Uke wezwa nge-Black Death emlandweni? Ungase umangale ukuzwa ukuthi lolu bhubhane olukhulu olwanyakazisa umhlaba eminyakeni engamakhulu edlule lusabikwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ubhubhane kwezokwelapha namuhla. Ungesabi uma uzwa leli gama. Ngokungafani nesikhathi esidlule, namuhla lesi sifo singelapheka ngokuphelele uma sitholakala futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngakho konke ngokucacile.
Iyini ngempela i-Plague?
Kalula nje, isifo esiwumshayabhuqe yisifo esithathelwanayo esithinta abantu nezilwane. Sibangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi 'iYersinia pestis'. Lesi sifo sivame ukusabalala yizimpukane. Cabanga nje, lapho impukane iluma isilwane esinesifo njengegundane noma i -squirrel, leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni wezimpukane. Khona-ke, lapho leyo mpukane ifika isiluma, lelo gciwane lingena emizimbeni yethu bese sithola lesi sifo. Futhi, uma sisondela eduze nezilwane ezinesifo noma abantu abagulayo, lesi sifo singadluliselwa ngqo.
Ngenhlanhla, sazi okuningi ngalezi zifo ezithathelwanayo kunabokhokho bethu. Ngenxa yalokho, lesi sifo asivamile kakhulu manje. Kubikwa amacala ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa emhlabeni wonke minyaka yonke. Kodwa-ke, sisabhekwa njengesifo esiyingozi kakhulu .
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zesifo?
Isifo sofuba sihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezintathu. Ngayinye yazo ihlukile kwenye. Ake sikuqonde ngokucacile kusukela kuleli thebula.
| Uhlobo lwesifo | Indlela kanye nohlobo lokudlulisela |
|---|---|
| Ubhubhane lwe-Bubonic | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ngokuvamile lusakazeka ngokulunywa yintwala ethelelekile. Phakathi nezinsuku ezingu-2-8, amabhaktheriya ayaqoqana futhi abangele ukuthi ama-lymph node avuvuke. La maqhubu avuvukele futhi abuhlungu abizwa ngokuthi "ama-buboe." |
| Ubhubhane Lwe-Septicemia | Lokhu kungabangelwa ukulunywa yizimpukane noma ukuthintana nesilwane esinalesi sifo. Uma isifo se-bubonic singelashwa, amagciwane angangena egazini futhi abangele lesi simo. |
| Ubhubhane Lwe-Pneumonic | Lolu uhlobo olubi kakhulu noluyingozi kakhulu . Ngoba yilona kuphela olungasakazeka ngqo kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye. Lusakazeka ngokuphefumula amaconsi emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Luba lubi kakhulu ngokushesha (phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-1-3). |
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Izimpawu zesifo esiwumshayabhuqe ziqala ukuvela phakathi kosuku olu-1 nolu-8 ngemva kokutheleleka. Iningi labantu liqala ukuzwa izimpawu ezijwayelekile njengokukhathala okukhulu, umkhuhlane oqala ngokuzumayo, ukubanda, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu . Kamuva, izimpawu ezithile ziyavela kuye ngohlobo lwesifo.
Izimpawu Zesifo Se-Bubonic
Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Uphawu oluyinhloko amaqhubu avuvukile abizwa ngokuthi "ama-buboe." Lokhu ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu kakhulu okuvame ukuvela emakhwapheni, embotsheni, noma entanyeni. Uma kungelashwa, amagciwane angasakazekela kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
Izimpawu Zesifo Sobhubhane Lwe-Septicemia
Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kunesifo se-bubonic. Lapha, amabhaktheriya angena ngqo egazini. Izimpawu zifaka:
- Ukopha emlonyeni, ekhaleni, noma esitulweni, kanye nokopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
- Ubumnyama besikhumba, ikakhulukazi eduze kwekhala kanye neminwe.
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu , isifo sohudo , ukuhlanza , kanye nokushaqeka.
Izimpawu Zesifo Somphunga
Lolu uhlobo olungavamile nolubulalayo kakhulu. Uma lungelashwa, ukufa kuyaqinisekiswa.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba.
- Ukukhwehlela, ngezinye izikhathi igazi.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma uke waba sendaweni lapho kuvame khona amagundane, bona udokotela ngokushesha . Ihora ngalinye libalulekile kulesi sifo.
Lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa kanjani?
Uma unezimpawu zobhubhane futhi uye endaweni lapho kubikwe khona lesi sifo noma usengozini, udokotela wakho angase akusole. Ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa, uzothumela isampula yegazi lakho noma ingxenye encane yezicubu ezivela ku-lymph node evuvukele elabhorethri. Lapho, bazohlola ukuba khona kwebhaktheriya ethi `Yersinia pestis`.
Isikhathi sibaluleke kakhulu ekwelashweni.
Uma unezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzokungenisa esibhedlela bese eqala ukukunikeza ama-antibiotic ngokushesha. Imithi evame ukunikezwa yile:
- I-Ciprofloxacin
- I-Doxycycline ( i-Doxycycline )
- I-Gentamicin
- I-Levofloxacin
Lokhu kwelashwa kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngama-antibiotic, abantu abaningi bayalulama phakathi nesonto noma amabili. Kodwa khumbula, uma kungelashwa, abantu abaningi abanesifo sofuba bazofa. Ngakho-ke uma unokungabaza ngezimpawu zakho, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
Singazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo esiyingozi?
Akukho muthi wokugomela isifo esiwumshayabhuqe, ngakho into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singasabalali. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula esingazenza ukuze senze lokho.
- Gcina ikhaya lakho lihlanzekile: Uma kukhona imigodi noma imifantu engavumela amagundane nama-squirrel ukuthi angene ekhaya lakho, vala.
- Hlanza ingadi: Susa futhi ulungise izindawo lapho izilwane zingacasha khona, njengezinqwaba zamaqabunga, izingodo, namatshe.
- Sebenzisa isixosha izinambuzane: Uma uhamba ezindaweni ezinamahlathi noma uhamba ngezinyawo, faka isixosha izinambuzane esine-DEET esikhumbeni sakho ukuze uzivikele ezintuthwaneni.
- Hlala kude nezilwane zasendle: Ungazithinti izilwane zasendle eziphilayo noma ezifile. Uma kudingeka, gqoka amagilavu.
- Nakekela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo: Nikeza inja noma ikati lakho ukwelashwa kwezinambuzane ngesikhathi esifanele.
- Ungavumeli izilwane ezifuywayo ezizulazula ngaphandle zilale embhedeni wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo esiwumshayabhuqe siyisifo esiyingozi kakhulu esibangelwa amagciwane, kodwa singelapheka ngokwelashwa okusheshayo .
- Ivame ukusabalala yizimpukane ezivela ezilwaneni ezinegciwane, njengezimpuku, nabantu abalumayo.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko umkhuhlane osheshayo, ukubanda, kanye nokuvuvukala okubuhlungu (ama-buboe) emakhwapheni, embotsheni, noma entanyeni.
- Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, ikakhulukazi uma uke waba sendaweni lapho kunezilwane ezifana namagundane khona, ungalibali bese ubona udokotela ngokushesha..
- Ungazivikela kulesi sifo ngokugcina indawo yakho ihlanzekile, ukugwema izilwane zasendle, nokunakekela impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo.
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