Ngaba kukho umntu osondeleyo kuwe one-Asperger's Syndrome? Makhe sithethe ngayo!

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva igama elithi 'Asperger's Syndrome'. Mhlawumbi uyakhumbula umhlobo, ilungu losapho, okanye umntu omaziyo enale meko. Kodwa ubusazi, oogqirha abasasebenzisi eli gama kakhulu. Endaweni yoko, basebenzisa igama elahlukileyo. Makhe sithethe ngalo ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni i-'Asperger's Syndrome'? Kwenzeka ntoni ngoku?

Ngamafutshane, ngaphambi kowama-2013, oogqirha babesebenzisa igama elithi 'Asperger's Syndrome' njengolunye uhlobo lwe-autism. Oko kukuthi, ngelo xesha, kwakucingelwa ukuba yimeko eyahlukileyo kancinci, mhlawumbi "ethambileyo" kune-autism. Nangona kunjalo, ngolwazi olutsha kwisayensi yezonyango, zombini 'Asperger' kunye 'ne-autism' ngoku zibekwe phantsi kodidi olufanayo olubanzi. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Autism Spectrum Disorder' ( ASD ). Ngoko ke, 'Asperger' ayisasetyenziswa njengoxilongo olwahlukileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu ababefunyaniswe beno-'Asperger' ngaphambili ngoku oogqirha babiza kubo 'njenge-autism yenqanaba lokuqala'. Oku kuthetha ukuba abadingi nkxaso ingako ukuze basebenze kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofanayo. Abanye abantu abane-Asperger's banokufuna inkxaso engaphezulu kunabanye. Ukuba wawufunyaniswe une-Asperger's ngaphambili, usenokuzibona une-Asperger's. Abanye abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "aspie" ukuchaza ubuwena babo. Akukho nto imbi ngaloo nto. Oogqirha batshintshe igama ngesizathu. Kukho uluhlu olubanzi lweempawu kunye nobuchule ngaphakathi kwe-autism spectrum. Ngoko ke, ukuxilongwa kwe-ASD kuguquguquka ngokwaneleyo ukunika inkxaso efanelekileyo kumntu ngamnye kwi-spectrum.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonakala kwi-'Asperger's'?

Xa yaqala ukuchongwa njenge-'Asperger', kwaqwalaselwa amaqela amathathu aphambili eempawu. Ezi ziimpawu ezifanayo ezibonakala ngoku kubantu abane-ASD, kodwa ubukhali bungahluka.

1. Ubunzima kubudlelwane bezentlalo

Okwenzekayo koku kukuba kuvela iingxaki ezincinci xa kusetyenzwa nabanye abantu kwaye kugcinwa ubudlelwane. Cinga ngale ndlela,

• Ubunzima bokujonga emehlweni: Usenokuba nengxaki yokungafuni okanye yokujongana emehlweni xa uthetha nomntu.
• Ubunzima bokusebenzisa imbonakalo yobuso kunye nolwimi lomzimba: Basenokungabi namdla kangako wokubonisa indlela abavakalelwa ngayo ngobuso babo, okanye ukuveza iingcinga zabo ngokusebenzisa izimbo zomzimba kunye nolwimi lomzimba.
• Ubunzima bokwakha ubudlelwane noontanga:Kungavakala kunzima ukwenza abahlobo, ukudlala nabo, nokuthetha nabo .
• Ukungabi namdla wokwabelana ngezinto abazithandayo nabanye: Basenokungabi namdla wokuxelela abanye ngethoyi abayithandayo okanye ikhathuni abayibukeleyo.
• Ubunzima bokuzibandakanya kwiincoko zoluntu, ezifana nokudibana nabantu rhoqo: Xa umntu ebuza umbuzo, unokuba nobunzima bokuwuphendula uze umbuze omnye umbuzo, uze uqhubeke nencoko.

2. Utshintsho kunxibelelwano

Ungabona umahluko kwindlela esithetha nesinxibelelana ngayo.

