Ngaba unyana wakho akahlali ndaweni inye? Ngaba uhlala evuka aze ahambe eklasini, kwaye ngaba utitshala uhlala ekhalaza ngokuba uphazamisa abanye abantwana? Kuyafana nasekhaya, akahlali ndaweni inye ngelixa esitya, uhlala ebaleka aze atsibe... Ngamanye amaxesha unokucinga, 'Ububi balo mntwana bugqithisile.' Ngaba obu bububi obuqhelekileyo, okanye yimeko ekufuneka siyinike ingqalelo? Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ngokwezonyango, esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, okanye i-ADHD ngamafutshane.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ADHD?
I-ADHD yenye yezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo zempilo yengqondo ezibonwa ebuntwaneni. Yimeko enxulumene nophuhliso kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo, kwaye ayilotyala lomntwana okanye lomzali. Kubalulekile ukuyiqonda le nto kuqala.
Uphando lubonise ukuba esi sifo sixhaphake kabini kumakhwenkwe kunamantombazana. Ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba ukuba yinkwenkwe kunokuba ngunobangela we-ADHD. Ezinye zikholelwa ukuba amantombazana awanalo ithuba lokufunyaniswa ukuba anesifo kuba iimpawu zawo azicacanga kwaye zinokuphoswa lula.
Iimpawu zahluke njani phakathi kwamakhwenkwe namantombazana?
Ewe, iimpawu ze-ADHD zihlala zahlukile ngokwesini. Eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu.
Abafana badla ngokubonakala ngokugqithisileyo . Oko kukuthi, bangabantu abakhohlakeleyo, abangazinziyo, abakwazi ukuhlala phantsi, baze benze nantoni na abavakalelwa kukuba bayenza (abangxamayo). Yiyo loo nto bebonakala lula njengabantu abangamkelekanga eklasini naseluntwini.
Kodwa ukuba amantombazana ane-ADHD, uninzi lwawo luba nobunzima bokunikel’ ingqalelo (Ukungakhathali). Oko kuthetha ukuba athule kakhulu, awakhathazi mntu eklasini, kodwa iingqondo zawo azikho ndawo. Ahlala elahlekile kwihlabathi lamaphupha.
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ukuze siqonde umahluko ngokucacileyo.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kumakhwenkwe (Ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo/ukungxama) | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kumantombazana (Ukungakhathali) |
|---|---|
| Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlala kwindawo enye. Ndisoloko ndidlala ngeminwe nemilenze yam. | Ingqwalasela ijika ngokulula. Nokuba ingxolo incinci kangakanani inokuphazamisa. |
| Andikwazi kulinda ithuba lam. Ndiyakuthiya kakhulu ukulinda emgceni. | Ndihlala ndiphupha emini. Andiva ukuba kufundiswa ntoni eklasini. |
| Bangena ngequbuliso kwiincoko nemidlalo yabanye abantu. | Kunzima ukulandela imiyalelo. Ukuba undixelela izinto ezininzi ngokulandelelana, andizukuzikhumbula. |
| Bazama ukuphendula umbuzo ngaphambi kokuba bagqibe nokuwubuza. | Andikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wam ngendlela ehlelekileyo. Idesika yam kunye negumbi lam zihlala zingcolile. |
| Ndisoloko ndibaleka, nditsiba, ndikhwela ezitulweni nasezitafileni. | Ndisoloko ndilibala izinto. Ndisoloko ndilahlekelwa ziincwadi, iipeni, kunye namaphepha emisebenzi yasekhaya. |
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku. Amanye amakhwenkwe asenokuba nokuthula nokungakhathali, ngelixa amanye amantombazana enokuba nomdla kakhulu. Ngoko ke ezi mpawu azibonakali kumntu wonke ngendlela efanayo.
Ungayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo i-ADHD?
Lo ngumsebenzi onzima kancinci. Kuba, eneneni, bonke abantwana, ingakumbi besebancinci, bayadideka, banengxaki yokuhlala begxile, kwaye abanalo ixesha elide lokuqwalasela. Ngoko ke kunokuba nzima kubazali ukwahlula phakathi kokudideka okuqhelekileyo kunye ne-ADHD.
