Ngaba wena okanye umntwana wakho uhlala unesifo somkhuhlane kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu kule mihla? Ukuba uziva udiniwe ngendlela enganyamezelekiyo, isenokuba yi -mononucleosis , okanye njengoko abanye beyibiza njalo, ``Mono''. Ungakhathazeki, xa sele sisazi ngakumbi ngale nto, sinokusombulula iingxaki ezininzi.
Yintoni i-mononucleosis?
Ngamafutshane, i-mononucleosis yimeko ebangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane. Iimpawu eziphambili kukuqaqamba komphimbo kunye nomkhuhlane. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abancinci, abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-25 ubudala. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba ayisosifo siyingozi. Uninzi lwexesha, siyaphela sodwa emva kweeveki ezimbalwa siphumle. Ngoko ke, akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo.
Yintoni ebangela oku?
I-Mononucleosis , okanye njengoko oogqirha beyibiza, i-infectious mononucleosis, ibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi -Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) . Le yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Enyanisweni, abantwana abaninzi abancinci, kuquka iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci, bachaphazeleka yi-EBV virus ngaxa lithile ngexesha lobuntwana babo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, nokuba bafumana intsholongwane kuloo minyaka, badla ngokungabonisi zimpawu, okanye ukuba bayazi, zincinci kakhulu kwaye azibonakali .
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu wosulelwe yi-EBV virus esemncinci, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lokufikisa okanye ulutsha , iimpawu esizibiza ngokuba yi-"mono" ziya kubonakala ngokucacileyo.
Enye into kukuba ngamanye amaxesha ezinye iintsholongwane , ezifana neCytomegalovirus, zinokubangela iimpawu ezifana ne-mononucleosis. Ngoko ke, ugqirha uya kufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye.
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-mononucleosis?
Iimpawu ze-"Mono" zihlala zibonakala malunga nenyanga okanye ezimbini emva kokuba umntu esulelekile yile ntsholongwane. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi mpawu zinokuphambaniswa nosulelo lomphimbo (njenge-"strep throat") okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo ('flu'). Jonga ukuba ezi mpawu zivakala ziqhelekile na kuwe:
- Umkhuhlane: Umkhuhlane luphawu oluphambili.
- Umphimbo obuhlungu : Akupheleli apho, iitoni zingadumba, kwaye ungabona namabala amhlophe kuzo. Kusenokuvakala ngathi kunzima ukuginya ukutya.
- Iindlala ezidumbileyo ezijikeleze intamo: Ezi ndlala, ezikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'lymph nodes', zinokudumba entanyeni, ngamanye amaxesha phantsi kwamakhwapha, nakwimiqolo. Zibukeka njengeziqwenga ezincinci onokuziva esandleni sakho.
- Ukudinwa kakhulu: Le yeyona nto iphambili abantu abaninzi abathi yi-`(Mono)` ayikokudinwa nje okuqhelekileyo, kodwa kugqithisile kangangokuba awukwazi nokuvuka ebhedini uzive ulele imini yonke .
Ukongeza kwezi mpawu ziphambili, ezinye iimpawu zinokubonwa:
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha
- Ubuthathaka , ubuthathaka
- Kunye nentlungu yesisu, isibindi okanye i-spleen (ekwinxalenye ephezulu yasekhohlo yesisu) inokuba nkulu kancinci kunesiqhelo.
- Abanye abantu banokufumana irhashalala encinci eluswini lwabo, efana nokudumba.
- Ukutya akunancasa.
Khawuthelekelele indlela ekunzima ngayo ukuba nazo zonke ezi zinto ngaxeshanye. Yiyo loo nto ukuphumla kubaluleke kangaka ngeli xesha.
Ngaba i-mononucleosis iyasulela? Isasazeka njani?
Ewe, i-mononucleosis sisifo esosulelayo . Sisasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngamathe. Oko kukuthi, sisasazeka xa amathe omntu omnye engena emlonyeni womnye umntu.
