Okudingeka ukwazi nge-COVID-19!

Lo bhubhane we-Covid-19 '(COVID-19)' usuvele ukhona isikhathi eside manje, akunjalo? Ekuqaleni, sonke sasesaba kakhulu, ngoba izinto eziningi zazintsha. Kodwa manje, sesijwayele ukuphila naleli gciwane. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basenemibuzo ngalo, futhi ezinye izinto zingase zingacaci. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinto ezibalulekile njengokuthi iyini le Covid-19, ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani kuyo, nokuthi wenzeni uma ugula. Njengokukhuluma nomngane, kalula.

Iyini i-COVID-19? Uke wezwa ngayo?

Kalula nje, kwakusekupheleni kuka-2019 lapho lolu hlobo olusha lwe-coronavirus, odokotela abalubiza ngokuthi `(SARS-CoV-2)` , lwaqala ukubangela izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kubantu. Isifo esibangelwa yileli gciwane yilokho sonke esikwaziyo ngokuthi `i-Covid-19` . Leli yigciwane elisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kalula lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Yingakho abantu emhlabeni wonke bezwe imiphumela yalo.

Manje bheka, into ebaluleke kakhulu kulokhu ukuthi wonke umuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala kumele avuselele umjovo wakhe we-Covid-19 `(umuthi wokugomela)`, okungukuthi, agcinwe `(usesikhathini)` . Ngoba, ngomjovo wamanje obuyekeziwe, sithola isivikelo esihle ezinhlotsheni zamagciwane ezivame kakhulu emphakathini. Ngakho ungakhohlwa lokho, kulungile?

Ngakho-ke, luyini ubhubhane? Sizwa leli gama ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Yebo, silizwile leli gama kaningi ngesikhathi se-Covid, akunjalo? Cabanga nje, uma edolobhaneni elithile noma edolobheni, abantu abaningi kunalokho ebesikulindele bethola isifo esifanayo, sikubiza ngokuthi 'ubhubhane' . Manje, uma lesi sifo singagcini ezweni elilodwa, kodwa sisakazekela emazweni amaningi, noma ngisho emhlabeni wonke, yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'ubhubhane' . Njengoba nje i-Covid-19 isakazekele emhlabeni wonke.

Lezi zifo eziwubhubhane ngezinye izikhathi zingaba namagagasi . Okusho ukuthi, izikhathi lapho abantu abaningi betheleleka khona ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma igciwane lithelelana kakhulu, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi lenzeke lapho abantu abathelelekile bebuthana endaweni eyodwa, njengalapho bengagqokile imaski noma bengagonyiwe. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi igciwane liguquke libe uhlobo olungathelelani kakhulu noluyingozi kakhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, isifo singaba yisifo esivamile . Okusho ukuthi, lesi sifo besilokhu sikhona emphakathini othile noma endaweni elinganiselwe, kodwa asisabalali ngokuzumayo ngamagagasi amakhulu. Isifo esivamile sisakazeka ngendlela ezinzile nebikezelwayo. Isibonelo, izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane ovamile kanye nomkhuhlane ziyizifo ezivamile. Manje kubonakala sengathi i-Covid-19 nayo ingaba yisifo esivamile. I-World Health Organization (WHO) yamemezela i-Covid-19 njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo yomphakathi emhlabeni wonke ngoMeyi 2023. Lokho kusho ukuthi akusekho ukwesaba okukhulu njengakuqala, kodwa kudingeka siqaphele.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-COVID-19?

Manje ungase uzibuze, 'Ziyini izimpawu ze-COVID?' Ake ngikubuze lokhu... I-COVID-19 ingadala izimpawu ezahlukahlukene. Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe kabi kakhulu, kanti abanye bangase bazizwe kabi kakhulu. Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nezinkinga zesisu (njengokuqaqamba kwesisu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, kanye nesifo sohudo) .

Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye abantu babhekana nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba (njengangemva kokuzivocavoca)
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka nephunga (lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abaye babhekana nayo)
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba
• Izimpawu zomkhuhlane (njengekhala eligobhozayo, umphimbo obuhlungu)

Izinsana ezincane zingahluka kancane . Zingase zicasuke, zingathandi ukudla, noma zibe nomkhuhlane nje. Ngakho-ke uma ingane encane iziphatha ngendlela engavamile, kufanele ukhathazeke.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi abanye abantu ababonisi zimpawu noma ngabe bathola igciwane. Bangasabalalisa igciwane kwabanye bengazi.

