Cabanga ukuthi ubuya ekhaya usuka ekugijimeni isikhathi eside udlale. Umzimba wakho ukhathele kakhulu, ujuluka kakhulu, futhi uphefumula kanzima. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana, konke lokhu kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, akunjalo? Noma, ngosuku olubandayo kakhulu, umzimba wakho uyathuthumela. Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu kukhona 'uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo' olumangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Ngaphandle kokuthi siqaphele, lolu hlelo lusebenza ukugcina konke okungaphakathi emzimbeni wethu kusezingeni elifanele. Namuhla sikhuluma ngale nqubo emangalisayo, okuyi-homeostasis.
Kalula nje, iyini i-homeostasis?
I-Homeostasis ilula kakhulu. Yinqubo umzimba ogcina ngayo indawo yangaphakathi (izinga lokushisa, amazinga omoya-mpilo, amazinga kashukela, njll.) izinzile futhi ilinganisela ngaso sonke isikhathi. Njengoba nje i-radiator yenjini yemoto isebenza ukugcina izinga lokushisa lenjini lisezingeni elifanayo.
Leli gama lakhiwe ngamagama amabili esiGreki. Okusho ukuthi "ukulingana" nokuthi "ukuthula." Okusho ukuthi, ukugcina konke kulinganisiwe, ngezinga elifanele. Lokhu kulinganisela akusho ukungawi lapho sihamba, kodwa kusho ukugcina konke okungaphakathi emzimbeni "kulinganisiwe."
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina lesi 'sitolo'. Ngoba, ngisho nezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kithi, uma ziba ziningi kakhulu, zingaba yingozi. Cabanga ngamanzi. Asikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwamanzi. Kodwa uma uphuza amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kungabangela isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-hyponatremia (amazinga aphansi e-sodium egazini) . Kunjalo nangomoya-mpilo. Asikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle komoya-mpilo. Kodwa-ke, uma uphefumula umoya-mpilo ohlanzekile isikhathi eside kakhulu, ungathola ubuthi bomoya-mpilo . Zombili lezi zingabulala. Ngakho-ke, manje usuyaqonda ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukugcina konke kulinganisela, akunjalo?
Ngakho-ke, le nqubo yenzeka kanjani emzimbeni?
Le nqubo ye-homeostasis yenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele, okungukuthi, ngokuzenzakalelayo. Akudingeki ngisho nokucabanga ngayo. Ingxenye encane yobuchopho bethu ebizwa ngokuthi i-hypothalamus iyisikhungo esiyinhloko esilawula konke lokhu. NjengoMphathi Omkhulu wenkampani enkulu.
Kunezindlela ezimbili ikakhulukazi le nqubo eyenzeka ngazo.
1. Impendulo Engemihle
2. Impendulo Enhle
Ake sixoxe ngalezi ezimbili ngokucacile manje. Ukuze uqonde kalula umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili, bheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Inqubo | Kwenzeka kanjani | Izibonelo ezilula |
|---|---|---|
| Impendulo Engemihle | Uma into ethile emzimbeni (isib. izinga lokushisa) ishintsha isuka kwejwayelekile, isebenza ngendlela ehlukile ukuyibuyisela esimweni sayo esijwayelekile. | Ukupholisa ngokujuluka lapho umzimba ushisa, ukufudumala ngokuthuthumela lapho kubanda. |
| Impendulo Enhle | Uma inqubo isiqalile, iyaqhubeka nokukhula , iphela kuphela uma imbangela yokuqala isisusiwe. | Ukufinyela kwesibeletho ngesikhathi sokubeletha, ukujiya kwegazi uma kwenzeka ukulimala. |
1. Inqubo Yempendulo Engemihle
"Okungalungile" lapha akusho ukuthi "kubi." Kusho ukuthi lapho umzimba ubona ushintsho, uzama ukuguqula noma ukumelana nalolo shintsho olungafuneki. Lena yindlela izinqubo eziningi ze-homeostasis emizimbeni yethu ezisebenza ngayo.
- Izinga lokushisa lomzimba: Zicabange ushisa kakhulu. Uma ubuchopho bakho bukuzwa lokhu, kukutshela ukuthi ujuluke. Njengoba umjuluko uphuma, umzimba wakho uyaphola. Futhi, uma ubanda, imisipha yakho iqala ukuthuthumela. Lokhu kuthuthumela kukhiqiza ukushisa futhi kufudumeze umzimba wakho. Lokhu 'kushisa' kwemvelo komzimba wethu kanye 'ne-AC'.