• Ubunzima bokuqalisa nokuqhubeka nencoko: Ukuqala incoko ngesihloko esithile okanye ukuqhubeka nencoko xa sele iqalile kunokuba ngumceli mngeni.
• Ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwamabinzana athile: Igama okanye ibinzana elifanayo linokuphindwa-phindwa. Lisenokuba ngumgca ovela kwinkqubo yeTV, okanye lisenokuba libinzana oziqambele lona.
• Ukungabikho komdlalo wokuzenzisa ofanele ubudala: Kusenokubakho ukwehla komdlalo wokuzenzisa , ofana "nokudlala njengogqirha" kunye "nokudlala esikolweni," njengabanye abantwana.

3. Izinto ezinomdla nezinokuziphatha ezilinganiselweyo, eziphindaphindwayo okanye ezingaqondakaliyo

Oku kuquka ukubonisa umdla omkhulu kwizinto ezithile, okanye ukuphinda-phinda iindlela ezithile zokuziphatha.

• Umdla ongaqhelekanga kwizihloko ezithile: Umzekelo, usenokuba nomdla wokwazi ngoololiwe, iidayinaso, okanye amanani, kwaye unokuba nomdla ngakumbi kuzo kunakwabanye.
• Kufuneka balandele iinkqubo ezingqongqo: Bacinga ukuba yonke into kufuneka yenziwe ngendlela efanayo, ngaxeshanye. Nokuba utshintsho oluncinci lunokuba nzima kubo.
• Iintshukumo eziphindaphindwayo (ukushukumisa): Ungenza izinto ezinje ngokuqhwaba izandla zakho, ukushukumisa iminwe yakho, ukushukuma usiya phambili nangasemva, okanye ukwenza ingxolo efanayo. Kuthiwa ezi zinto ziyabanceda bazole.
• Ukutsalwa zizinto zento: Usenokunika ingqalelo engakumbi kwinxalenye yento kunokujonga yonke into, njengokujonga amavili emoto yokudlala okanye ukubukela ifeni ijikeleza.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba zonke ezi mpawu zikhona kuzo zonke i-`( ASDAyinguye wonke umntu onaso oza kuba naso. Kwakhona, ubukhali bezi mpawu buyahluka kumntu nomntu.

Isifo sika-Asperger safunyanwa njani ngaphambili?

Ngokwencwadi yesikhokelo eyayisetyenziswa ngelo xesha, eyayibizwa ngokuba yi-"DSM-IV-TR" (le yinguqulelo endala ye-"DSM-V-TR"), umntu kwakufuneka ahlangabezane nazo zonke ezi ndlela zilandelayo ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba une-'Asperger's':

• Kufuneka kubekho ubuncinane iimpawu ezimbini ezivela kudidi lonxibelelwano lwentlalo.
• Ubuncinane uphawu olunye oluvela kudidi lwezinto ezinomdla kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezilinganiselweyo/eziphindaphindwayo/ezingafaniyo.
• Kusenokubakho nezinye izinto ezivela kudidi lonxibelelwano.
• Ezi mpawu zifanele zenze kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (efana nokufunda nokwenza abahlobo).
• Akunakubakho ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo (`izakhono zokuqonda`) okanye izakhono zokuziqhelanisa (`izakhono zokuziqhelanisa`).
• Akufuneki kubekho ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kolwimi kwangethuba (`iziganeko zolwimi zakuqala`). (Oko kukuthi, kufuneka bakwazi ukuthetha igama elinye xa beneminyaka emi-2 kunye nezivakalisi xa beneminyaka emi-3).
• Ayifikeleli kwiimfuneko zesinye isifo sophuhliso esixhaphakileyo okanye i-schizophrenia .

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga i-Asperger's besebancinci. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu baye baxilongwa sele bebadala. Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba ukwi-autism spectrum, akukabi lixesha lokuthetha nogqirha ngayo.

Ngaba kukho uvavanyo olwahlukileyo lwe-'Asperger's'?

Akusekho vavanyo luthile lwe-Asperger's. Akusekho vavanyo lokuxilongwa olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha. Usenokukwazi ukufumana "uvavanyo" kwi-intanethi olusekelwe kwimibuzo eyayisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ngaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukuxelela ukuba ulwazi abalunikayo luchaneke okanye luhlaziyiwe kangakanani. Ukuze ufumane icebiso elichanekileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha. Kule mihla, oogqirha babantwana bahlola abantwana abancinci i-ASD ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwabo. Xa usisa umntwana wakho ekliniki, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uya kukunika ifomu oza kuligcwalisa aze athethe nawe malunga nokuba yintoni ebangela loo nto. Ukuba babona iimpawu ze-ASD, baya kukuthumela kwingcali ukuze bavavanywe kwaye baxoxe ngakumbi.

