Ngaba amathambo akho aya eba buthathaka imihla ngemihla? Masifunde nge-osteoporosis!

Ngaba wakha wawa waza waphuka ingalo okanye umlenze? Okanye ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uqaphele ukuba uya uncipha njengoko ukhula? Mhlawumbi isizathu sezi zinto lutshaba oluthuleyo esingathethi kakhulu ngalo, kodwa oluchaphazela abantu abaninzi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolo tshaba luthuleyo, oluyi- osteoporosis .

Yintoni i-Osteoporosis?

Ngamafutshane, i-osteoporosis sisifo esenza amathambo akho abe buthathaka. Oku kubangela ukuba amathambo akho abe mancinci kunokuba kufanele abe njalo kwaye ubuninzi bawo bunciphe. Kufana nezitena ezisetyenziselwa ukwakha udonga zibe zimbobo kwaye udonga lube buthathaka. Ngoko ke xa oku kusenzeka, amathuba okuba amathambo aqhekeke aphezulu kakhulu.

Ngokwesiqhelo, amathambo ethu aqinile kwaye aqinile. Angaxhasa ubunzima bomzimba wethu aze afunxe umonakalo obangelwa kukuwa okuncinci kunye nokukrweleka. Kodwa njengoko sikhula, amathambo ethu ngokwendalo alahlekelwa bubuninzi bawo kwaye isantya sokulungiswa kwawo siyancipha. Ukuba une-osteoporosis, amathambo akho abuthathaka ngakumbi kunesiqhelo.

Abantu abaninzi abazi ukuba bane-osteoporosis de baphuke ithambo. Nangona naliphi na ithambo linokwaphuka, lidla ngokuchaphazela:

• Isisu sakho siyaphuka.
• Amathambo esihlathini.
• Ithambo lomqolo eliqhekekileyo.

Ukuba ugqirha ufumanisa i-osteoporosis kwangethuba, ungawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka kwamathambo. Ngoko ke, ingakumbi ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 , ukhe waqhekeka amathambo emva kweminyaka engama-50, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-osteoporosis, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuhlolwa kobunzima bamathambo akho.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, oku kuqheleke kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Kwilizwe elifana neMelika, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-50 baphila ne-osteoporosis. Le meko iyanda naseSri Lanka, ngakumbi njengoko abantu abadala besanda.

I-Osteoporosis ixhaphakile kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Iingcali zithi omnye kubafazi ababini kunye nomnye kumadoda amane angaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala banokuba ne-osteoporosis. Cinga nje ukuba bangaphi abantu obaziyo abanokuba nale meko.

Izifundo zifumanise ukuba malunga nesithathu sabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 abangekabi nayo i-osteoporosis banomlinganiselo othile wokuncipha koxinano lwamathambo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-I-Osteopenia. I-Osteopenia yimeko ebonisa iimpawu zokuqala ze-osteoporosis. Ukuchaneka, ifana nokukhanya okubomvu. Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, imeko ye-osteopenia inokujika ibe yi-osteoporosis.

Zithini iimpawu ze-Osteoporosis?

Njengezifo ezininzi, i-osteoporosis ayinazo iimpawu ezicacileyo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha beyibiza ngokuba "sisifo esingathethiyo."

Awunakuziva okanye ukubona nantoni na, ngoko ke baxelele ukuba une-osteoporosis. Ukuba awunantloko ibuhlungu, umkhuhlane, okanye isisu esibuhlungu, baxelele ukuba kukho into engalunganga emzimbeni wakho.

"Impawu" eziphambili zoku kukwaphuka kwethambo ngequbuliso . Oku kunokwenzeka, ingakumbi xa uwe kancinci, okanye ngengozi encinci edla ngokungabangeli monakalo. Khawucinge nje, nokuba ungakhubeka kancinci xa uvuka esitulweni, okanye nokuba ungangqubana nocango, ungaphuka ingalo okanye umlenze.

Nangona i-osteoporosis isenokungabangeli zimpawu, ungaphawula utshintsho oluthile olubonisa ukuba amathambo akho ayaphelelwa ngamandla kwaye axinene. Ezi ziimpawu ezilumkisayo ze-osteoporosis:

• Usenokulahlekelwa yi-intshi enye okanye ngaphezulu yobude bakho. Oku kungenzeka kancinci kancinci, ngoko usenokungakuboni kwangoko.
• Utshintsho kwindlela ome ngayo ngokwesiqhelo (ukugoba phambili, ukugoba). Abanye abantu bathi "ukugoba", into efana naleyo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuba umqolo wakho ucinezelwe kwaye amandla emiphunga yakho anciphile).
• Intlungu emqolo esezantsi (intlungu kumqolo wakho we-lumbar). Musa ukucinga ukuba oku kubuhlungu nje emqolo, ingakumbi ukuba akukho sizathu simbi.