Kuyini i-MIS-C? Ingabe kuyinto ehlukile ezinganeni?

Yebo, lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinganeni. Ezinye izingane ezine-COVID-19, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho namasonto ngemva kokuba seziluleme, zingase zibe nezimpawu ezintsha ngenxa yokuvuvukala emzimbeni wazo wonke. Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi i-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) .

Cabanga ngendodana/indodakazi yakho ibe ngcono ngemva kokuthola i-COVID, kodwa ngemva kwamasonto amabili noma amathathu ngokuzumayo iba nomkhuhlane, ikhale ngobuhlungu besisu, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba... Bese kufanele ucabange nge-`(MIS-C)`. Lokhu kungabangela umkhuhlane, futhi ingane ingase ibukeke igula kakhulu. Kungathinta nezinhlelo ezahlukene zomzimba, njengenhliziyo, amaseli egazi, imithambo yegazi, isikhumba, amehlo, kanye nohlelo lokugaya ukudla.

Izici ezivame kakhulu ze-`(MIS-C)` yilezi:

• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Uhudo
• Ukuhlanza
• Izilonda zesikhumba
• Amehlo abomvu (njengalapho ungalali ngokwanele)
• Isiyezi

`(MIS-C)` yisimo esibi kakhulu esingabangela ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba uma singelashwa ngokushesha. Kodwa, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lokhu akuvamile kakhulu , futhi izingane eziningi ziyalulama ngokuphelele ngemva kokuthola ukwelashwa. Ngakho-ke ungesabi, kodwa bona udokotela ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu.

Ngakho-ke iyini le "COVID Ende"?

Ah... lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abakhuluma ngayo. Abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu isikhathi eside (ngokuvamile isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga) ngemva kokululama ku-COVID-19. Lesi simo sibizwa nangokuthi i-COVID yesikhathi eside noma 'isimo sangemva kwe-COVID-19' .

Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zimpawu zingaqala ngokushesha, kodwa ngokumangazayo, abanye abantu bangaziveza kamuva, ngisho noma sebeluleme ngokuphelele ekuguleni, noma ngisho nakubantu abangenwe yileli gciwane abangenazo izimpawu.

Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezingabonakala ku-"Long COVID":

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani, akubonakali kwanele)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Izinkinga zokungalali noma zokulala
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane)
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo (abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi 'inkungu yobuchopho' , njengokungathi ikhanda lakho limbozwe inkungu)
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha namalunga
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile)
• Izinguquko ekunambithekeni kanye/noma ephunga (ezinye izinto zinambitheka ngendlela ehlukile)

Lokhu kuyinkinga yengqondo kwabanye abantu, ngoba bacabanga ukuthi, "Kungani ngingazizwa kahle?" Kodwa lesi yisimo sangempela, futhi odokotela basacwaninga ngalokhu.

Bekungeke yini kube kuhle ukwazi ukuthi i-Covid-19 isakazeka kanjani?

Impela! Ukwazi ukuthi lesi sifo sisakazeka kanjani kwenza kube lula ngathi ukuthola izindlela zokuzivikela kuso. Igciwane elithi `(SARS-CoV-2)` lisakazeka kakhulu emoyeni . Njengomusi, lapho umuntu ebhema ugwayi, umusi usakazeka nakubantu abaseduze kwakhe.

Kungasakazeka kubantu abangenwe yileli gciwane, okusho labo abanezimpawu, kuye kwabanye, ngisho nalabo abangenazo izimpawu . Lapho umuntu onegciwane ephefumula, ekhuluma, ehlabelela, ehleka, ethimula, noma ekhwehlela, izinhlayiya ezincane zegciwane (amaconsi nama-aerosol) zikhishwa emoyeni. Lokhu kungangena ekhaleni, emlonyeni, noma emehlweni omunye umuntu, noma kungaphefumulwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinhlayiya zingahlala emoyeni imizuzu kuya emahoreni, zihamba ngemisinga yomoya. Kodwa-ke, ingozi enkulu yilapho abantu besondelene, bechitha isikhathi esiningi ndawonye, ​​bebuthana ngaphakathi endlini (okungukuthi, ngaphakathi emakhaya, emahhovisi), futhi isikhala sangaphakathi sibonakala singenawo umoya omuhle . Yingakho kubalulekile ukugcina amafasitela neminyango ivuliwe.

