Yintoni umsebenzi wee-lymphocytes?
Ngamafutshane, ii-lymphocytes zingumqolo wenkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela. Zenza malunga ne-20% ukuya kwi-40% yeeseli zethu ezimhlophe zegazi. Njengomkhosi okhusela ilizwe, ezi seli zilwa neentshaba ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Ezi ntshaba zinokuba zezi:- Iintsholongwane
- Iintsholongwane
- Iiseli zomhlaza
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-lymphocytes?
Iilymphocytes zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: ii-B cells kunye nee-T cells. Xa zidibene, ezi zimbini ziqinisa inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba.| Uhlobo lweseli | Umsebenzi ophambili |
|---|---|
| Iiseli ze-B (ii-B Lymphocytes) | Ezi antibodies zenza iiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies. Ezi antibodies zinokutshabalalisa iintsholongwane okanye ziphawule ezinye iiseli ukuba ziyahlasela. |
| Iiseli ze-T (ii-T Lymphocytes) | Ziyazibona kwaye zitshabalalisa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga, ezifana neeseli zethu ezosulelwe ziintsholongwane okanye iiseli zomhlaza. |
| Iiseli zokubulala zendalo | Ezi zikwaluhlobo lwe-lymphocyte. Ziyakwazi ukubona nokutshabalalisa izinto ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neeseli zomhlaza kwasekuqaleni. |
Indlela ii-B Cells ezisebenza ngayo
Xa iiseli ze-B ziqaphela i-antigen, ziphendula ngeendlela ezimbini. 1. Impendulo Eyintloko Yokuzikhusela: Xa i-antigen ingena emzimbeni okokuqala, iiseli ze-B ziyayiqonda, kwaye ezinye iiseli ze-B ziba ziiseli zememori. Ezinye ziba ziiseli zeplasma kwaye ziqala ukwenza ii-antibodies ezikhethekileyo kuloo antigen. Oku kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi. 2. Impendulo Yesibini Yokuzikhusela: Ukuba i-antigen efanayo iphinda ihlangane, iiseli zememori ziyayiqonda ngokukhawuleza, zenze iiseli zeplasma ngokukhawuleza, kwaye zivelise ngokukhawuleza ii-antibodies ezifunekayo.Iintlobo zee-T Cells
Iiseli ze-T azikwazi ukusebenza zodwa, zifuna uncedo kwezinye iiseli zomzimba. Emva kokufumana uncedo, iiseli ze-T zahlukana zibe ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwaye ziyasebenza.- Iiseli ze-T ezinobungozi/ezibulala iintsholongwane: Ezi ziya ngqo kwiiseli ezineentsholongwane okanye iiseli zomhlaza zize zizitshabalalise.
- Ii-Helper T cells: Njengoko igama lisitsho, ezi zinceda ezinye ii-immune cells. Zenza izinto ezifana nokunceda ii-B cells zenze ii-antibodies kwaye zivuselele ii-T cells ezibulalayo.
- Iiseli ze-T ezilawulayo : Ezi zithintela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ukuba ingasabeli kakhulu ize yonakalise imizimba yethu. Oko kukuthi, zilawula inkqubo.
Indlela yokujonga amanqanaba e-lymphocyte?
Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zegazi ezinokwenziwa ukuze kuchongwe inani le-lymphocyte yakho.- Ubalo lweGazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Le yingxelo efanayo ye-FBC ( Full Blood Count ) esihlala siyenza. Ilinganisa ubungakanani bento yonke esegazini, kuquka iiseli ezibomvu, iiseli ezimhlophe, kunye neeplatelets.
- I-Flow Cytometry:Olu vavanyo lunzima kancinci kune-CBC. Lunokubala iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-lymphocytes, ezifana nee-B cells kunye nee-T cells, kwaye luchonge amanqanaba azo ngqo.
- Isikrini se-B kunye ne-T cell: Olu vavanyo lunokuyalelwa ngugqirha wakho ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo senkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela . Lunokunceda ekufumaneni umhlaza wegazi okanye umongo wamathambo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho kufuneka akhethe ukuba loluphi uvavanyo olufunekayo. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika wedwa emva kokubona ixabiso kwingxelo yegazi.
Masifunde ngokwanda nokuncipha kwenani lee-lymphocytes.
Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwee-lymphocytes lunokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka, isini, ukuphakama, kunye nendlela yokuphila. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ulwazi oluchanekileyo ngengxelo yakho.- Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo kubantu abadala: Phakathi kwe-1,000 kunye ne-4,800 lymphocytes kwi-microliter nganye yegazi.
- Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwabantwana: Phakathi kwama-3,000 nama-9,500 ee-lymphocytes kwi-microliter nganye yegazi.
| Imeko | Izizathu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| I-Lymphocytosis - inani elandayo lee-lymphocytes | Umzimba uvelisa ii-lymphocytes ezininzi ukulwa nosulelo emzimbeni.
|
| I-Lymphopenia - ukwehla kwenani lee-lymphocytes | Usulelo oluncinci olufana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane lunokunciphisa okwethutyana iimpawu, kodwa zinokuba yingozi kakhulu.
|
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwe-lymphocyte?
Amaxesha amaninzi, kusenokungabikho zimpawu konke konke, kodwa abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:- Ukudumba kwamalungu (ukudumba kwamalungu)
- Ukubila ebusuku
- Ifiva
- Intlungu yesisu
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-lymphocytes luhlobo oluphambili lweeseli kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Zikhusela imizimba yethu kwiintsholongwane, iintsholongwane kunye nomhlaza.
- Ngenxa yokuba ezi seli "zinenkumbulo," zisithintela ekuphuhliseni izifo ezithile xa sele ziphuhlisile.
- Ukwanda (i-Lymphocytosis) okanye ukuncipha (i-Lymphopenia) kwinani lee-lymphocytes kwingxelo yegazi kunokuba luphawu losulelo okanye olunye uhlobo lwesifo.
- Musa ukwenza izigqibo ngokwakho ngokusekelwe kumaxabiso akwingxelo yakho yovavanyo lwegazi. Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuqonda okucacileyo kunye nonyango olufunekayo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Zithini iiLymphocytes?
Ii-lymphocytes luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (i-WBC) ezisebenza njengamajoni aphambili kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Zikhusela imizimba yethu ngokulwa neentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni.
💬 Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba inani lee-lymphocytes liyanda kuvavanyo lwegazi?
Ukuba eli nani liphezulu kunesiqhelo xa usenza uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo (FBC), kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuthetha ukuba uhlobo oluthile lwentsholongwane okanye usulelo lwebhaktheriya lungene emzimbeni wakho kwaye inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela iyalwa nalo.
💬 Ingaba ukwehla kwenani le-lymphocyte kuyingozi?
Ewe, ukuncipha kwezi zinto kunokuba yingozi. Kuba ke ngoko inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iyabuthathaka. Ezi lymphocytes zinokuncipha ngenxa ye-HIV, izifo ezihlasela umzimba, okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza (ii-chemos).
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