Usenokukufumanisa kunzima ukubona utshintsho emzimbeni wakho. Kunokuba lula kumntu osondeleyo kuwe okanye kusapho lwakho ukuba aqaphele olu tshintsho (ingakumbi ubude okanye ukuma komzimba). Nangona abanye abantu behlekisa ngokuthi "uyancipha" njengoko ukhula, oku kunokuba luphawu lokuba kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze ahlolwe amathambo.

Kutheni i-osteoporosis isenzeka?

I-Osteoporosis ikhula njengoko ukhula, xa amandla amathambo akho okwenza amatsha nokuzilungisa ehla.

Amathambo ethu zizicubu eziphilayo, njengayo yonke imizimba yethu. Nangona kusenokungabonakali kunjalo, ahlala ehlaziya iiseli zawo kunye nezicubu zawo ubomi bethu bonke. Cinga ngako njengokuhlaziya indlu endala. Ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-30 ubudala , imizimba yethu yakha amathambo amaninzi kunokuba ilahlekelwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba ibhanki yamathambo iyakhula. Kodwa emva kweminyaka engama-35 ubudala, izinga lokuqhekeka kwamathambo lidlula izinga lokwakheka kwamathambo amatsha. Oku kunciphisa kancinci kancinci ubunzima bamathambo. Kufana nokuthatha imali ebhankini ngokukhawuleza kwaye unciphise inani lemali oyifakileyo.

Ukuba une-osteoporosis, ubunzima bamathambo akho buphela ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo. Abafazi balahlekelwa bubunzima bamathambo ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi emva kokuya exesheni , kuba ukwehla kwehomoni ye-estrogen kuchaphazela amathambo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuba ne-osteoporosis?

Nabani na unokuba nesifo se-osteoporosis, kodwa amaqela athile anokuba naso. Oku kuquka:

• Nabani na oneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala. Lo mngcipheko uyanda njengoko ukhula.
• Abafazi, ingakumbi emva kokuya exesheni. Sele sithethe ngale nto ngaphambili.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-osteoporosis (isifo esidluliselwa ngelifa). Ukuba umama wakho, utata, okanye abantakwenu babenale meko, nawe usenokuba sengozini.
• Abantu ababhityileyo ngokwemvelo, "abaneefreyimu ezincinci." Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu ababhityileyo ngokubanzi abanamathambo amaninzi, ngoko ke nokulahlekelwa kancinci kuyabachaphazela ngakumbi.
• Abantu abatshayayo nabasebenzisa iimveliso zecuba. Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu emathanjeni.

Ezinye izifo zinokwandisa umngcipheko.

Ezinye iimeko zempilo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-osteoporosis. Umzekelo:

• Iingxaki ze-endocrine: Nasiphi na imeko echaphazela amadlala e-parathyroid, i-thyroid gland, kunye nama-hormone (umz., isifo se-thyroid, isifo seswekile).
• Izifo zesisu: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana nesifo seCeliac kunye nesifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD) zinokubangela ukuba umzimba ungafumani izondlo ngokufanelekileyo.
• Iingxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba ezichaphazela amathambo: ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis okanye i-ankylosing spondylitis.
• Iingxaki zegazi: Okanye umhlaza ochaphazela igazi, umzekelo, i-multiple myeloma.

Amanye amayeza kunye notyando nazo zinemingcipheko.

Umngcipheko we-osteoporosis unokwanda ngokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza athile okanye utyando oluthile:

• Iziyobisi zomchamo:(Amayeza anciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye asuse ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni).
• IiCorticosteroids: (Amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa kukudumba ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-arthritis). Ezi ziyingozi ngakumbi xa zisetyenziswa ixesha elide.
• Amanye amayeza okunyanga isifo sokuwa.
• Utyando lokunciphisa umzimba (utyando lweBariatric).
• Unyango lwehomoni lomhlaza (lomhlaza webele okanye umhlaza weprostate).
• Ii-Anticoagulants (amayeza athintela ukujiya kwegazi).
• Izithinteli zempompo yeproton ( amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-asidi, njenge-gastritis; ezi zinokuchaphazela ukufunxwa kwe-calcium).

Kwakhona kufuneka ujonge ukutya kwakho kunye nokuzilolonga.

