Ingabe nawe unakho ukukhwehlela okungapheli kanye nokuphefumula? Ake sixoxe ngale 'Bronchitis Engapheli'!

Ingabe nawe uhlala ukhwehlela futhi uphuma i-phlegm kulezi zinsuku? Ingabe uzizwa uphelelwa umoya? Mhlawumbe lokhu bekungakenzeki isonto noma amabili, kodwa sekuphele izinyanga, ngisho neminyaka. Yileso simo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-bronchitis engapheli.' Ake sibone ukuthi iyini, kungani ikhula, nokuthi singayigwema kanjani.

Kuyini i-Bronchitis Engapheli?

Kalula nje, i-bronchitis engapheli ukuvuvukala kwesikhathi eside kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini akho, okubizwa ngokuthi i-trachea , i-bronchi, kanye nezikhwama zomoya ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi i-bronchioles. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ube nokukhwehlela nobunzima bokuphefumula okungenani izinyanga ezintathu zonyaka, noma iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu, izinsuku eziningi zenyanga.

Empeleni, nakuba sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-bronchitis engapheli', odokotela manje babhekisela kulesi simo njengengxenye yeqembu elibanzi lezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi ' i-COPD - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ' . Okusho ukuthi, yisifo sesikhathi eside esivimba imigudu yomoya emaphashini. Nakuba sibizwa nje ngokuthi 'i-bronchitis engapheli', ngokuvamile siyingxenye yesimo '(COPD)'. Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abane-bronchitis engapheli ngaphandle kokuthi imigudu yomoya ivalwe, i-bronchitis engapheli kuphela.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Acute Bronchitis ne-Chronic Bronchitis?

Cishe uke wezwa nge-'bronchitis' ngaphambili. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zayo.

• I-Bronchitis Ebukhali:Lokhu kuyisifo sofuba esingazelelwe, sesikhashana. Sivame ukubangelwa yigciwane, njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane. Ngokuvamile siphela phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa.
• I-Bronchitis Engapheli: Lesi yisimo sesikhathi eside esikhuluma ngaso namuhla. Uma unezimpawu ze-bronchitis ezivamile iminyaka emibili noma ngaphezulu, yi-bronchitis engapheli. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukubhema . Kungabangelwa nezinye izinto eziyingozi emaphashini (isib. uthuli, intuthu yamakhemikhali).

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema?

I-bronchitis engapheli kanye ne-emphysema zombili ziyingxenye yeqembu elifanayo lezifo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-COPD. Nakuba izimpawu zazo zombili zifana kakhulu, izindawo zamaphaphu athintekile zihlukile.

• Ku- bronchitis engapheli , amapayipi athwala umoya angene futhi aphume emaphashini akho (i-bronchi) ayavuvukala futhi agcwale ulwelwesi.
• I-Emphysema yisimo lapho amasaka amancane omoya (i-alveoli) ekugcineni kwemigudu yomoya ewohloka futhi ancipha.

Ngokuvamile, umuntu one-COPD uzoba nezimpawu zazo zombili lezi zimo, okusho ukuthi kungase kube nomonakalo othile emigudwini yomoya nasemaphashini.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

I-bronchitis engapheli, noma i-COPD, ivame ukuthinta:

• Kwababhemayo kanye nababebhema ngaphambili, lokhu kuyisici esiyinhloko esiyingozi .
• Kulabo abaseduze nomuntu obhemayo (ukubhema ugwayi ongasebenzi).
• Kulabo abahlala bechayeke ekungcolisweni komoya, uthuli, kanye nentuthu yamakhemikhali. Cabanga ngabantu abasebenza kwezinye izimboni, abashanela imigwaqo, noma abapheka ezitofini zokhuni (ikakhulukazi emakhishini lapho intuthu ingaphumi khona kahle).
• Le ngozi iphakeme nakubantu abanezinye izifo zokuphefumula , njenge -asthma .

Kwenzekani uma kuvela i-bronchitis engapheli?

I-bronchitis engapheli yisimo esibangela ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yomonakalo emaphashini akho. Nakhu okwenzekayo:

Uma into eyingozi (isib. intuthu kagwayi , uthuli) ingena emigudwini yakho yokuphefumula, amasosha omzimba wethu ayasebenza futhi abangele ukuthi lezo zindawo zivuvuke. Futhi, amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-mucus abizwa ngokuthi ama-goblet cells ayanda ngenani, okubangela ukuthi i-mucus eningi iqoqeke.

