Ngaba ukubhala komntwana wakho kungcolile kakhulu? Ngaba ubhala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo nangobukhulu obahlukeneyo? Mhlawumbi unqena kakhulu ukubhala. Kodwa isizathu sako konke oku sisenokungabi bubuvila okanye ukwenza izinto ezimbi komntwana. Mhlawumbi isizathu sale nto kukukhubazeka kokufunda okubizwa ngokuba yi- 'Dysgraphia '. Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-dysgraphia?
I-Dysgraphia sisifo sokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Enyanisweni, sisifo semithambo-luvo . Sichaphazela iinkqubo zobuchopho kunye nezakhono zomzimba ezifunekayo ukuze kubhalwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana unobunzima bokubhala phantsi oko kusengqondweni yakhe nokukubhala ngokucacileyo ephepheni. Kwezinye iimeko, sikwachaphazela nokukwazi ukubiza nokupela amagama ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukubhala ngokucacileyo nangokuchanekileyo yenye yezinto ezilindelekileyo kumntwana esikolweni. Ngoko ke xa olu buchule lungafumaneki, lunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimfundo yomntwana.
Ngaba iDysgraphia kunye neDyslexia ziyafana?
Ewe, nangona zombini ezi zinto zibangela iingxaki zokufunda, kukho umahluko phakathi kwazo zombini.
- I-Dyslexia : Kule meko, ingxaki umntwana anayo kukufumanisa ubunzima ekubhaleni iileta okanye amagama abhaliweyo. Le yingxaki yokufunda.
- I-Dysgraphia: Ingxaki apha kukuba kunzima ukubhala phantsi iingcamango engqondweni yakho njengamagama ephepheni. Oko kukuthi, yingxaki yokubhala.
Cinga ngale ndlela: i-dyslexia ifana nokungakwazi ukufunda imaphu edwetshwe ngomnye umntu. I-Dysgraphia ifana nokungakwazi ukuzizobela imaphu ngokwakho. Abanye abantwana banokuba nenye yezi meko zimbini, kodwa abanye abantwana banokuba nazo zombini.
Ngaba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-autism kunye ne-ADHD?
I-Dysgraphia sisifo sokukhubazeka ekufundeni. I-Autism, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi -Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), yimeko eyahlukileyo. Ichaphazela kakhulu unxibelelwano kunye nokusebenzisana nabantu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba izakhono zolwimi ziyachaphazeleka, umntwana one-autism usenokuba ne-dysgraphia. I-Dysgraphia ikwaxhaphakile kubantwana abane -attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) .
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-dysgraphia?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-dysgraphia. Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana unokuba neentlobo ezingaphezu kwenye kwezi. Makhe sijonge nje ukuba zeziphi ezi.
| Uhlobo lwe-dysgraphia | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Dyslexic Dysgraphia | Okwenzekayo kweli tyala kukuba uyakwazi ukubiza amagama ngokuchanekileyo xa uthetha, kodwa xa ubhala, wenza iimpazamo kwaye upelo lwakho ludla ngokuba luphosakele. Nangona kunjalo, indlela obhala ngayo isenokuba icace kancinci. |
| I-Motor Dysgraphia | Oku kunxulumene ngqo nomsebenzi wesandla. Kunzima ukubamba ipeni/ipensile ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukubhala kakuhle. Umbhalo wesandla ungcolile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, amagama anokubizwa (apelwe) ngokuchanekileyo ngomlomo. |
| I-Spatial Dysgraphia | Aba bantwana abaqondi indlela yokubhala ngezithuba phakathi koonobumba namagama. Kunzima ukubhala kakuhle kwirula. Le ngxaki ikwavela xa ukhuphela into kwenye indawo. Aba bantwana banokuba nobunzima bokuzoba. |
| I-Dysgraphia yeFonological | Ingxaki ngaba bantwana kukuba banengxaki yokudibanisa isandi segama nonobumba ohambelanayo (upelo). Nangona bekwazi ukubhala amagama abawaziyo, banengxaki yokubhala amagama amatsha, angaqhelekanga. |
| I-Lexical Dysgraphia | Nangona benokubhala amagama anemithetho elula, aba bantwana abakwazi ukubhala amagama anzima akhiwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Umzekelo, abakwazi ukubhala izikhundla ezifanelekileyo zoonobumba abanjengo '', '', '', ''. |
Yintoni ebangela i-dysgraphia?
Isizathu esichanekileyo sale meko ebantwaneni asikaziwa okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abadala, ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka emva komonakalo wengqondo, njengestroke. Kubantwana, idla ngokuvela kunye nezinye iingxaki zokufunda, ezifana ne-ADHD kunye ne-dyslexia.
Zeziphi iimpawu esinokuzibona?
Abazali nootitshala baqaphela ezi mpawu kuphela xa umntwana eqala ukubhala esikolweni. Jonga ukuba umntwana wakho unayo na kwezi mpawu.