Ukutya kwakho kunye nemikhwa yakho yokuzilolonga ikwachaphazela uphuhliso lwe-osteoporosis. Ezi zizinto esinokuzilawula:

• Ukungafumani i-calcium okanye i-vitamin D eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwakho. I-calcium yeyona nto iphambili emathanjeni. I-Vitamin D inceda umzimba ukuba ufunxe i-calcium.
• Ukungazilolongi ngokwaneleyo. Xa ungazilolongi, amathambo akho aba buthathaka.
• Ukusela rhoqo (ngaphezu kwesibini ngemini).

## Ifunyaniswa njani i-Osteoporosis?

Ugqirha uxilonga i-osteoporosis ngokwenza uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo . Olu vavanyo lulinganisa amandla amathambo akho. Lusebenzisa i-X-ray ukulinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-calcium kunye nezinye iiminerali ezisemathanjeni akho.

Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha babiza olu vavanyo loxinano lwamathambo ngokuthi yi-DEXA scan , i-DXA scan, okanye i-bone density scan. La magama onke ovavanyo olufanayo.

Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa ii-X-reyi ezisezantsi ukulinganisa ubuninzi kunye nomxholo weeminerali emathanjeni akho. Lufana ne-X-reyi eqhelekileyo. Yinkqubo yokulaliswa ngaphandle, oko kuthetha ukuba akufuneki uhlale esibhedlele. Ungaya ekhaya emva kovavanyo. Akukho naliti okanye inaliti ezibandakanyekayo kolu vavanyo. Ngoko ke akukho nto ibalulekileyo yokukhathazeka ngayo.

Ukujonga ubuninzi bamathambo akho yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana i-osteoporosis ngaphambi kokuba ibangele ukwaphuka.

Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-osteoporosis, ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50, okanye ukuba une-osteopenia, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo rhoqo.

## Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-Osteoporosis?

Ugqirha wakho uza kucebisa indibaniselwano yonyango oluya kucothisa ukulahleka kwamathambo akho kwaye luqinise izicubu zakho zamathambo ezikhoyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekunyangeni i-osteoporosis kukuthintela ukwaphuka kwamathambo.

Iindlela zonyango ze-osteoporosis ezisetyenziswa kakhulu zezi:

• Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kuyawomeleza amathambo akho (kunye nazo zonke izicubu eziwadibanisayo, ezifana nezihlunu, imisipha, kunye nemisipha). Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuzilolonga okuthwala ubunzima ukuze uqinise izihlunu zakho kwaye uphucule ibhalansi yakho. Ukuzilolonga okulwa nobunzima bomxhuzulane, njengokuhamba, i-yoga, i-Pilates, kunye ne-Tai Chi, kunokukunceda ukuphucula amandla akho kunye nokulinganisela ngaphandle kokubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu emathanjeni akho. Kusenokufuneka usebenze nogqirha wezonyango ukuze ufumane ukuzilolonga kunye neentshukumo ezikusebenzelayo.
• Izongezo zeVithamini kunye neeminerali: Ungadinga izongezo zeCalcium okanye zeVithamini D ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara okanye ezibhalwe ngugqirha. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo olufunayo, kufuneka uluthathe kangaphi, kwaye ungakanani umthamo owufunayo. Kubalulekile ukufumana iVithamini D ekutyeni okutyebileyo kwiCalcium, okufana nobisi, itshizi, iyogathi, imifuno eluhlaza, kunye neentlanzi ezincinci, kunye nokuchatshazelwa lilanga.
• Amayeza e-Osteoporosis: Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe nakumzimba wakho. Amanye amayeza aqhelekileyo aquka unyango lweehomoni, olufana nonyango lokutshintshwa kwe-estrogen okanye i-testosterone, kunye namayeza abizwa ngokuba yi -bisphosphonates . Abantu abane-osteoporosis enzima okanye abo basengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kwamathambo banokufuna amayeza anjenge -parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogs, i-denosumab, kunye ne-romosozumab . La mayeza adla ngokunikezelwa njengeenaliti.

## Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-osteoporosis?

Ukuba une-osteoporosis, kufuneka ulindele ukuba le meko iza kulawula ixesha elide, ngesiqhelo ubomi bakho bonke. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayizukulunga ngobusuku obunye. Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye wenze uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo. Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga uxinano lwamathambo akho aze alungise unyango lwakho njengoko kufuneka. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo.

## Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi ye-osteoporosis?

Ukuzilolonga nokuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana i-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwakho kudla ngokuba zezona zinto zibalulekileyo onokuzenza ukuthintela i-osteoporosis. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ufumane eyona ndibaniselwano ilungileyo yonyango kuwe nakwimpilo yamathambo akho.

