Ngaba wakha waziva umphimbo obuhlungu, impumlo evuzayo, kunye nobuthathaka? Ewe, lo ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo esiwaziyo sonke. Abanye abantu bawubiza ngokuba ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Lo ngomnye wemiba eqhelekileyo ebomini bethu. Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye kanye le mkhuhlane? Ingaba imbi? Simele senze ntoni xa umntwana ewufumana? Masifumanise yonke into ngayo namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo?
Ngamafutshane, umkhuhlane lusulelo olusulelayo kwindlela yethu yokuphefumla ephezulu, oluyimpumlo, umphimbo, ii-sinuses, kunye neendlela zomoya, olubangelwa yintsholongwane. Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba yi-coronavirus. Enyanisweni, kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 zeentsholongwane ezinokubangela umkhuhlane. Kwezi, ezona zixhaphakileyo liqela leentsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba zii-rhinoviruses .
Ibizwa ngokuba yi "common flu" kuba ixhaphakile, kwaye kuba ixhaphakile. Nangona abantu abadala beyifumana malunga nezihlandlo ezibini okanye ezintathu ngonyaka, abantwana abancinci banokuyifumana rhoqo, izihlandlo ezine nangaphezulu.
Zithini iimpawu zomkhuhlane?
Iimpawu zomkhuhlane aziqhelekanga ukubonakala ngaxeshanye. Zivela ngamanqanaba. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezo zigaba.
| Iqonga | Ixesha | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonwayo |
|---|---|---|
| Inqanaba lokuqala | Iintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 | Iimpawu ziqala kusuku olunye okanye ezintathu emva kokuba usulelo luqalile. Iimpawu zokuqala zibuhlungu emqaleni okanye emqaleni obuhlungu. Ezinye iimpawu ziquka impumlo egobhozayo, ukuxinana kwempumlo, ukukhohlela, kunye nokurhawuzelela. |
| Isigaba esisebenzayo | Iintsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7 | Ngeli xesha, iimpawu ziyanda. Ukongeza kwiimpawu zangaphambili, unokuba neentlungu zomzimba, iintloko ezibuhlungu, amehlo nempumlo ehlala imanzi, ukudinwa, kunye nokuziva ubuthathaka. Abantwana abancinci banokuba nomkhuhlane ngeli xesha. |
| Inqanaba lokugqibela | Iintsuku ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 | Okwangoku, ukugula kuya kube kuphelile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okwethutyana, mhlawumbi ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu ngeli xesha, okanye ukuba umkhuhlane wakho uyabuya, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Kungaba luphawu lolunye usulelo. Umzekelo, imeko efana ne-bronchitis, i-sinusitis, okanye i-pneumonia. |
Zithini iimpawu zomkhuhlane kumntwana omncinci?
Xa iintsana zinomkhuhlane, zinokwenza izinto ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneyabantu abadala. Azikwazi ukuthetha, ngoko ke kunzima ukubona. Ngoko ke kufuneka siziqaphele ezi mpawu.
- Ukuphuma kwempumlo: Ekuqaleni isenokuba namanzi, kodwa kamva inokuba nkulu ize ibe ngwevu, tyheli, okanye ibe luhlaza.
- Ingwenya.
- Umkhuhlane: Umkhuhlane omalunga ne-101-102 Fahrenheit (38.3-38.9 Celsius) unokubakho.
- Umnqweno Wokutya: Ukusela ubisi kunokunciphisa umdla wokutya.
- Ukwanda kokuqunjelwa: Oku kungenzeka ngenxa yobunzima bokuginya ngenxa yomphimbo obuhlungu.
- Ukukhwehlela.
- Ukukhala rhoqo nokungazoli.
- Ii-sebaceous glands (ii-sebaceous glands) zidumbile kancinci.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala unomkhuhlane, musa ukucinga nje ukuba ngumkhuhlane, kodwa mse kugqirha ngoko nangoko. Isenokuba luphawu lwento enzulu.
Ngaba umntwana wakho unomkhuhlane? Okanye yinto enzulu ngakumbi? Uyazi njani?
Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu ezifana nezo zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo zinokubangelwa zizifo ezinzulu. Ukuba usana lwakho okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zeempawu ezingezantsi, fowunela ugqirha ngokukhawuleza okanye umse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele! | |
|---|---|
| 🚨 | Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuba impumlo zakho ziyakhula xa uphefumla, ukuba uphefumla ngokukhawuleza). |
| 🚨 | Ukuba isifuba sakho singena kakhulu kangangokuba iimbambo zakho ziyabonakala xa uphefumla. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba imilebe ijika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba uyala ukutya okanye ukusela (usenokuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni). |
| 🚨 | Ukuba uneendlebe ezibuhlungu. |
| 🚨 | Ukukhwehlela okuhlala iiveki ezingaphezu kwe-3. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba ukugula komntwana kubonakala ngathi kuya kusiba mandundu endaweni yokuba kube ngcono. |
Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo usasazeka njani?
Ewe, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu . Ukuze le ntsholongwane ingene emzimbeni wakho, kufuneka ingene kwi-mucous membrane emanzi, njengempumlo yakho, amehlo, okanye umlomo.
Khawuthelekelele, xa umntu onomkhuhlane ethimla okanye ekhohlela, amathontsi anentsholongwane angena emoyeni. Ukuba uphefumla loo moya, intsholongwane ingangena empumlweni yakho ize ikugulise. Ngokufanayo, ukuba umntu onesifo usula impumlo yakhe aze achukumise isitshixo somnyango, intsholongwane ingahlala kuloo mqheba. Emva koko, ukuba uchukumisa eso sitshixo somnyango uze uchukumise impumlo, umlomo, okanye amehlo akho ngeso sandla sinye, intsholongwane ingangena emzimbeni wakho.
Ungasasaza esi sifo komnye umntu kwangethuba emva kosuku okanye ezimbini emva kokuba iimpawu zokuqala komkhuhlane zibonakalisiwe. Nangona kunjalo, usuleleka kakhulu kwiintsuku ezintathu zokuqala, xa iimpawu ziphezulu.
Uyinyanga njani ingqele?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule apha kukuba akukho nyango okanye iyeza elithile lomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Ekubeni lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane, amajoni omzimba kufuneka alwe nalo aze aphile kwiintsuku ezisi-7-10. Esinokukwenza kukwenza izinto ezinceda ukulawula iimpawu.
Kutheni amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane enganyangi umkhuhlane?
Le yingcamango engaqhelekanga. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga usulelo lweentsholongwane . Umkhuhlane ubangelwa ziintsholongwane . Ke ngoko, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awayinyangi umkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha umkhuhlane unokukhokelela kwiintsholongwane ezifana nosulelo lweendlebe kunye ne-pneumonia. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
Yintoni enokwenziwa ngeempawu?
Kukho amayeza onokuwathenga kwiikhemesti ukunciphisa iimpawu. Kodwa ungaze uwanike la mayeza ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu: Ungathatha amayeza afana neParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen xa ukhwehlela okanye uqaqanjelwa ngumzimba.
- Kwimiphunga exineneyo: Kukho amayeza (anciphisa ukuxinana kwempumlo) anciphisa ukuxinana kwempumlo.
- Kwimpumlo egobhozayo nokuthimla: Ii-Antihistamines zinokunceda.
- Kwimithi yokukhwehlela: Kukho imithi yokuthomalalisa ukukhwehlela kunye nemithi yokuphuma komoya, kodwa le mithi ayikhuthazwa kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala.
Kwakhona, isikhumbuzo: Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa naliphi na iyeza, ingakumbi ukuba ulinika abantwana.
Yintoni onokuyenza ekhaya xa usana oluncinci lunomkhuhlane?
Musa ukunika umntwana wakho amayeza omkhuhlane ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Endaweni yoko, ungenza oku kulandelayo:
1. Gcina umntwana ekhululekile: Mgcine efudumele kwaye ekhululekile.
2. Nika umntwana wakho ulwelo oluninzi: Ukuba umntwana wakho ungaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, qhubeka umnika ubisi lwebele okanye ubisi lwefomyula. Ukuba umntwana wakho ungaphezulu kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, ungamnika namanzi.