Abanye abantu bathi oku " sisifo sokuqabulana," kuba kunokudluliselwa ngokulula xa amathe etshintshiselana ngexesha lokuqabulana okunothando.
Akunjalo nje kuphela, kukho nezinye iindlela:
- Ukusuka kumathontsi amathe akhutshwa xa ukhohlela kwaye uthimla.
- Ukuba omnye umntu usebenzisa into esetyenziswe ngomnye umntu kwaye ingcoliswe ngamathe. Umzekelo:
- Ukuba usela kwingca efanayo.
- Ukuba usebenzisa iglasi yamanzi okanye ikomityi efanayo.
- Ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo zokukhaba, iipleyiti, kunye neekomityi ezifanayo.
- Ukuba usebenzisa ibhrashi yamazinyo efanayo.
Nangona kunqabile kakhulu, kukwakho nethuba elincinci kakhulu lokuba inokudluliselwa ngesondo okanye ngokutofelwa igazi .
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nokuba umntu sele esulelekile yile ntsholongwane kwaye iimpawu zakhe ziphelile, le ntsholongwane ihlala "ilele" emzimbeni ubomi bakhe bonke. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba akukho zimpawu, le ntsholongwane isesemzimbeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, le ntsholongwane ileleyo ingavuka kwakhona ize ifunyanwe ematheni. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba umntu onjalo akanazo iimpawu, usenokusasaza le ntsholongwane kwabanye ngamanye amaxesha. Le yinto ekufuneka ixhalatyelwe.
Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?
Ukuba unale mpawu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kuqala akuhlole.
- Bajonga umqala ukuze babone ukuba iitoni ziyadumba na okanye kukho amabala amhlophe.
- Bayaziva intamo kunye namakhwapha ukuze babone ukuba amaqhuma avuvukile na.
- Isisu siyaphathwa ngesandla ukuze kubonwe ukuba isibindi okanye ipleyini idumbile na. Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zosulelo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ugqirha ufuna ukuqiniseka ngakumbi, banokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze babone ukuba kukho na ii-antibodies ezichasene ne-EBV virus.
Luluphi unyango lwale nto?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango lwe-mononucleosis kukuphumla ngokwaneleyo nokusela amanzi amaninzi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiintsuku zokuqala zesi sifo, xa iimpawu zinzima kakhulu.
Khumbula, akukho nyango lithile le-mononucleosis, oko kukuthi, akukho nyango libulala intsholongwane.
Nangona kunjalo, ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu zomzimba , ungasebenzisa i-paracetamol (acetaminophen) okanye i-ibuprofen, njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ekubeni i-mononucleosis ibangelwa yintsholongwane, ii-antibiotics aziyi kunceda. Ii-antibiotics zisebenza kuphela ngokuchasene nosulelo lweebhaktheriya. Enyanisweni, ukuba umntu one-"Mono" unikwe i-antibiotic (ingakumbi i-amoxicillin), ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela ukurhawuzelela okukhulu kwesikhumba, oku kukurhawuzelela. Ngoko ke musa ukuthatha naluphi na unyango ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba ungaze unike umntwana onentsholongwane ye-aspirin (njengomkhuhlane okanye i-flu). Kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-aspirin kunye nemeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Reye syndrome. I-Reye syndrome inokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi, umonakalo wengqondo, kwanokufa. Ngoko ke kuphephe ukunika abantwana abancinci i-aspirin.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha kwesi sifo?
Uninzi lwexesha, iimpawu ze-mononucleosis ziyaphela kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine . Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu abaselula, ingakumbi ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nobuthathaka, kunokuhlala iinyanga ezininzi. Kuthatha umonde omncinci. Kufuneka unike umzimba wakho ixesha lokuphola.
Ngaba i-mononucleosis inokuthintelwa?