Yintoni ebangela i-Asperger's (ngoku eyi-ASD)?

Iingcali azikayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-ASD, kodwa zikholelwa ukuba ibangelwa yindibaniselwano yemfuza kunye nezinto ezingqongileyo.Le meko iyenzeka. Zonke iimeko ezifana ne-Asperger's eziphantsi kwe-ASD zibizwa ngokuba ziingxaki zophuhliso lwe-neurodevelopmental. Ukuba nengxaki yophuhliso lwe-neurodevelopmental kuthetha ukuba kukho utshintsho oluthile kwindlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho . Olu tshintsho lunokwenza indlela ocinga ngayo, oziphatha ngayo, kunye nokunxibelelana ngayo nehlabathi elikungqongileyo yahluke kancinci kwabanye abantu.

Ngaba i-Asperger's genetic ixhomekeke kwi-genetic?

Ewe. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo ludlala indima enkulu ekuphuhlisweni kwe-ASD. Olu tshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo lunokudluliselwa rhoqo ukusuka kusapho ukuya kusapho (oko kukuthi, oluzuzwe njengelifa). Nangona kunjalo, nokuba akukho mntu kwintsapho une-ASD, umntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa usenokukhula olu tshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo.

Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga nonyango lwe-Asperger's (ASD)

I-ASD sisifo sengqondo, asisosifo. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha "abayinyangi". Endaweni yoko, bacebisa inkxaso kunye nonyango ukukunceda ulawule imingeni ojongene nayo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo, kwaye wena nogqirha wakho ningasebenzisana ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo. Umzekelo, unyango lokuthetha lunokunceda ukuphucula izakhono zonxibelelwano. Unyango lomsebenzi lunokukunceda wenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokunxiba nokutya. Uqeqesho lwezakhono zentlalo lunokukunceda uvumelane nabanye kwaye wenze abahlobo. Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza anokunikwa ukunceda ukulawula iingxaki zokuziphatha, kodwa awafanele wonke umntu. Nokuba amagama ezonyango ahluke kangakanani, unelungelo lokukhetha amagama ocinga ukuba angcono ukuchaza ukuba ungubani. Akukho bantu babini abane-'Asperger' okanye '(ASD)' abafanayo. Kanye njengokuba kungekho bantu babini abafanayo ngokubanzi. Ngoko ke, khetha ulwimi olukusebenzelayo. Ukuba umazi umntu one-'(ASD)', hlonipha ukhetho lwaloo mntu lokusebenzisa ulwimi.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Asperger's Syndrome ayiseyiyo into esetyenziswa ngoogqirha. Endaweni yoko, ngoku ifakiwe kudidi olubanzi lwe-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).
• Wonke umntu one-ASD wahlukile. Izakhono zakhe, imingeni yakhe, kunye neemfuno zakhe zahlukile.
• Nangona unobangela we-ASD ungekafunyanwa, kukholelwa ukuba izinto zemfuza kunye nokusingqongileyo zidlala indima.
• I-ASD ayisiyonto "enokunyangeka". Nangona kunjalo, ngenkxaso efanelekileyo, unyango, kunye nokuqonda, abantu abane-ASD banokuphila ubomi obuphumelelayo nobonwabisayo.
• Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneempawu ze-ASD,Kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Okukhona ibonwa kwangoko, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane uncedo olufunekayo.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubajonga ngokuqonda nangobubele abantu abane-ASD. Luxanduva lwethu ukuhlonipha umahluko wabo nokubaxhasa.

Ungalibali, awuwedwa. Zininzi iindlela zokufunda nge-ASD kunye nokufumana inkxaso. Ungoyiki ukuyihlola.

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I-Asperger's, i-autism, i-ASD, iingxaki zophuhliso lwe-neurodevelopmental, izakhono zentlalo, ubunzima bonxibelelwano, uphuhliso lomntwana