- Umbhalo wesandla awucacanga kwaye awungqinelani (umz., igama elifanayo libhalwe ngomxube woonobumba abancinci nabakhulu, oonobumba abakekeleyo nabathe nkqo).
- Xa ndibhala, ndibhala ngononophelo olukhulu . Kundithatha ixesha elide ukukopa into ebhodini.
- Bayibamba ngokuqinileyo ipensele , ngoko ke bathi izandla zabo zibuhlungu emva kokubhala okwethutyana.
- Isithuba esikwiphepha asisetyenziswanga kakuhle . Kunzima ukubhala phakathi kweerula ezimbini kwaye ngaphakathi kwemida.
- Ndisoloko ndicima xa ndibhala.
- Ubungakanani besithuba phakathi koonobumba namagama abufani.
- Upelo aluchanekanga kakhulu . Ngamanye amaxesha amagama awagqitywanga, okanye amagama okanye oonobumba bayashiywa.
- Xa bebhala, babamba umzimba okanye intloko ngendlela engaqhelekanga , okanye babhala iphepha lijikeleziswe ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
- Kunzima ukucinga nokubhala ngaxeshanye . Ngoko ke xa ucelwa ukuba ubhale into enobuchule efana nesincoko, kuba nzima kakhulu.
Ungayixilonga njani le meko?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphanda le ngxaki endaweni yokugxeka umntwana ngokubhala kwakhe okungacacanga, ucinga ukuba kungenxa yobuvila .
Inyathelo lokuqala kukubona ugqirha wezilwanyana ukuze ahlole naziphi na ezinye iimeko zomzimba ezinokuthi zichaphazele ukubhala kwakho.
Emva koko, ingcali yezengqondo okanye ingcali yezemfundo eqeqeshwe kwimiba yokufunda iya kugqiba ukuba le yi-dysgraphia na. Ungacela uncedo kwingcali yezengqondo kwisikolo somntwana ukuze ufumane oku.
Ingcali iza kunika umntwana iimvavanyo ezininzi ezilinganisa ubuchule bokubhala kunye nezifundo. Umzekelo,
- Bavumele babhale amagama nezivakalisi.
- Bakhangela into ethile kwaye bakuvumela ukuba uyikopishe.
- Ikuxelela ukuba wenze into ethile ngeminwe yakho okanye ujikelezise isihlakala sakho ngendlela ethile.
Ngeli xesha, ingcali ihlola indlela umntwana abambe ngayo ipeni, ukuma komzimba, isantya sokubhala, kunye nomgangatho womsebenzi ogqityiweyo.
Ndinganceda njani njengomzali?
Akukho "nyango" luthile lwe-dysgraphia. Kodwa zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukunceda umntwana nokumfundisa ukuphila ngempumelelo nale meko. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuyibona kwangethuba size sinike umntwana inkxaso ayidingayo.
| Iindlela zokunceda umntwana | |
|---|---|
| Izinto onokuzenza ekhaya | |
| Izixhobo zokubhala | Sebenzisa iincwadi ezineerula ezibanzi, iincwadi zerula ezisikwere, okanye amaphepha anemigca ephakanyisiweyo. Sebenzisa izinto ezifana 'nezibambo zepensile' ozibeka kwipensile yakho. |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji | Fundisa umntwana wakho ukubhala kwikhompyutha endaweni yokubhala ngesandla. Mfundise ukubhala kwangethuba. |
| Ukhuthazo oluhle | Musa ukumgxeka umntwana wakho ngomsebenzi ongcolileyo. Endaweni yoko, mncome ngemizamo yakhe. Mkhuthaze ngendlela eyakhayo. Thetha naye ngale meko kwaye umenze aqonde ukuba ayilotyala lakhe. |
| Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo | Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukubhala, yenza izinto ezilula ezifana nokushukumisa izandla zakho ngokukhawuleza, ukuzihlikihla, okanye ukucinezela ibhola yoxinzelelo ukuze uqinise izihlunu zezandla zakho. |
| Iingenelo ezifumaneka esikolweni | |
| Ukuthetha notitshala | Thetha notitshala ngemeko kunye neemfuno zomntwana wakho. Umntwana wakho angafanelekela iinkonzo zemfundo ekhethekileyo okanye ezinye izibonelelo ezikhethekileyo (ezifana neNkqubo yeMfundo yoMntu ngamnye). |
| Uncedo olunokucelwa |
|
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Dysgraphia ayilovila okanye impazamo yomntwana. Yimeko yokwenyani yempilo enxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuchonga nokulungisa iingxaki zokubhala zomntwana kwasekuqaleni.
- Nangona kungekho unyango oluthile loku, ngenkxaso efanelekileyo, amaqhinga, kunye nezibonelelo ezivela esikolweni, umntwana unokuqhubeka nokufunda ngempumelelo.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, qala ngokuqhagamshelana nogqirha wosapho lwakho, uze umthumele kwingcali efanelekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqonda nokunceda umntwana, ungamthethisi.
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