Wake wazinika isikhathi sokucabanga ngempilo yamehlo akho wazibuza, “Ingabe amehlo ami aphilile ngempela?” Ngezinye izikhathi, kwenzeka izinguquko ezincane ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu esingase singazazi nhlobo. Esinye isimo esinjalo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Optic Disc Drusen. Ungakhathazeki; ake sihlukanise lokhu kube ngamagama alula nge-Nirogi Lanka.
Kuyini i-Optic Disc Drusen?
Kalula nje, i-Optic Disc Drusen yizinsalela ezincane ze- calcium kanye namaprotheni anamafutha aqoqana ku- optic disc (noma ikhanda le-optic nerve) yeso lakho. Cabanga ngazo njengamatshe amancane, ahlanganisiwe. Igama elithi “drusen” empeleni livela egameni lesiJalimane elisho “idwala” noma “iqhubu.” Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinsalela zingaba lukhuni noma ziqine.
I-optic disc iyingxenye engaphambili yenzwa yakho ye-optic , okuyindlela ebalulekile ethwala ulwazi olubonakalayo oluvela esweni lakho luye ebuchosheni bakho.
Nakuba lezi drusen ngezinye izikhathi zingathinta iso elilodwa kuphela (elihlangothini olulodwa), kuma-75% ezimo, zitholakala kuwo womabili amehlo (elihlangothini ezimbili) . Kwezinye izimo, zingabangela ukwehla okuncane kokubona .
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo? Ubani osengozini?
Izilinganiso zisikisela ukuthi u-1% kuya ku-2% wabantu bangase babe ne-optic disc drusen. Eminye imibiko ibeka lokhu phakathi kuka-1.8% no-2.4%. Lesi simo singathinta noma ubani kungakhathaliseki ubulili bakhe, yize izifundo zibonise ukwanda okukhulu phakathi kwabantu baseCaucasian uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izizwe.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi unazo? Ziyini izimpawu?
Ezimweni eziningi, abantu abane-optic disc drusen ababi nazo nhlobo izimpawu . Ivame ukutholakala udokotela wamehlo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile.
Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu, njenge:
- Amaphutha ensimu yokubona: Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase ubone izindawo ezingaboni kahle ensimini yakho yokubona, okuhlanganisa nokubona kwakho okuphakathi noma okungaphandle (ohlangothini). Ungase ube nendawo enkulu yokungaboni lapho ungaboni khona umuntu osondela ohlangothini ngenkathi ubheke phambili.
- Izikhathi ezimfushane zokubona okufiphele noma okumpunga.
- Ukulahlekelwa kancane kancane kombono ongaphandle.
- Amaqhubu amhlophe noma aphuzi abonakalayo: Uma udokotela ehlola iso lakho, angase abone lawa maqhubu. Amanye abonakala ebusweni (i-visceral optic disc drusen), kanti amanye “angcwatshwe” (i-buryed optic disc drusen) futhi kunzima ukuwabona.
Cabanga ngendaba kaSamanti, owayevame ukuzizwa sengathi uphuthelwa ukunyakaza ekuboneni kwakhe okungaphandle. Ekuqaleni, wayengakunaki kakhulu lokho, kodwa ngemva kokuvakashela udokotela wamehlo , wathola ukuthi wayene-optic disc drusen emehlweni womabili.
Kungani lokhu kuthuthuka?
Nakuba sizazi lezi zinhlobo ze-drusen ngokuqongelelana kwamaprotheni anamafutha nezinye izinto, ososayensi abakayazi imbangela eqondile yalokhu kuqongelela . Kwezinye izimo, kungase kube yifa , okusho ukuthi uma ilungu lomndeni linalesi simo, ungase ube namathuba aphezulu okuba naso.
Kuhlolwa kanjani? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho wamehlo angabona lezi zidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile. Ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa, angase aphakamise ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, okufana nalokhu:
- Ukuhlolwa kwensimu yokubona: Ukudweba insimu yakho yokubona nokuhlonza noma yiziphi izindawo zokulahlekelwa umbono.
- I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): I- scan yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ethatha izithombe zeso lakho ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba, okuvumela udokotela ukuthi abone indawo eqondile kanye nosayizi we-drusen.
- I-Ultrasound : Ukuskena okusetshenziselwa ukubheka ngaphakathi kweso, okusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuboneni i-drusen "engcwatshwe".
- I-CT Scan (i-computed tomography): Ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa, ikakhulukazi ukuthola ama-calcium deposits.
- I-Fluorescein angiography: Inqubo esebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekile kanye nedayi ye-fluorescent ukuthwebula izithombe ngemuva kweso, okuvumela udokotela ukuthi ahlole isimo semithambo yegazi yakho.
