Ngaba unengxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla? Ingcali yezonyango ingakunceda njani? (Ingcali yezonyango / Amayeza oMzimba kunye nokuHlaziya)

Ngaba wakha weva ngo-'Gqirha wezifo zengqondo'? Mhlawumbi eli gama litsha kuwe. Kodwa, ngamaxesha anzima ebomini bethu, xa sigula okanye sikhubazekile kangangokuba asikwazi nokwenza imisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla ngokufanelekileyo, aba gqirha babizwa ngokuba yi-'Gqirha wezifo zengqondo' baluncedo olukhulu kuthi. Ngamafutshane, aba ngcali bakhona ukukunceda ulawule izifo kunye nokwenzakala okukuthintela ukuba usebenze, ukhathalele usapho lwakho, okanye wenze izinto ozithandayo.

Ngubani lo Physiatrist? Yintoni le candelo lezonyango elibizwa ngokuba yiPhysiatry?

Kulungile, masiqale sibone ukuba ngubani lo 'gqirha wezifo zengqondo'. 'Ugqirha wezifo zengqondo' ngugqirha ogxile kwi- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) . Ewe, oku kukwabizwa ngokuba ngugqirha we-'PM&R', okanye 'ugqirha weRehabilitation'. Aba bantu bagxila kakhulu ekukuncedeni ukoyise ubunzima obanabo ekuqhubeni ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla ngenxa yezifo kunye neengxaki ezichaphazela inkqubo yakho yamathambo okanye inkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Khawucinge nje, usenokuba ubuneentlungu zomqolo okanye idolo kangangeminyaka. Okanye usenokuba ube sengozini yemoto, okanye usenokuba wenzakele ingalo okanye umlenze ngelixa udlala imidlalo, kwaye uneentlungu ezininzi kangangokuba awukwazi nokuvuka ebhedini, ukukama iinwele zakho, okanye ukuhlala phantsi. Kulapho ke 'uGqirha wezifo zengqondo' anokukunceda khona.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, aba gqirha bazama ukulawula iimpawu zakho ngeendlela ezingezizo ezotyando, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa utyando, kwaye bakubuyisele kwimeko apho unokusebenza kakuhle nangokuzimela kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Icandelo lezonyango elibizwa ngokuba yi-'Physiatry' lijongene nokuthintela, ukuxilonga, kunye nonyango lwezifo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwakho kwemihla ngemihla kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni.

Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yiPhysiatrist?

Makhe sijonge ngakumbi indlela ingcali ye-physiatrist enokujongana ngayo nobomi bakho.

• Uxilongo kunye nonyango: Aba bantu baxilonga baze banyange iimeko eziphazamisana nokukwazi kwakho ukuhamba, ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, kunye nokusebenzisana noluntu. Umzekelo, oku kuquka ubunzima bokwenza "Imisebenzi Yobomi Bemihla ngemihla (ii-ADL)" ezifana nokuhamba, ukutya, ukuthetha, ukuhlamba, kunye nokunxiba.
• Ukusebenza njengeqela: Ingcali yonyango ayisebenzi yodwa. Basebenza nogqirha wosapho lwakho (uMboneleli woNyango oluPhambili) kunye nezinye iingcali ukuze balungelelanise unyango lwakho njengeqela.
• Unyango lwazo zonke iminyaka: Abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, ukususela kwiintsana ukuya kubantu abadala, banokufumana unyango kwiGqirha leeNgcali.
• Ukhathalelo lwexesha elide:Kusenokufuneka usebenze nogqirha wezifo zomzimba ixesha elide, ingakumbi ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo esinganyangekiyo. Baza kukunika inkxaso eqhubekayo.

Zeziphi izifo ezinyangwa yingcali ye-physiatrist?

Ingcali yezifo zomzimba inyanga iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili.

Iimeko ezichaphazela abantu abadala

Kubantu abadala, ingcali ye-physiatrist inokunceda kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Utshintsho ngokweminyaka (umz. ukuncipha koxinano lwamathambo)
• Umhlaza kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango
• Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuqanda Amaphaphu (i-COPD)
• Intlungu engapheliyo
• Iingxaki zentliziyo ezifuna unyango
• Ukulimala Okuhlukeneyo
• Izifo zamalungu (umz., isifo samathambo, i-bursitis)
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Izifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (umz. iMultiple Sclerosis (MS), i-Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS))
• Ukulimala koMgogodla
• Istroke

Le yimizekelo embalwa nje. Ukongeza, iingcali zempilo yomzimba zinyanga ezinye izifo ezininzi ezihlala ixesha elide.