Ngelishwa, akukho gonyo lokukhusela intsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr (EBV) okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunceda ukukhusela abantwana bakho (kunye nawe):
- Fundisa abantwana ukuba baphephe ukusondelana nomntu onesi sifo.
- Abantu abaninzi abane-mono ababonisi zimpawu, ngoko ke banokuzisasaza kwabanye. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese .
- Xelela abantwana bakho ukuba bangabelani nabanye ngeeglasi zabo zokusela, izitya zokutya, izinto zokusela, iistraw, njl.njl. Lo ngumkhwa olungileyo, nokuba babonakala besempilweni.
Yintoni enye ekufuneka siyazi ngale nto?
Xa une-mononucleosis, i-spleen ingadumba kangangeeveki ezininzi, ngamanye amaxesha ixesha elide. I-spleen ekhulisiweyo ingagqabhuka ngequbuliso. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kunokubangela ukopha esiswini, okubangela iintlungu eziqatha kwaye kufuneke utyando olungxamisekileyo. Le yimeko eyingozi.
Ngoko ke, oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba uphephe nayiphi na imidlalo yokuchukumisa (efana neragbi okanye ibhola ekhatywayo) ubuncinane inyanga emva kokuba ufunyaniswe une-mono kwaye iimpawu zakho ziphelile ngokupheleleyo . Kukwangumbono olungileyo ukuphepha imisebenzi enzima, njengokudlala imidlalo, ukuphakamisa iintsimbi, okanye ukwenza nantoni na ekwenza uzive udiniwe de ugqirha wakho athi, "Kulungile, kulungile." Oku kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba umonakalo kwi-spleen unokuba mkhulu.
Ixesha elininzi, iimpawu ze-mononucleosis ziya kuphucuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa xa uphumle ngokwaneleyo kwaye usela amanzi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaqhubeka, ziya zisiba mandundu, okanye unemibuzo ngazo, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho.
Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.
Kulungile, ngoko ke ngokwezinto esizithethileyo, ndiyathemba ukuba unoluvo oluhle malunga ne-mononucleosis. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:
- Esi sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esibangela umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu.
- Ukuphumla kunye nolwelo lolona yeza lilungileyo.
- Ii-antibiotics azisebenzi kule nto.
- Njengoko i-spleen isenokudumba, hlala kude nemisebenzi enzima nemidlalo de uphile.
- Ekubeni sisifo esosulelayo, thabatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukudluliselwa ngamathe. Kubalulekile ukuhlamba izandla zakho kwaye ungabelani ngezinto zakho zobuqu nabanye.
Musa ukoyika nangasiphi na isizathu. Ukuba ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha kwaye uphumle ngokwaneleyo, ungaphola ngokukhawuleza koku. Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle wena nomntwana wakho!
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Ingaba 'iMononucleosis' sisifo esifana nemalariya?
Hayi! Nangona imalariya isasazeka ziingcongconi, 'i-mono' sisifo esiqhelekileyo esibangelwa yi-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba sisifo sokuqabulana, kuba isasazeka kakhulu ngamathe.
💬 Kutheni umntu onesi sifo eziva ediniwe/ebuthathaka kakhulu?
Le ntsholongwane ihlasela ngokuthe ngqo iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zomzimba wethu ezibizwa ngokuba zii-monocytes, nto leyo eyenza amajoni ethu omzimba adinwe kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto, ukongeza kumqala obuhlungu, siziva sibuthathaka kangangokuba asikwazi nokuvuka kusasa.
💬 Le ntsholongwane ibosulela njani abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci?
Isasazeka ngokulula ngokwabelana ngekomityi, ukutya ngecephe elinye, okanye ukwanga nomntu onayo le ntsholongwane. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubafundi besikolo naseyunivesithi abasela amanzi kwiibhotile zabanye abantu.
"I-Mononucleosis, i-Epstein-Barr virus, i-EBV, umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, i-splenomegaly, ubudala
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