- I-Fundus autofluorescence: Indlela yokuthwebula izithombe engadingi udayi ojovwe; isebenzisa umbala ovele ngokwemvelo esweni obizwa ngokuthi i-lipofuscin ukuze igqamise i-drusen.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha? Iphathwa kanjani?
Uma une-optic disc drusen, cishe awudingi ukwelashwa noma ukuphathwa okukhethekile . Okwamanje, akukho ukuhlinzwa noma ikhambi lokususa la ma-depositi. Sicela uqiniseke, kubantu abaningi, lesi simo asibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu.
Injani imbono yami uma ngine-optic disc drusen?
Isibikezelo somuntu one-optic disc drusen ngokuvamile sihle kakhulu . Umphumela obaluleke kakhulu ongaba khona ukwehla okuncane kombono ongaphandle.
Akuvamile ukuthi kube nezinkinga, njenge:
- Ama-Choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVM): Imithambo yegazi emisha engavamile eyakheka esweni. Ingaphuma igazi, okungase kuthinte umbono wakho ophakathi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukwelashwa nge-laser kungadingeka.
- I-Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION): Isimo lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kuya emthanjeni we-optic kuncipha, okungase kubangele ukulimala kwemizwa.
- Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ye-retinal: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ye-retinal.
Njengoba lezi zinkinga zingavamile kakhulu, asikho isizathu sokukhathazeka ngokweqile.
Ingabe lesi simo siyingozi?
Ngisho noma ubona izinguquko ezincane ekuboneni kwakho, i-optic disc drusen ngokuvamile ayibhekwa njengesimo esiyingozi . Kodwa-ke, ingahlotshaniswa nezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha, yingakho ukulandelwa njalo kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.
Ingabe kungavinjelwa?
Ngeshwa, okwamanje ayikho indlela eyaziwayo yokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-optic disc drusen.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Ukuhlolwa njalo kwamehlo kubalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho , kufanele uthintane nochwepheshe wamehlo ngokushesha. Ungashalazeli ngisho nezinguquko ezincane.
I-optic disc drusen ihluke kanjani kwezinye izimo zamehlo?
Ngenxa yokuthi ezinye izimo zifana, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwazo.
Ungakudidanisi ne-Papilledema!
I-optic disc drusen ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi “i-pseudopapilledema.” Isiqalo esithi “pseudo” sisho amanga.
I-Papilledema ukuvuvukala kwekhanda le-optic nerve ngenxa yokwanda kwengcindezi yangaphakathi kobuchopho. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Nakuba i-optic disc drusen ingenza i-optic disc ibonakale ivuvukile, akusikho ukuvuvukala kwangempela, yingakho igama elithi “pseudopapilledema.”
I-Glaucoma kanye ne-Optic Disc Drusen
Kokubili i-glaucoma kanye ne-optic disc drusen kungabangela izinkinga ensimini yakho yokubona. Ngezinye izikhathi, zombili lezi zimo zingaba khona ndawonye. Udokotela wakho kumele akwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwazo, njengoba i-glaucoma iyisimo esibi nesiqhubekayo esidinga ukwelashwa okusebenzayo.
Ingabe kukhona ukuxhumana ne-Retinitis Pigmentosa?
Abantu abane -Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) banamathuba aphezulu okuthola i-optic disc drusen, ikakhulukazi labo abanezinhlobo ezithile ze-RP noma i-Usher syndrome .
Ingabe i-Noonan syndrome idlala indima?
I-Noonan syndrome yisimo sofuzo esingathinta ukukhula kwe-optic disc, okwenza abantu abanalesi sifo bathambekele kakhulu ekubeni ne-optic disc drusen.
Isifinyezo: Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
Ngamafuphi, nakhu okudingeka ukukhumbule mayelana ne-optic disc drusen:
- Ziyi-calcium kanye nama-protein deposits akha ekhanda le-optic nerve.
- Iningi labantu alinazo nhlobo izimpawu.
- Lesi simo ngokuvamile asinangozi , yize kungase kube nezinkinga ezingavamile.
- Akukho ukwelashwa noma ukwelashwa okukhethekile okudingekayo ezimweni eziningi.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: qhubeka nokuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo futhi ubone udokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho.
Khumbula, amehlo akho ayisipho esiyigugu. Kungumthwalo wakho ukuwanakekela. Ungalokothi uthathe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezihlobene namehlo kalula.
Uma uneminye imibuzo, sicela ukhulume nodokotela wakho wamehlo; bahlonyiswe kangcono ukukunikeza ulwazi oluningiliziwe.
