compound Fracture"), ithambo lakho eliphukile seliphuke esikhumbeni. Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola futhi kungaba namathuba amaningi okutheleleka .Kukhona futhi ingozi enkulu yokukhula kwesifo () kanye nezinye izinkinga.
• Ukuphuka okuvaliwe yilokhu lapho ithambo liphukile khona futhi isikhumba singalimalanga, okusho ukuthi ithambo aliphumanga esikhumbeni. Lokhu nakho kuyingozi, kodwa kunezinkinga ezimbalwa kunekuphuka okuvulekile.

Ukuphuka Kwamathambo Okususiwe Ekhaya

Amagama athi 'Ukuxoshwa' noma 'Ukungasuswa' udokotela wakho azowasebenzisa ukuchaza ukuphuka .

• Ukuphuka okuphukile kwenzeka lapho ithambo liphuka futhi izingcezu ziphushwa, okushiya isikhala esikhulu phakathi kwazo. Lezi zinhlobo zokuphuka zivame ukudinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze zibekwe kahle.
• Ukuphuka okungasuswanga endaweni ethile kwenzeka lapho ithambo liphukile, kodwa izingcezu azikahambi kakhulu, futhi zisaphelele.

Uma ithambo liqhekeka, liphuka libe yizicucu eziningi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi liphunyuke kunezinye izinhlobo zokuqhekeka.

Yiziphi izimbangela zokuphuka kwethambo okubangelwa yi-comminuted fracture?

Lokhu kuphuka okubangelwa ukulimala okukhulu kakhulu. Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Izingozi ezinkulu zezimoto (njengezingozi zezimoto nezithuthuthu).
• Ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu (isibonelo, usuka esitebhisini, ophahleni, noma ngisho nomuthi omude).

Noma yimuphi umthelela oshaya amathambo akho kanzima ungabangela ukuphuka okubangelwa yi-deminute. Kodwa-ke, nakuba izinto ezivamile njengokushelela nokuwa zingaphula amathambo, mancane amathuba okuba zidale umonakalo owanele wokubangela ukuphuka okubangelwa yi-deminute.

Ungayibona kanjani i-fracture ephukile?

Udokotela wakho uzohlonza ukuphuka okubangelwa ukukhubazeka ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwezithombe. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ungeniswa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ngemva kwengozi enkulu, lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa lapho.

Uma ulethwa egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo, ithimba lezokwelapha lizokuqinisa futhi likwelaphe ngokulandelana kobunzima. Ikakhulukazi uma unezimo ezisongela ukuphila, zizobekwa phambili. Ngemva kokuthi uzinzise, ​​kuzodingeka ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ukuqinisekisa ukuphuka.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Ukuze uthole isithombe esicacile sokuphuka kwakho, kungadingeka ukuthi ube nokuhlolwa okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu:

• I-X-ray `(i-X-ray)`:I-X-ray ingaqinisekisa noma yikuphi ukuphuka okuphukile noma okunye futhi ibone ukuthi kungakanani umonakalo owenziwe emathanjeni akho.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise i-MRI ukuthola isithombe esiphelele somonakalo emathanjeni nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Angase futhi abheke umonakalo ezicutshini ezithambile (imisipha, izicubu ezixhumeneyo, izitho zomzimba) ezizungeze amathambo. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukuthi lokhu kuthinteke kanjani ngengozi.
• I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): I-CT scan ivumela udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo ukuthola isithombe esinemininingwane eminingi ngamathambo akho nezicubu ezizungezile kune-X-ray.

Iphathwa kanjani i-fracture ephukile?

Uma uphuke ithambo elide noma elikhulu futhi seliphenduke ukuphuka okuqhekekile, uzodinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlinzwa ezisetshenziswa ukulungisa ukuphuka okuqhekekile. Inqubo udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ayisebenzisayo izoncika ekulimaleni kwakho, ithambo eliphukile, kanye nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezenzeke kusukela engozini.

Udokotela ohlinzayo uzobuyisela amathambo akho aphukile ezindaweni zawo ezifanele (siwabiza ngokuthi 'amasethi') bese ewalungisa endaweni yawo. Yilapho ephola kahle futhi ehlangana ndawonye. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-internal fixation . Lokhu kusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo uzofaka izingcezu zensimbi (njengezinduku noma amapuleti) ethanjeni lakho ukuze alibambe endaweni yalo kuze kube yilapho ithambo liphola. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-internal fixation:

• Izinduku: Induku ifakwa phakathi kwethambo, kusukela phezulu kuya phansi.
• Amapuleti Nezikulufo: Amapuleti ensimbi afakwa ethanjeni futhi aboshwe ngezikulufo, ebamba izingcezu zamathambo ndawonye.
• Izikhonkwane Nezintambo: Uma kunezingcezu zamathambo ezincane kakhulu kunezinye izinto ezibambekayo, izikhonkwane nezintambo zisetshenziselwa ukuzibamba ndawonye. Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinduku noma amapuleti. Ungadinga izikhonkwane nezintambo ukuze ubambe izingcezu ndawonye ngemva kokuphuka kwakho okuphelile.