Khumbula ezi zinto ukuze uzikhusele kwiingozi:

Landela la macebiso okhuseleko ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokuphuka ithambo kwingozi:

• Soloko unxibe ibhanti xa ukhwela imoto.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo kuyo yonke imisebenzi nemidlalo.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo osebenza kuyo ingenazo izinto ezingafunekiyo ezinokukukhubekisa okanye zikhubeke kwabanye. Lumka kakhulu kwiingcingo, izinto zokudlala, nezinye izinto ezisemgangathweni.
• Soloko usebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukufikelela kwizinto ezivela phezulu. Ungaze ukhwele ezitulweni, etafileni, okanye kwiikhawuntara.
• Ufanele ulandele ukutya okunempilo kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuhamba okanye usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuwa, sebenzisa intonga okanye isixhobo sokuhamba. Akukho ntloni ekusebenziseni ezi zinto, kungenxa yokhuseleko lwakho.

## Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukulandela ukutya okunempilo kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga kuya kukunceda ugcine amathambo akho (kunye nawo onke) esempilweni. Yiya kuhlolwa rhoqo. Banokukunceda ufumane naziphi na iingxaki okanye iimpawu ezinokuthi zichaphazele amathambo akho kwangethuba.

Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-osteoporosis, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga novavanyo loxinano lwamathambo. Musa ukoyika okanye ube neentloni ukubuza ngale nto.

## Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Bona ugqirha ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho emzimbeni wakho olunokuba ziimpawu ezilumkisayo ze-osteoporosis (ezifana nokuncipha kobude, ubuthathaka). Xelela ugqirha wakho nangazo naziphi na ezinye iimpawu onazo, ingakumbi ukuba unentlungu yamathambo okanye ubunzima bokushukumisa umzimba wakho.

## Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unethambo elaphukileyo, okanye ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka (ER) ngokukhawuleza:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukushukumisa inxalenye yomzimba wakho.
• Ukuba inxalenye yomzimba ibonakala ingaqhelekanga okanye itshintshile ukusuka apho yayikhona ngaphambili (njengokungathi igobile, yoluliwe).
• Ukuba ulusu lwakho luyoluliwe kwaye ithambo lakho liyabonakala.
• Ukudumba.
• Kunye nezinye iimpawu, kuvela imivumbo emitsha.

## Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungalibali ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Ingakanani ingozi yam yokuba ne-osteoporosis?
• Kuza kufuneka ndenze uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo kangaphi?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiludingayo? Zithini iziphumo zalo?
• Zeziphi ezinye iindlela zokuzilolonga ezilungileyo endinokuzenza ukuze ndiqinise amathambo am?
• Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga unyango lomzimba?
• Zeziphi iinguqu ekufuneka ndizenze kwindlela enditya ngayo?

## Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani une-osteoporosis?

I-Osteoporosis ayisosifo esisongela ubomi, oko kuthetha ukuba ayitshintshi ixesha oza kuphila ngalo (ukuba uza kuphila ixesha elingakanani). Nangona kunjalo, iyawandisa amathuba akho okuqhekeka kwamathambo. Iyawandisa nomngcipheko wakho wokuqhekeka okukhulu okanye iingxaki ezivela ekuqhekekeni kwamathambo. Ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba ukwaphuka kwamathambo kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunxulunyaniswa nokuncipha kokuhamba, ukulaliswa esibhedlele rhoqo, kwaye mhlawumbi nokufa kwangoko.

Ukuba ukhathazekile ngokuzikhusela ekuweni okanye ekwaphukeni kwamathambo, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda uhlale ukhuselekile kwaye usempilweni.

## Ngoko ke, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule koku?

I-Osteoporosis yimeko eyenza amathambo akho abe mancinci kwaye abe buthathaka kunokuba kufanele ukuba abe njalo. Oku kunokuba yingozi kuba kukwenza ube namathuba amaninzi okuphuka ithambo. Abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba bane-osteoporosis de baphuke ithambo.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ukwaphuka kwamalungu kukufumana isifo se-osteoporosis ngaphambi kokuba sikwenze buhlungu.

Ngoko ke, yiya kuhlolwa rhoqo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka wenze uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo nini kwaye ujonge kangaphi impilo yamathambo akho. Khumbula, amathambo asempilweni abalulekile ukuze ube sempilweni! Ukunyamekela amathambo akho usemncinci kubalulekile njengoko ukhula.

I- Osteoporosis, impilo yamathambo, ukwaphuka kwamathambo, uxinano lwamathambo, i-calcium, i-vitamin D, ukuzilolonga, ukuya exesheni, i-Dexa scan