Enye indlela ukuthi abantu bangangenwa yileli gciwane ngokuthinta indawo enegciwane (isibonelo, isibambo somnyango, itafula) bese bethinta ikhala, umlomo, noma amehlo abo. Kodwa-ke, kuthiwa le ndlela yokusabalala incane kakhulu kunasemoyeni .

Odokotela basabheka ezinye izindlela igciwane elingasakazeka ngazo. Leli gciwane litholakale ezintweni ezifana nendle, izinyembezi, kanye nesidoda, kodwa akukaqinisekiswa ukuthi lingasakazeka ngazo. Alisakazeki ngokudla noma ngamanzi . Akuvamile ukuthi lisakazeke lisuka kubantu liye ezilwaneni, kodwa ingozi yokuthi igciwane lisakazeke lisuka ezifuyweni liye kubantu ibonakala iphansi kakhulu. Ingozi yokuthi igciwane lidluliselwe kumama okhulelwe onegciwane liye enganeni yakhe esibelethweni nayo iphansi.

Ingabe i-COVID-19 iyingozi ezinganeni? Njengabazali, kudingeka siqaphele lokhu.

Lona umbuzo abazali abaningi abanawo. Eqinisweni, izingane zinamathuba afanayo okuthola leli gciwane njengabantu abadala. Kodwa izingane zivame ukuba nezimpawu ezincane, ngezinye izikhathi ezingenazo nhlobo izimpawu.. Lokho kuyaduduza. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane zinezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu (njengesimo `(MIS-C)` esikhulume ngaso ngaphambili), futhi ngokudabukisayo, ezinye izingane zishone ngenxa ye-COVID-19. Ngakho-ke akunakuthathwa kalula ngokuphelele.

I-COVID-19 ngezinye izikhathi ingaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-myocarditis, okuwukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo. Ezinganeni, izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ukukhathala, ukuphelelwa umoya, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubuhlungu besisu . Iningi lezingane liyalulama ngokuphelele ku-myocarditis, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba kubi kakhulu futhi kubangele umonakalo wesikhathi eside enhliziyweni.

Okunye ukuthi odokotela baqaphele ukuthi phakathi nalolu bhubhane, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuqubuka kwe-COVID-19, inani eliphezulu lezingane kunokuvamile liye latholakala linesifo sikashukela . Kuye kwaba nokwanda okufanayo kwenani lamacala e-POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome) , isimo lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuba ngokushesha ngendlela engavamile lapho umi. Izizathu zalokhu kuhlangana azikaqondakali ngokugcwele, kodwa kwenziwa ucwaningo olwengeziwe ukuze kuphenywe ngalokhu.

I-COVID-19 yelashwa kanjani uma ugula?

Kulungile, manje ake sibheke ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma uthola i-COVID-19. Iningi labantu abanezimpawu ezincane, okuhlanganisa nezingane, abadingi ukwelashwa okukhethekile . Ngokuvamile:

• Ukuphumula kahle
• Ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi (njengamanzi, iphalishi, ijusi yezithelo)
• Uma unomkhuhlane, thatha imithi yokwehlisa umkhuhlane (njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalile).

Lezi zinto zibenza bazizwe bejabule.

Kodwa-ke, ezinye izingane ezisengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu nge-COVID-19 (isibonelo, izingane ezinezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona) zingase zinikezwe imithi yokulwa namagciwane ukuze zingaguli kakhulu futhi zidingeke zilaliswe esibhedlela. Le mithi kufanele inqunywe udokotela.

Abanye abantu abanezimpawu ezinzima bangadinga ukwelashwa esibhedlela, mhlawumbe egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) . Lapho, odokotela bangabaqapha eduze, babanike umoya-mpilo uma kudingeka, babanike uketshezi lwe-IV , futhi baphathe noma yiziphi izinkinga. Akuvamile ukuthi kunikezwe imithi yokulwa namagciwane noma ama-steroid . Abantu abanobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula bangadinga ukuxhunywa emshinini wokuphefumula (obizwa ngokuthi i-ventilator ).