Abanye abantu bahlala nalezi zingcezu zensimbi emizimbeni yabo. Abanye abantu baze badingeke bahlinzwe kamuva.

Ukulungiswa Kwangaphandle

Ungase udinge nokufakelwa kwangaphandle. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yisisombululo sesikhashana. Kusiza ukugcina ukwaphuka kuzinzile kuze kube yilapho okunye ukulimala kwakho kuphola. Udokotela ohlinzayo ufaka izikulufo emzimbeni wakho, kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokuphuka, bese ezixhumanisa nesisekelo (i-brace noma i-bracket) ngaphandle komzimba wakho.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela abahlinzayo batusa ukulungiswa kwangaphandle njengesinyathelo sokuqala ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okukhulu ukuze kwelashwe ukwaphuka kwakho okuphukile. Uma unezinye ukulimala okuningi, kungathatha isikhathi ukuthi umzimba wakho ululame ngokwanele ukuze uhlinzwe ukulungiswa kwangaphakathi.

Ukuxhunyelelwa Kwamathambo

Uma ukwaphuka kwakho okuphukile kuphumile kakhulu, noma uma ithambo lakho lingapholi njengoba kulindelekile, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlinzwe ithambo . Udokotela ohlinzayo uzothatha izicubu zethambo ezengeziwe azifake ukuze abuyisele ithambo lakho eliphukile ndawonye. Ngemuva kwalokho, izingcezu zibanjwa ndawonye, ​​​​ngokuvamile ngokufakwa kwangaphakathi, kuze kube yilapho ithambo likhula futhi. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthola izicubu zethambo elihlanganisiwe:

• Ukusuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho - ngokuvamile ingxenye ephezulu yethambo lakho lesinqe.
• Kusuka kumuntu onikelayo wangaphandle.
• Ngengxenye yokufakelwa eyenziwe ngokwenziwa.

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Comminuted Fracture kuyinqubo yokulaliswa esibhedlela, okusho ukuthi ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Kodwa-ke, ungase ube nezinye ukulimala okuvela engozini eyabangela ukuphuka kwe-comminuted, ngakho-ke kungadingeka uhlale esibhedlela uze ululame.

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ingxenye yomzimba wakho lapho ithambo eliphukile likhona izovinjwa khona. Kuye ngokuthi ikuphi, kungadingeka ugqoke i-brace, i-splint, noma i-cast. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho ungabeka khona isisindo kancane kancane noma uqale ukuyisebenzisa njengoba wenzile ngaphambi kwengozi.

Yimiphi imithi esetshenziswayo ekuqhekekeni kwamathambo aphukile?

Imithi engeyona i-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) njenge-aspirin noma i-ibuprofen ingabangela ukopha kanye nezinye izinkinga uma isetshenziswa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokweluleka ngemithi ongayithatha ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Izinkinga Zokwelashwa Kokuqhekeka Kwama-Comminuted

Ukuphuka Okuhlanganisiwe ``(Ukuphuka Okuhlanganisiwe)`` Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngemva kokuhlinzwa zifaka:

• I-Acute Comppartment Syndrome (ACS): Ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwemisipha iyanda, ukugeleza kwegazi ezicutshini kuyanqamuka, futhi kungenzeka umonakalo ohlala njalo wemisipha kanye nemizwa.
• Malunion: Uma ithambo lakho eliphukile lingahlangani kahle njengoba liphola.
• Ukungabi nabunye: Lapho amathambo akho engahlangani ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye.
• Ukutheleleka Kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Uma uke waphuka ngokuvuleka (lapho ithambo lidlule khona esikhumbeni), usengozini enkulu yokuthola ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
• Okunye ukulimala kwangaphakathi:Ukuphuka kungalimaza imisipha, imizwa, imithambo yegazi, imisipha, kanye nemisipha ezungeze ukulimala.

Futhi, uma imithi efana "ne-NSAIDs" isetshenziswa ngendlela engafanele, ingabangela imiphumela emibi efana nalokhu:

• Ukopha
• Izilonda zesisu (izilonda zesisu)
• Ubuhlungu besisu
• Izinkinga zomgudu wokugaya ukudla

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Kungathatha amasonto ambalwa ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziphele. Kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwakudingeka ulungise ukuphuka kwakho okuphukile kanye nethambo eliphukile, ungase ukwazi ukuqhubeka nokunyakaza phakathi namasonto ambalwa.

Kodwa-ke, uma uqhubeka nobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho.

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuphuka kwethambo eliphukile?