I-bronchitis ivame ukuba yesikhashana. Kodwa-ke, uma le migudu yomoya ihlale icasuka (isibonelo, ngokubhema ugwayi ngaso sonke isikhathi), kwenzeka umonakalo. Lo monakalo ubangela ukuba amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-mucus (amaseli e-goblet) akhule ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezakhiwo ezinhle, ezifana nezinwele (cilia) emigudwini yethu yomoya ezikhipha i-mucus. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi (cilia) azisebenzi kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, imigudu yomoya iyavuvukala futhi igcwale i-mucus, okubangela ukuba ukhwehlele njalo futhi ube nobunzima bokuphefumula.

Uma unalesi simo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nokutheleleka okuhlukahlukene kwamagciwane nama-bacteria emaphashini akho, okungenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-bronchitis engapheli (i-COPD) ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, okunobuhlungu obuhlala okungenani iminyaka emibili .

Ezinye izimpawu yilezi:

• Ukuphefumula umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela ovela esifubeni lapho uphefumula.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphelelwa umoya (i-Dyspnea). Lokhu kungaba kubi nakakhulu uma ukhathele kancane, noma uma ukhuphuka izitebhisi.
• Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia).
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi (Ukukhathala).

Yiziphi izizathu?

Ukubhema kuyimbangela eyinhloko ye-bronchitis engapheli (i-COPD). Lokho kusho ukusebenzisa izinto ezifana nogwayi kanye ne-bidis.

Ngaphezu kwalokho:

• Izinto ezingcolisa umoya (umoya ophuma emotweni, intuthu yasefektri).
• Ezinye izifo zamaphaphu ezifana ne-asthma.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, izici zofuzo nazo zingadlala indima.
• Ezimweni ezingavamile, imbangela ingase ingatholakali.

Ingabe i-bronchitis engapheli iyathelelana?

Cha. I-bronchitis engapheli / `(COPD)` ayisona isifo esithelelanayo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ayinakusabalala isuka komunye umuntu iye komunye.

Kodwa-ke, uma une-bronchitis engapheli, ukuba nesifo esithathelwanayo njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane kungenza izimpawu zakho ze-bronchitis zibe zimbi kakhulu (ukukhushulwa) , ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Ukubona kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi une-bronchitis engapheli / (COPD) noma cha. Uzohlola ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.

Udokotela:

• Bazokubuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha (izifo zangaphambilini, ukuthi ukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezifo ezifanayo, ukuthi uyabhema yini, njll.).
• Ngibuza ngezimpawu zakho.
• I-stethoscope ilalela inhliziyo namaphaphu akho.
• Kuhlolwa ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu.
• Ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze i-X-ray yesifuba noma olunye ukuhlolwa kwezithombe.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu

Lezi zivivinyo zinganika udokotela wakho umbono wokuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. I-Spirometry ingenye yezivivinyo ezinjalo. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, uphefumula umoya ungene epayipini elincane. Kukala ukuthi amaphaphu akho angawuthatha umoya ongakanani, ukuthi angawukhipha ngokushesha kangakanani, nokuthi amaphaphu akho angawubamba kahle kangakanani umoya.

I-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan

Lezi zivivinyo `(Imifanekiso)` zingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi abone ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo noma izinkinga emaphashini akho. Zithatha izithombe zenhliziyo namaphaphu akho. Ziphinde zihlole nezinye izifo ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi

Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola impilo yakho jikelele. Ngezinye izikhathi, angase futhi enze ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlolwa kwegesi yegazi elisemithanjeni . Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha inani elincane legazi elivela emthanjeni (umthambo) ongalweni yakho bese uhlola amazinga awo e-oxygen kanye ne-carbon dioxide.

I-ECG noma i-EKG

Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze isivivinyo se-ECG (ECG/EKG) ukuze abone ukuthi inhliziyo yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani, njengoba ezinye izifo zamaphaphu zingathinta nenhliziyo.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwe-bronchitis engapheli (i-COPD) ukulawula izimpawu. Kuye ngobukhulu bezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase asikisele izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukene.

Kunjalo:

• Ukuyeka ukubhema: Uma ubhema, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuyeka. Kuzokwenza kube lula ngawe ukuphefumula futhi kunganciphisa nengozi yokuthi isimo sakho sibe sibi kakhulu.
• Ama-Bronchodilator: Lena imithi evula imigudu yakho yokuphefumula futhi yenze kube lula ukuphefumula. Ivame ukuthathwa nge-inhaler.
• Ama-Steroids: Udokotela wakho angakunika ama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini akho. Lawa anganikezwa njenge-inhaler noma njengamaphilisi.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu: Lolu uhlelo olukhethekile olukufundisa izivivinyo zokuphefumula nezindlela zokukusiza ukuthi uphile nokugula kwakho. Lungathuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.
• Ukwelashwa nge-oxygen: Uma i-bronchitis yakho engapheli inzima, ungase ungatholi umoya-mpilo owanele. Udokotela wakho angase anqume ukukunikeza umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Lokhu kunganikezwa ngemaski ebusweni bakho noma ngepayipi elifakwe ekhaleni lakho.
• Ama-antibiotic: Njengoba ungase uthole izifo ezivame ukutheleleka uma une-bronchitis engapheli, uma udokotela wakho ecabanga ukuthi unesifo, angakunika ama-antibiotic.