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ingane yami inezimpawu ze-COVID-19? Yini okufanele ngiyenze ngaphandle kokwethuka?

Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ze-COVID-19, i-"MIS-C" esikhulume ngayo ngaphambilini, noma ingazizwa kahle noma iziphethe ngendlela engavamile, ungesabi, futhi nakanjani khuluma nodokotela womndeni wakho noma udokotela wezingane .

Tshela udokotela uma ingane yakho isanda kuba nomuntu one-COVID-19, noma uma ihlala noma iye yaya endaweni lapho lesi sifo sisakazeke khona. Udokotela angabe esenquma ukuthi ingane yakho kufanele:

• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlolwa ukutheleleka (`(ukuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19)`)?
• Ngingayilapha ekhaya?
• Uyafuna ukuza kudokotela?
• Ngingathola iseluleko ngocingo lwevidiyo noma ngesevisi yezempilo yocingo ?

Uma ingane yakho inezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo, yiyise esibhedlela noma ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha. Lezi kungaba izimpawu zesimo esibucayi:

* Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ukuqina kwesifuba lapho uphefumula)

* Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu

* Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ingcindezi

* Udidekile futhi akakwazi ukuqonda okushiwoyo (ukungakhulumi ngendlela efanele ubudala, inkumbulo engasebenzi kahle)

* Ubunzima bokuhlala uphapheme (ukozela kakhulu)

* Uma izindebe zakho noma ubuso bakho bubonakala buluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka lezi zimpawu.

Yini enye okudingeka ngiyazi ukuze ngihlale ngiphephile ku-COVID? (Izindlela zokuvimbela)

Kuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza lezi zinto ezilula ukuze uhlale uphephile kunoma yiliphi igciwane, hhayi i-COVID-19 kuphela. Ukwenza lokhu kube yingxenye yenqubo yethu yansuku zonke kuyinto enkulu.

• Geza izandla zakho kahle futhi kaningi . Hlikihla izandla zakho ndawonye ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engama-20. Uma insipho namanzi kungekho, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esiqukethe okungenani u-60% wotshwala.
• Gwema abantu ababonakala begula, bekhwehlela, noma benomkhuhlane ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Gcina izinto ezivame ukuthintwa (njengezibambo zeminyango, amakhawunta, amatafula, amafoni, amaswishi okukhanyisa) zihlanzekile ngokuzisula ngoketshezi lokubulala amagciwane okungenani kanye ngosuku, uma kungenzeka.
• Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, vala umlomo nekhala lakho ngethishu noma ingaphakathi lendololwane yakho.
• Kusewumkhuba omuhle ukugqoka imaski yobuso uma uya ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi nezingenawo umoya owanele.

Ngingalutholaphi ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nolwazi lwakamuva mayelana ne-COVID-19?

Ulwazi lushintsha njalo ngezifo eziwubhubhane ezinjengalezi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthola ulwazi emithonjeni ethembekile. Ungahlola iwebhusayithi ye-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kanye newebhusayithi ye-World Health Organization (WHO) . Futhi, qaphela izimemezelo ezikhishwe uMnyango Wezempilo ezweni lakini.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele sizithathe ekhaya kule ndaba

Nokho, sesikhulume kakhulu nge-COVID-19, akunjalo? Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu engifuna ukukutshela yona ukuthi i-COVID-19 iyinto engase ibe phakathi kwethu. Ngakho into ebalulekile akusikho ukwethuka, kodwa ukwenza ngokuhlakanipha.

Khumbula:

* Ukugonywa ngendlela efanele nangesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungakuvikela wena, umndeni wakho kanye nomphakathi.

* Qaphela izimpawu . Uma ubona noma yini engavamile, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.

* Khathalela kakhulu ukuphepha kwezingane . Qaphela izimpawu nezimo zazo ezifana ne-`(MIS-C)`.

* Ungakhohlwa ngokuhlanzeka . Izinto ezilula njengokugeza izandla zakho zingakunikeza isivikelo esikhulu.

Ngokulandela lezi zinto, singahlala siphilile futhi sivikelekile hhayi kuphela ku-COVID-19, kodwa nakwezinye izifo eziningi. Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

` [I-Covid-19, i-COVID-19, ubhubhane, izimpawu, impilo yezingane, ukugoma, ukuvimbela, amathiphu ezempilo]