Iimeko ezichaphazela abantwana

Kubantwana, ingcali ye-physiotherapy idla ngokunyanga izifo ezifana nezi:

• I-acute flaccid myelitis
• I-Amplified Musculoskeletal Pain Syndrome (AMPS)
• Ukulimala kwe-brachial plexus
• Umvakalelo yokitazo
• I-Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
• Isifo sika-Ehlers-Danlos
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemisipha
• Istroke sabantwana
• Ukugoba komqolo (i-scoliosis)
• I-Spin Bifida
• I-Torticollis (iTorticollis)
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okubangela usizi (TBI)

Ingcali ye-physiatrist ifumanisa njani ukuba kukho ingxaki?

Xa usiya kugqirha wezifo zomzimba, uza kulandela amanyathelo aliqela ukuze afumanise ngokuchanekileyo imeko yakho.

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Okokuqala, uza kuhlolwa umzimba ngokupheleleyo. Usenokunikwa novavanyo lwemithambo-luvo.
• Imbali yezonyango kunye neempawu: Uza kubuzwa ngezifo zakho zangaphambili kunye neempawu zakho zangoku.
• Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo olufana nolu lunokwenziwa:
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• I-Electromyography (EMG) (jonga umsebenzi wezihlunu)
• Iskeni se-MRI `(Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance - MRI)`
• Uphononongo lokuqhuba imithambo-luvo (jonga umsebenzi wemithambo-luvo)
• Ii-X-reyi

Ugqirha uza kukuchazela zonke ezi mvavanyo, aze athethe nawe ngazo emva kokuba iziphumo ziphumile.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ingcali yomzimba ikubona njengomntu opheleleyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayicingi nje kuphela ngomzimba wakho, kodwa nangendlela imeko echaphazela ngayo ingqondo nomoya wakho. Xa esenza uxilongo, iqwalasela nemibuzo efana nale:

• Le meko ibuchaphazela njani ubomi bakho?
• Luhlobo luni lweentshukumo okanye imisebenzi enzima kanye kanye?
• Yintoni ongenakuyenza ngenxa yale meko?
• Ingaba uthanda ukwenza ntoni?
• Le meko iyichaphazela njani impilo yakho yengqondo?

Esebenzisa lonke olu lwazi, ugqirha we-physiatrist uza kugqiba isicwangciso sonyango esilungele wena.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezinikezelwa yingcali ye-physiatrist?

Iingcali zonyango lwe-physiatrist zezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zonyango olungenalo utyando. Injongo yale nyango kukulawula iimpawu kunye nokunceda umzimba uziphilise. Ngenxa yokuba iimeko ezininzi azinakuphiliswa ngokupheleleyo, ingcali ye-physiatrist isebenza ukukunceda usebenze ngokuzimeleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ungaxhomekeki kakhulu kwabanye. Olu nyango lujongana kakhulu neempawu ezifana nentlungu, ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukuqina kwemisipha (ukuqaqamba), kunye neemvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga (ezifana nokungaziva mnandi - i-paresthesia).

Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

Iintlobo zemijovo

• Iinaliti ze-trigger point (kwiintlungu zemisipha)
• Iinaliti zokunciphisa iintlungu zamalungu
• Iinaliti ze-epidural steroid (ESIs) (zeentlungu zomqolo)
• Iinaliti zetyhefu ye-botulinum (umz. xa kuxhuzula izihlunu)

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango

• Ulungiso lwenyama
• Unyango lomsebenzi (lunceda ekwenzeni imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokulula)
• Unyango lokuthetha
• Unyango ngamanzi (uqheliso lwamanzi)
• Unyango lokuLawulwa kweOsteopathic (OMT)

Iinkqubo zonyango ezikhethekileyo

• Ukuvuselelwa koMbane okuSebenzayo (ii-FES)
• Ukukhuthazwa kweMithambo yoMbane yeTranscutaneous (TENS)
• I-Vertebroplasty kunye neKyphoplasty (yokwaphuka komqolo)
• Iindlela zonyango ezidibeneyo

Izinto eziluncedo kubomi bemihla ngemihla

• Iiprosthetics kunye neeorthotics
• Izixhobo zokuncedisa (umz. izitulo ezinamavili kunye nezixhobo zokuhamba)
• Utshintsho ekhayeni lakho nakwindawo osebenza kuyo `(Utshintsho kwindawo ohlala kuyo)`
• Amayeza

Ufanele uye nini kwi-physiatrist?

Ungadinga uncedo lwePhysiatrist kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba unentlungu ngenxa yokugula okanye ukwenzakala ixesha elide, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokushukumisa umzimba wakho ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
• Ukuba uyaphola emva kwestroke.
• Ukuba uneentlungu emva kotyando, okanye unengxaki yokushukumisa umzimba wakho.
• Ukuba ufumana ukudinwa okukhulu, iintlungu, okanye ukungakhululeki ngenxa yonyango lwenye imeko yezonyango.
• Ukuba nangasiphi na isizathu awukwazi ukushukumisa umzimba wakho ngokukhululeka nangokulula njengangaphambili.

Ngamaxesha anje, ungathetha nogqirha wakho wosapho uze uthunyelwe kwi-physiatrist.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwePhysiatrist kunye nePhysical Therapist?