I-bronchitis engapheli ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Odokotela babiza i-bronchitis ngokuthi “engapheli” (ehlala isikhathi eside) uma unezimpawu okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngonyaka. Izimpawu zakho ngezinye izikhathi zingaba ngcono noma zibe zimbi kakhulu. Kodwa, ngokungafani ne-bronchitis ebukhali (i-bronchitis yesikhathi esifushane), i-bronchitis engapheli ayipheli ngokuphelele . Ingaba yimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ungazivikela kanjani kulokhu?

Izinto ezinhle kakhulu ongazenza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-bronchitis engapheli (i-COPD) yilezi:

• Ungabhemi. Uma ubhema, yeka nakanjani. Futhi, gwema ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho abanye abantu bebhema khona.
• Gwema amakhemikhali, ukungcola komoya, nezinye izinto eziyingozi emaphashini ngangokunokwenzeka (isib. izindawo ezinothuli, izindawo ezinomsi osindayo wezimoto, umusi wamakhemikhali).
• Uma unezinkinga zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma, zilawule. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.

Iyini inhloso ye-bronchitis engapheli? Ingabe ingelapheka?

I-bronchitis engapheli (i-COPD) ingaba mnene kwabanye abantu, kodwa ingaba yingozi kakhulu kwabanye. Kusho ukuthi amaphaphu akho alimele, nokuthi umonakalo ungaqhubeka uba mubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lo monakalo awunakuguqulwa, okungukuthi, uphulukiswe ngokuphelele.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi uphathe izimpawu zakho, wehlise ijubane lokuqhubeka kwesifo, futhi anciphise ukuqubuka kwamathumbu. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi wenzeni ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele isimo sakho. Uma ungaboni ntuthuko naphezu kokulandela ukwelashwa nemithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.

Ngokugwema izifo zokuphefumula, unganciphisa amathuba okuba izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu (ukukhushulwa).

• Ukugoma okudingekayoThola (isib. umjovo womkhuhlane, umjovo we-pneumonia).
• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Gwema izindawo ezinabantu abaningi , ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobhubhane lomkhuhlane kanye nomkhuhlane.

Lezi zinto zizokusiza ukunciphisa ubucayi besifo sakho futhi zinciphise nengozi yokugula kakhulu.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi une-bronchitis engapheli, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Ukuthola uhlelo lokwelashwa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka kungasiza ekulawuleni ukuwohloka kwesimo futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Uma unezimpawu ezilandelayo, bona udokotela:

• Uma ukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amathathu noma okwenzeka njalo.
• Uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma yokuphefumula njalo.
• Uma unomkhuhlane ophezulu (ngaphezu kwama-degree Celsius angu-39.4 / 103 degrees Fahrenheit) noma umkhuhlane ohlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezinhlanu.
• Uma ukhwehlela igazi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Kufanele ube nokuqonda okuhle ngohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa, indlela yokusebenzisa imithi, kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa amadivayisi ezokwelapha njenge-inhaler.

Eminye imibuzo ongayibuza udokotela:

• Ingabe isimo sami sizoba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?
• Ngingalindela kangakanani ukuthi isimo sami sithuthuke ngokwelashwa?
• Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi izimpawu zami zibe ngcono?
• Yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma eziya ziba zimbi okufanele ngiziqaphele?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma nginomuzwa wokuthi uhlelo lwami lokwelashwa alusebenzi?

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile lapho uthola ukuthi unesifo sesikhathi eside njenge-bronchitis engapheli / (COPD). Kodwa khumbula, izibalo azikwazi ukubikezela ukuthi kuzokwenzekani kuwe esimweni sakho esithile. Ngokukhuluma ngokwethembeka nodokotela wakho, ungathola umbono wokuthi yini ongayilindela njengoba uphatha isimo sakho. Kunezindlela zokwelapha kanye nemfundo engasiza ekunciphiseni umthelela we-bronchitis engapheli empilweni yakho.

Isifinyezo (Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kangcono isifo sofuba esingamahlalakhona esikhulume ngaso namuhla.

Khumbula, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka ukubhema ngokuphelele. Futhi, zivikele ngangokunokwenzeka ezintweni eziyingozi emaphashini akho.

Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo noma ukuphelelwa umoya, ungakuzibi futhi ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungasiza kakhulu ekukusizeni uphile impilo engcono. Ungakhathazeki, odokotela balapha ukuzokusiza.