Landela lezi zinyathelo ukuze unciphise ingozi yezingozi empilweni yakho yansuku zonke:

• Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo njalo uma ugibele imoto.
• Gqoka imishini yokuphepha efanele phakathi nayo yonke imisebenzi nemidlalo.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo yakho yokusebenza ihlanzekile futhi ingenazo izinto ezingakukhubekisa noma zikhubeke kwabanye.
• Sebenzisa amathuluzi afanele njalo ukuze ufinyelele izinto usuka phezulu. Ungalokothi ukhwele ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni.
• Landela uhlelo lokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca olusiza ekugcineni amathambo enempilo enhle.
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, noma uma othile emndenini wakho enesifo sokuwohloka kwamathambo (isifo sokuncipha kwamathambo), khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.

Ingabe ukuphuka okubangelwa yizinhlungu kungavinjelwa?

Ukuphuka kwemisipha okubangelwa yizinso kuvame ukuvinjelwa ngokuphelele ngoba kwenzeka ngokuzumayo. Njengoba ungeke ukwazi ukubikezela ukuthi ingozi izokwenzeka nini, akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela ukuphuka kwemisipha okubangelwa yizinso ngaphandle kokulandela izinyathelo zokuphepha eziyisisekelo. Uma usebenzisa i-walker noma induku, ungalokothi uhambe ngaphandle kwazo, futhi qaphela kakhulu endaweni engalingani.

Yini engingayilindela uma ngiphuke kabi?

Uma uphukile, ukululama kwakho kuzothatha isikhathi eside kunezinye izinhlobo zokuphuka. Kungathatha isikhathi esingafika onyakeni ukuphulukiswa, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye ukulimala okuvela engozini yokuqala.

Uzodinga ukwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze kukusize uthole amandla nokunyakaza okuhlukahlukene engxenyeni yomzimba elimele. Lokhu kwelashwa kuzoba yingxenye yohlelo olukhulu lokwelapha ezinye ukulimala kwakho.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ukuphuka okuphukile kuphole?

Ukuphuka kwamathambo okuphukile kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuphola kunezinye izinhlobo zokuphuka kwamathambo futhi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kube nezinkinga.

Iningi lamathambo aphukile athatha unyaka noma ngaphezulu ukuze aphulukiswe. Isikhathi esiqondile esithathayo ukuze ithambo lakho (noma amathambo) liphulukiswe sincike ebunzimeni bokuphuka kwakho nokuthi ngabe unezinkinga yini.

Ingabe ngeke ngikwazi ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni?

Uma usengozini enkulu, ungase ungakwazi ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni uze ululame. Ukulimala kanye namathambo aphukile kuzothinta isikhathi ozobe ungekho ngaso emsebenzini, esikoleni, kanye neminye imisebenzi.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ohlinzayo noma udokotela ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.

Iyini inhloso yokuphuka kwethambo eliphukile?

Ukuphuka kwemisipha okubangelwa yizinso kuyizingozi ezinkulu kakhulu. Uma ube nezinye ukulimala engozini yokuqala, impilo yakho ingathinteka unomphela. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuphuka kwemisipha okubangelwa yizinso kuvame ukuba ukulimala okusongela ukuphila, kungaba nzima ukuhlukanisa okunye kokunye. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngohlelo oluthile lokululama kanye nokuthi yini ongayilindela njengoba ululama engozini yakho.

Kufanele ngiye nini eGumbini Lezimo Eziphuthumayo?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uphuke kabi – noma olunye uphuke kabi – kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Yiya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa ingxenye yomzimba ongayihambisa ngokujwayelekile.
• Ingxenye yomzimba ibukeka ihlukile ngokuphawulekayo noma isuka lapho yayikhona.
• Ungabona ithambo lakho liphuma esikhumbeni sakho.
• Ukuvuvukala.
• Kanye nalezi ezinye izimpawu, kuvela imivimbo emisha namabala egazi.

Yiya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha ngemva kwanoma iyiphi ingozi enkulu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungakhohlwa ukubuza le mibuzo uma ubona udokotela wakho:

• Yiliphi ithambo eliphukile?
• Hlobo luni lokuhlinzwa engiludingayo?
• Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe (Ukuhlinzwa Kokulandelela)?
• Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?

Ukuphuka kwethambo eliphukile kuyimbangela enkulu kakhulu. Ungase ungazi ukuthi unakho kuze kube yilapho uthola ukwelashwa kokulimala okwenzekile. Nakuba kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa wesaba lapho uthola ukuthi unethambo eliphukile - ikakhulukazi elibucayi - izinga lempumelelo yokwelapha ukuphuka kwethambo eliphukile liphezulu kakhulu.Udokotela wakho kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo bazokuqondisa endleleni eya ekululameni.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi ukuphuka okubangelwa yithambo kuyisimo esibi lapho ithambo liphuka libe yizicucu eziningi. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yezingozi ezinkulu. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka, futhi kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa ngokuphelele.

Kodwa-ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha kanye nokwelashwa ngokomzimba, ungalulama cishe ngokuphelele kulesi simo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo, uphuze imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe, futhi wenze izivivinyo zokuvuselela ngendlela efanele. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthatha zonke izinyathelo zokuphepha ukuze uzivikele ezingozini. Uma uneminye imibuzo ngalokhu, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

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