Le yinto abantu abaninzi abadideka ngayo. 'Ingcali ye-physiatrist' kunye 'nengcali ye-physical therapist' zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa zombini zinenjongo enye: ukukunceda usebenze kakuhle kwaye ukhululeke kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

• Uqeqesho: Ingcali ye-physiatrist ngugqirha ogqibe isidanga sesikolo sezonyango, efumana i-MD (uGqirha wezonyango) okanye i-DO (uGqirha we-Osteopathy). Ingcali ye-physiotherapist igqiba inkqubo ye-physiotherapy kwaye ifumana isidanga se-Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT).
• Indima:
• `Ingcali yezifo zomzimba` inokuyixilonga izifo ize inike amayeza.
• Ingcali yezonyango ayinakuxilonga okanye ikunike amayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ingenza uxilongo lwezonyango zomzimba (PTD) okanye uxilongo olusebenzayo (FD). Oku kuthetha ukuba banokukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iingxaki zokuhamba onazo, ukuba zinzima kangakanani, indlela ezichaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho, kunye nendlela unyango olunokunceda ngayo.

Kalula nje, ingcali yakho yomzimba iza kuxilonga imeko yakho kunye nonobangela wayo. Emva koko, ingcali yakho yomzimba iza kuchaza indlela imeko echaphazela ngayo ukuhamba kwakho kunye nokusebenza kwakho.

Umzekelo, ingcali ye-physiatrist inokukufumanisa ukuba une-osteoarthritis yedolo. Ingcali ye-physiotherapist (PT) ingakuhlola ize ifumanise ukuba une-arthritic edolweni lakho, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kuwe ukuhamba emsebenzini okanye nangaphakathi kwendlu.

Ingcali ye-physiatrist kunye nengcali ye-physiotherapist badla ngokusebenza kunye. Ingcali ye-physiatrist iya kuxilonga imeko yakho, igqibe ukuba ungumntu ofanelekileyo na kwi-physiotherapy, kwaye ikuthumele kwi-physiotherapist (PT). Ukusuka apho, i-PT iya kusebenzisana nawe ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Nobabini niya kuthetha rhoqo ngempilo yakho.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwengcali yezengqondo kunye nengcali yezengqondo?

Le yenye into enokubangela ukuba abantu abaninzi badideke. Ingcali yezengqondo kunye nengcali ye-physiatrist ziingcali ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.

• Ingcali yezengqondo yingcali yezempilo yengqondo esebenzisa unyango lokuthetha (psychotherapy) ukunyanga iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo yengqondo. Ikwanceda abantu ukuba bajongane noxinzelelo lwexeshana nolwexesha elide ebomini babo. Ingcali yezengqondo idla ngokuba nePhD.
• Ingcali ye-physiatrist ngugqirha onyanga iimeko zakho zomzimba, ingakumbi ezo zichaphazela iinkqubo zakho zemisipha kunye nemithambo-luvo. Ezi ziimeko ezidla ngokubangela iintlungu kunye nezinye iimpawu ezichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.

Ingcali yezengqondo ayinakukwazi ukuxilonga okanye ukunyanga iimeko zomzimba ezifana nezi. Nangona kunjalo, inokukunceda uthethe nayo malunga nendlela esi sifo esichaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho nendlela onokujamelana ngayo naso ngengqondo. Abantu abaninzi abahlushwa ziintlungu ezingapheliyo okanye ezinye izifo zomzimba bakufumanisa kuluncedo ukubona ingcali yezengqondo ukuze ibancede bagcine impilo yabo yengqondo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Khawucinge nje, nokuba uxilongo olunye lunokuchaphazela ubomi bakho bonke. Kufana nokuphosa ilitye elinqabileyo emanzini uze udale amaqhuqhuva. Iingcali zefiziksi ziyakuqonda kakuhle oku. Ziyayiqonda kakuhle imeko yakho, indlela echaphazela ngayo kungekuphela nje ingalo yakho, umlenze, nomqolo, kodwa nomzimba wakho wonke, iingcinga zakho, iimvakalelo zakho, amathemba akho ekamva.

Ukuba uza kubona ugqirha we-physiatrist, lungela ukuvuleleka malunga nendlela oziva ngayo kunye noko ukulindeleyo kunyango. Ugqirha uza kukuphulaphula ngononophelo aze enze isicwangciso sonyango esisekelwe kwiinjongo zakho neemfuno zakho.

Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uva iintlungu, ubunzima bokuhamba, okanye ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, cinga ngokubona i-physiatrist. Banokuba luncedo olukhulu ekubuyiseleni ubomi bakho endleleni.

Ingcali yeFizi , Amayeza okuHlaziya, Amayeza oMzimba kunye nokuHlaziya, i-PM&R, Unyango loMzimba, Ulawulo lweentlungu, Ukuvuselelwa kweStroke, Izifo zeNkqubo yeNervous