Eyona nto iphambili kukuba ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zichaphazela kangakanani ubomi bomntwana bemihla ngemihla .
- Awukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo?
- Ngaba kunzima ukuhlalisana nabanye abantwana nokwenza abahlobo?
- Ngaba uhlala ubandakanyeka kwimisebenzi eyingozi?
Ukuba impendulo yale mibuzo 'nguewe', isenokuba yinto engaphezulu nje kwento nje yokuhlekisa.
Kutheni amantombazana engabonwa kangako?
Kusenokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku.
- Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza:Ngenxa yokuba amantombazana akhula ngokukhawuleza engqondweni nasemzimbeni kunamakhwenkwe, anokufumana iindlela zawo zokujongana nokulawula ezi mpawu.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Amantombazana nabafazi banamathuba amaninzi okuba neemeko ezifana nokuxhalaba okanye ukudakumba kunye ne-ADHD. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha usenokungayiboni imeko ye-ADHD aze anyange enye imeko kuphela.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ayinyangwa?
Ukuba i-ADHD ayifunyaniswa kwaye ayinyangwa, inokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwikamva lomntwana. Ingaphazamisa isikolo, ibangele iingxaki xa usebenza, kwaye ibangele iingxaki kubomi bosapho kunye nobudlelwane bentlalo .
Oku kunokuchaphazela ngakumbi amadoda, njengoko amadoda ngokubanzi engafuni ukuthetha ngeengxaki zawo zempilo njengabafazi okanye ukubona ugqirha. Ngenxa yoko, anokubandezeleka ubomi bawo bonke ngaphandle kokufumana unyango.
Amaxesha amaninzi, amantombazana ane-ADHD afunyaniswa ukuba anayo xa sele ekhulile. Abanye abantu bayazi ukuba bane-ADHD emva kokuba umntwana wabo efunyaniswe ukuba une-ADHD. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba abafazi abane-ADHD banamathuba amaninzi okubandezeleka kukudandatheka kunye nokungazithembi kunamadoda.
Ngoko ke senza ntoni? Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba umntwana wakho une-ADHD, eyona nto ilungileyo nekuphela kwayo onokuyenza kukuthetha nogqirha wabantwana okanye ugqirha wosapho ngale nto. Uza kuthumela umntwana wakho kwingcali ukuba kuyimfuneko.
I-ADHD ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa iimpawu zinokulawulwa ngempumelelo. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, umntwana unokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobonwabisayo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango:
1. Unyango Lokuziphatha: Le ndlela icetyiswa ngokukodwa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala. Apha, abazali bafundiswa indlela yokulawula ukuziphatha komntwana wabo. Umzekelo, ukwenza inkqubo yemihla ngemihla yomntwana, ukumncoma xa esenza umsebenzi olungileyo, nokuchaza ngokucacileyo imithetho.
2. Amayeza kunye nonyango lokuziphatha kunye: Kubantwana abadala, ezi ndlela zimbini zihlala zisetyenziswa kunye. Amayeza anceda ukulinganisela umsebenzi wobuchopho, ukuphucula ixesha lokunikel’ ingqalelo, kunye nokulawula ukungazinzi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqonda ukuba awuwedwa kolu hambo. Ugqirha wakho kunye nabanye oochwephesha bezempilo balapha ukukunceda wena nomntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayilotyala lomntwana okanye labazali. Yingxaki yokwenyani yempilo.
- Abafana banamathuba amaninzi okubonisa iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga, ngelixa amantombazana enamathuba amaninzi okubonisa iimpawu zokungakhathali.
- Ukuba ukuziphatha kakubi komntwana wakho kuchaphazela umsebenzi wakhe wesikolo, ubuhlobo bakhe, kunye nobomi bakhe bemihla ngemihla, musa ukuyityeshela loo nto njengesiqhelo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- Unyango olufanelekileyo (unyango lokuziphatha kunye/okanye amayeza) lunokulawula ngempumelelo iimpawu ze-ADHD kwaye lukhokele umntwana ukuba aphile ubomi obuphumelelayo.
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