Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuhlala ugxile? Ngaba uziva ungaphumli kwaye ungakwazi ukulawula umthwalo wakho womsebenzi? Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukunike amayeza ngenxa yezi mpawu. Okanye mhlawumbi umhlobo okanye isihlobo sakho sithatha amayeza ale meko. Ngaphambili, besicinga ukuba esi sisifo esichaphazela abantwana abancinci kuphela. Kodwa ngoku le meko ( i-attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - ADHD) ikwafunyanwa kubantu abadala. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza kuyo nako kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto.
Yintoni i-ADHD? Ngaba iyabachaphazela abantu abadala ngokwenene?
Ngamafutshane, i-ADHD yimeko ebangelwa lutshintsho kwindlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yethu. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima kumntu ukugcina ingqalelo, ukulawula ukungxama kwakhe, nokwenza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza.
Nangona kwakukade kucingwa ukuba kuxhomekeke ebuntwaneni, ngoku siyazi ukuba abantu abaninzi ababene-ADHD besebancinci bayaqhubeka nokuba nemiphumo yayo baze babe badala. Kwakhona, nangona kwakukade kucingwa ukuba kuchaphazela abafana kuphela, oogqirha ngoku bayaqonda ukuba amantombazana nabafazi nabo banale meko. Yingakho kubekho ukwanda kwenani labantu abadala, ingakumbi abafazi, abafuna unyango lwesi sifo.
Iyeza elinikiweyo loku kunye noko kubizwa ngokuba 'kukusetyenziswa gwenxa'
Uhlobo oluphambili lwamayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga i-ADHD zizikhuthazi, okanye oko sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Stimulants". Kula mayeza, udidi lwe-" Amphetamines " (njenge-Adderall kunye ne-Vyvanse) lusetyenziswa kakhulu. Xa ethathwa njengoko ugqirha eyalela, kwidosi echanekileyo kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, la mayeza ngokubanzi akhuselekile kwaye asebenza kakuhle.
Kodwa, ingxaki iqala xa ezi zinto 'zingasetyenziswa'. Kuthetha ukuthini oko?
- Ukusebenzisa eli yeza ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (mhlawumbi ngokubuza umhlobo).
- Ukuthatha ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselweyo (umzekelo, ukuthatha iipilisi ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngaxeshanye ukuze uhlolisise uvavanyo).
- Ukusebenzisa la mayeza ngeenjongo ezingezizo ezo zichazwe ngugqirha.
Uphononongo olukhulu lwakutshanje lufumanise ukuba malunga nomntu omdala omnye kwabane (1/4) abasebenzisa la mayeza bawasebenzisa kakubi. Ukongeza, malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi uba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Prescription Substance Use Disorder (PSUD)" esibangela iingxaki ebomini babo ngenxa yala mayeza.
"La mayeza"Akuyonto ingenamsebenzi ukuba zibekwe njengezinto ezilawulwayo, ezifumaneka kuphela ngomyalelo kagqirha. Zinokuba ngumlutha. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngale nto."
Umngcipheko wokulutha kunye neempawu eziyingozi
La mayeza anokuba yingozi emizimbeni nasezingqondweni zethu xa esetyenziswa gwenxa. Ukuba asetyenziswa ngeedosi eziphezulu, anokubangela iimeko ezinzulu, ezisongela ubomi ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesantya sentliziyo (i-arrhythmias), ukuxhuzula, okanye isifo sohlangothi. Ke ngoko, ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo usebenzisa la mayeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ezi mpawu ziyingozi.
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze sibone ukuba zithini iimpawu zokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kunye nokuxhomekeka kuzo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu zokulutha | Bachitha uninzi losuku lwabo bekhangela, besebenzisa, okanye bezama ukubaleka imiphumo yamayeza abo. Ukuba abawasebenzisi amayeza abo, baziva ngathi ubomi babo bonke buphazamisekile. |
| Iimpawu zokurhoxa | Izinto ezifana nokulala ixesha elide, ukudakumba okukhulu, ukucaphuka rhoqo, nokutya kakhulu. |
| Iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo zokusebenzisa i-overdose | Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuxhuzula, ukudideka okukhulu. Ukuba ubona into efana nale , ngoko nangoko zise kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane . |
Kutheni kunzima kangaka ukufumanisa i-ADHD?
Ukufumanisa i-ADHD kubantu abadala kunokuba nzima, njengoko iimpawu zinokufana nezinye izifo zengqondo. Umzekelo:
- Uxinzelelo
- Ixhala
- Ingxaki yoxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD)
- Ukusetyenziswa kwezinye iziyobisi
Ngoko ke, ugqirha ofanelekileyo unokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo i-ADHD emva kokuhlola zonke ezi zinto aze aqinisekise ukuba ezi mpawu bezikho kwasebuntwaneni. Ngoko ke, ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelana nogqirha ofanelekileyo, ingakumbi ugqirha wengqondo, ukuze akunike iingcebiso.
Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi kwaye usebenzise amayeza ngokukhuselekileyo?
Ayingabo bonke abantu abasebenzisa la mayeza abaya kuba ngamakhoboka awo. Kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.
1. Gcina ubudlelwane obuhle nogqirha wakho: Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha okunika amayeza akho. Ukuba ufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kumayeza, ukuba idosi ibonakala inganelanga, okanye ukuba ukhathazekile ngokuba likhoboka lawo, mxelele yonke into.
2. Sela amayeza akho ngaphambi kokuba aphele: Musa ukulinda de kube ngumzuzu wokugqibela ukuze uphinde uwasele amayeza akho ngaphambi kokuba aphele. Ukuba uphelelwa ngamayeza ngequbuliso, unokufumana iimpawu zokurhoxa kwaye uzive ungakhululekanga.
3. Kuphephe ukunika abanye amayeza akho: Musa ukunika abanye abantu amayeza akho nangasiphi na isizathu . Ayisiyiyo nje into engekho mthethweni, kodwa inokuba yingozi nakubomi baloo mntu.
4. Khusela ubumfihlo bakho: Musa ukuxelela wonke umntu ukuba usebenzisa olu hlobo lwamayeza. Ingakumbi phakathi kolutsha, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba bacele baze babelane ngamayeza phantsi kwempembelelo yabahlobo. Ngoko ke qaphela oku.
5. Cela uncedo: Ukuba uziva ngathi uneempawu zokulutha, nceda ungoyiki ukucela uncedo. Ungafumana uncedo kugqirha wakho, kugqirha wengqondo, okanye kwikliniki yengqondo kwisibhedlele sikarhulumente. Ungafumana neengcebiso ezisisiseko ngokufowunela iNational Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) ngo-1926 .
Khumbula, i-ADHD yimeko elawulekayo. Ukusebenzisa amayeza ngokukhuselekileyo, phantsi kweliso elifanelekileyo lezonyango, kunokwenza ubomi bakho bube lula kakhulu. Ingxaki ikukusetyenziswa gwenxa kunye nokulutha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD yimeko yokwenyani yezonyango echaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala.
- Izikhuthazi zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zikhuselekile xa zithathwa phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwale mithi ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha, ngeedosi eziphezulu, okanye ngezinye iinjongo kunokukhokelela ekubeni likhoboka kunye neengxaki zempilo ezinzulu.
- Musa ukwabelana ngamayeza akho nabanye abantu. Kwakhona, musa ukuboleka amayeza kwabanye abantu uze uwasebenzise.
- Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba unengxaki yokulutha, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.Ukucela uncedo luphawu lwamandla.
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