3. Phumla: Mvumele umntwana alale kakuhle aze aphumle.
4. Coca impumlo: Iintsana ezincinci azikwazi ukuvuthela impumlo zazo. Ngoko ke xa impumlo zazo zivalekile, kunzima ukusela ubisi.
- Ityuwa kunye nokufunxa:Faka amathontsi etyuwa (amanzi anetyuwa) avela kwikhemesti emakhaleni omntwana, uze emva kwemizuzu embalwa, usebenzise i-suction bulb ukufunxa i-mucus. Ukwenza oku malunga nemizuzu eli-15 ngaphambi kokuncancisa kuya kunceda umntwana ukuba aphefumle lula.
- Ukuphefumla ngomphunga: Ukuba unesixhobo sokufumisa umoya, sisebenzise. Okanye, vala ucango lwegumbi lokuhlambela, vula itephu yamanzi ashushu, uze uthathe umntwana wakho nihlale kwigumbi elinomphunga kangangemizuzu eli-15. Ungaze umshiye yedwa umntwana wakho. Ukuhlamba ngamanzi afudumeleyo nako kulungile.
- Ijeli yepetroleum: Ukuba ulusu olujikeleze iimpumlo zakho lomile kwaye lubomvu, faka ijeli yepetroleum encinci. Kodwa ungayifaki ngaphakathi kwempumlo yakho.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi komkhuhlane, umkhuhlane (iFlu) kunye neCOVID-19?
Iimpawu zazo zontathu ezi zifo ziyafana kakhulu, ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha ziyabhideka. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwazo.
| Uphawu | Okubandayo Okunye | Umkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) | I-COVID 19 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ifiva | Azifane zenzeke (zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni) | Kudla ngokubakho umkhuhlane ophezulu. | Zininzi. |
| Intlungu yomzimba | Kancinci kancinci | Ininzi, inamandla | Kusenokuba zininzi. |
| Ukugodola/ukugodola | Hayi kakhulu. | Ininzi | Kusenokuba zininzi. |
| Ukudinwa | ingayiyo | Ininzi, ininzi | Ininzi, ininzi |
| Ukuzingela iingwenya | Ininzi | ingayiyo | ingayiyo |
| Ukulahlekelwa yivumba/incasa | Amaxesha amaninzi (ngenxa yokuxinana kwempumlo) | Amaxesha amaninzi | Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo (iyahluka ngohlobo) |
Ungakuthintela njani ukubanjwa ngumkhuhlane?
Nangona ingenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
- Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo: Kubalulekile ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi. Ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nasemva kokuphefumla impumlo yakho.
- Kuphephe ukuchukumisa ubuso bakho: Musa ukuchukumisa amehlo, impumlo, okanye umlomo wakho ngezandla ezingahlanjwanga.
- Coca iindawo eziphathwa rhoqo: Gcina iindawo ezifana nezibambo zomnyango kunye nezitshixo zokukhanyisa zicocekile.
- Qinisa amasosha omzimba wakho: Lala ngokwaneleyo, yitya ukutya okunesondlo, kwaye uzilolonge.
- Hlala ekhaya ukuba uyagula: Ukuba uyagula, hlala ekhaya uphumle ukuze ungasasazeki kwabanye.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo lusulelo oluqhelekileyo olubangelwa yintsholongwane. Akukho ndlela ithile yokuwunyanga.
- Ekubeni olu luhlobo losulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi.
- Ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, ukusela ulwelo, kunye nokunyanga iimpawu yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza.
- Xa abantwana abancinci neentsana benomkhuhlane, qaphela kakhulu iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumla, umkhuhlane ophezulu, kunye nokwala ukutya.
- Soloko ufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngaphambi kokuba unike naluphi na unyango, ingakumbi ebantwaneni.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho zihlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-10 okanye ziya ziba mandundu, bona ugqirha.
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