- Umfutho Wegazi: Uma usukuma ngokuzumayo esihlalweni, elinye igazi eliya ekhanda lakho lidonswa phansi ngamandla adonsela phansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lwethu luyaqala ukusebenza, lunciphise imithambo yegazi, lusheshise ukushaya kwenhliziyo kancane, futhi lugcine ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile kuya ebuchosheni. Yingakho singazizwa sinesizungu njalo.
- Ukulinganisela koketshezi emzimbeni: Uma uphuza amanzi amaningi, kuzodingeka uchame ngemva kwesikhashana. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukususa uketshezi oluthe xaxa emzimbeni nokugcina konke 'kuhlanzekile'.
- Amazinga e-oksijini: Uma uzivocavoca, imisipha yakho idinga umoya-mpilo owengeziwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, izinga lokuphefumula kwakho kanye nezinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kukhula ngokuzenzakalelayo. Lo moya-mpilo owengeziwe uthunyelwa emzimbeni wakho wonke ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma usuqedile ukuzivocavoca, kokubili lokhu kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile.
2. Inqubo Yempendulo Enhle
Impendulo enhle inqubo yokuqinisa nokusheshisa inqubo esivele iqalile. Lokhu kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho imbangela ebangele inqubo isisusiwe.
- Ukubeletha Nokubeletha: Lapho ukubeletha kuqala, umlomo wesibeletho uqala ukwanda. Lokhu kukhula kuthumela isignali ebuchosheni. Ngenxa yalokho, ubuchopho bukhipha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-oxytocin . Le hormone ibangela ukuthi isibeletho siqine kakhulu. Njengoba isibeletho siqina kakhulu, umlomo wesibeletho uyakhula kakhulu, okubangela ukuthi kukhiqizwe i-oxytocin eningi. Lo mjikelezo uyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa futhi umlomo wesibeletho ubuyela esimweni sawo esijwayelekile.
- I-Hemostasis: Uma usikekile engalweni noma emlenzeni wakho futhi wopha igazi, izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi ziyahlangana ukuze zisize ukuvala inxeba. Hhayi lokho kuphela, kodwa futhi ziqoqa izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi endaweni, njengokungathi zicela usizo olwengeziwe. Lokhu "kubiza usizo" kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ukopha kuphele ngokuphelele.
- Impendulo yomzimba kanye nokuvuvukala: Uma umzimba wethu ubhekene nokutheleleka noma ukulimala, amasosha omzimba ethu abangela ukuvuvukala. Lokhu kuvuvukala kufana nokukhanyisa indawo yokulimala. Kutshela amangqamuzana omzimba ngqo ukuthi aye kuphi. Amangqamuzana agcina ukuvuvukala kuqhubeka kuze kube yilapho edinga usizo olwengeziwe.
Kungani lokhu kulinganisela kubaluleke kangaka kithi?
Kalula nje, asikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwe-homeostasis. Zonke izifo, zonke izimo zezokwelapha esizaziyo, ziwukuphazamiseka kwale nqubo ye-homeostasis ndawana thize.
Uma ugula noma ulimele, umzimba wakho ushintsha lezi zinqubo ze-homeostatic ukuze zikusize ululame. Isibonelo, umkhuhlane uyenzeka uma unegciwane, igazi liyajiya uma ulimele, futhi umzimba uzama ukubuyisela leli bhalansi.
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlelo alukwazi ukuxazulula inkinga. Yilapho kuvela khona izimo ezingamahlalakhona.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme): Lesi simo senzeka lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukugcina umfutho wegazi usezingeni elifanele.
- I-Osteoporosis: Lesi sifo senzeka lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukwakha izicubu ezintsha zamathambo ngesivinini esifanayo nesokususwa kwe-calcium emzimbeni.
Ezinye izifo zivela ngoba le nqubo ye-homeostasis ngokwayo ayisebenzi kahle, okwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.
Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba: Ukungezwani komzimba kuyindlela engavamile yokusabela kwamasosha omzimba ethu entweni engeyona ingozi ngempela (isib. impova, uthuli, ukudla okuthile). Ukuluma kwenyosi kungadala ubuhlungu obuncane nokuvuvukala kumuntu ojwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu ongezwani nobuhlungu benyosi, le mpendulo efanayo yokuzivikela komzimba ingaholela ku-anaphylaxis.Kungaholela esimweni esibulalayo.
Izifo ezithinta amasosha omzimba: Yilapho amasosha omzimba ethu ehlasela khona ngephutha izicubu zomzimba wethu ezinempilo.
I-Sepsis: Lapho impendulo yesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ekuthelelekeni iba namandla kakhulu ukuba ingalawulwa, iqala ukulimaza umzimba ngokwawo. Lesi kungaba yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu esingaba yingozi ngokushesha.
Izinhlelo ezahlukene emzimbeni wethu zisiza kanjani kulokhu?
I-Homeostasis ayikhawulelwe ohlelweni olulodwa. Kungumzamo weqembu womzimba wonke.
Uhlelo Lwezinzwa
Uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa lufana ne-accelerator namabhuleki emoto. Lezi zinhlelo ezimbili zisebenza ngokuphambene, zigcina konke kuhlelekile.
- Isimiso sezinzwa esinozwela: Lesi 'yisisheshisi' sethu. Ngezikhathi zengozi, lesi simiso sibangela impendulo "yokulwa noma ukubaleka".
- Isimiso sezinzwa se-Parasympathetic: Lesi 'yikhefu' lethu. Lesi simiso siyaphumuza futhi sithulise umzimba uma siphephile futhi sikhululekile.
Uhlelo Lwamathambo
Ithambo lethu lihlala lishintshwa. Izicubu ezindala zamathambo ziyaqhekeka bese kwenziwa ezintsha. I-calcium ne-vitamin D kubalulekile ukuze le nqubo yenzeke kahle. Le nqubo yehla njengoba siguga. Uma ithambo elisha lingakhiwanga ngesivinini esifanayo nethambo eliqhekeka ngaso, izimo ezifana ne-osteopenia noma i-osteoporosis zingavela.
Uhlelo Lokuphefumula
Ukuphefumula kwethu kulawula nezinqubo eziningana ze-homeostasis.
- Amazinga e-oksijini: Uma sigijima, siphefumula kanzima ukuze sinikeze umzimba umoya-mpilo owengeziwe.
- I-pH yegazi: Uhlelo lokuphefumula lusebenzisa i-carbon dioxide ukulawula ibhalansi ye-acid-base yegazi lethu. Uma lokhu kulinganisela kuphazamiseka, izimo ezifana ne -respiratory acidosis noma i-respiratory alkalosis zingase zenzeke.
Uhlelo lwe-Endocrine
Lolu hlelo yilapho umzimba wethu ukhiqiza khona ama-hormone. Ama-hormone afana nezithunywa zamakhemikhali. La ma-hormone asiza ukulawula izinto eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukugaya ukudla, i-metabolism, kanye nokusebenza kohlelo lokuzala.
Njengasendabeni, imizimba yethu isebenza kahle kakhulu uma konke "kulungile." Ngokuqonda ukuthi le nqubo ye-homeostasis isebenza kanjani, singasiza imizimba yethu ukuthi ilondoloze lokho kulinganisela. Mhlawumbe ukuphuza amanzi amaningi nje, noma ukuhambahamba, noma ukuthatha imithi efanele yesimo esithile. Ukulondoloza lokhu kulinganisela kungenza umehluko omkhulu ezingeni lempilo yethu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Homeostasis inqubo ezenzakalelayo egcina konke kuzinzile futhi kulinganisela ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu.
- Le nqubo ilawulwa ubuchopho, ngaphandle kolwazi lwethu.
- Izinto ezinjengokujuluka, ukuthuthumela uma kubanda, kanye nokwenyuka kwesivinini sokuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kuyizibonelo zokuthi lesi simiso esimangalisayo siqala nini ukusebenza.
- Izifo eziningi, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, kanye nokungezwani komzimba, zenzeka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwaleli bhalansi.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukuphuza amanzi anele) kungasiza umzimba wakho ukuba ugcine leli bhalansi elibalulekile.
- Uma okuthile emzimbeni wakho kuqhubeka nokuzwakala 'kungafanele', kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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