Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga ne-COVID-19!

Lo bhubhane we-Covid-19 `(COVID-19)` sele ukho okwethutyana ngoku, akunjalo? Ekuqaleni, sonke besisoyika kakhulu, kuba izinto ezininzi bezintsha. Kodwa ngoku, sele siqhelene nokuphila nale ntsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basenemibuzo ngayo, kwaye ezinye izinto zisenokungacaci. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngezinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana nokuba yintoni le Covid-19, indlela yokuzikhusela kuyo, kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba uyagula. Njengokuthetha nomhlobo, ngokulula.

Yintoni i-COVID-19? Ngaba ukhe wayiva loo nto?

Ngamafutshane, kwakusekupheleni kuka-2019 apho olu hlobo lutsha lwe-coronavirus, oogqirha abalubiza ngokuba yi -'(SARS-CoV-2)' , lwaqala ukubangela iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ebantwini. Isifo esibangelwa yile ntsholongwane yinto sonke esiyaziyo njenge -'Covid-19' . Le yintsholongwane esasazeka ngokukhawuleza nangokulula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Yiyo loo nto abantu kwihlabathi liphela beyivile imiphumo yayo.

Ngoku khangela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo koku kukuba wonke umntu oneminyaka engaphezu kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala kufuneka ahlaziye isitofu sakhe se-Covid-19 `(isitofu)`, oko kukuthi, sigcinwe `(sihlaziyiwe)` . Kuba, ngesitofu sangoku esihlaziyiweyo, sifumana ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo kwiintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo kuluntu. Ngoko ke ungalibali oko, kulungile?

Ngoko ke, yintoni ubhubhane? Sihlala siliva eli gama.

Ewe, besiliva eli gama kakhulu ngexesha leCovid, akunjalo? Khawuthelekelele, ukuba kwilali ethile okanye kwisixeko esithile, abantu abaninzi kunokuba besilindele bafumana isifo esifanayo, sisithi yi -'Epidemic' . Ngoku, ukuba esi sifo asiphelelanga kwilizwe elinye kuphela, kodwa sisasazeka kumazwe amaninzi, okanye kwihlabathi liphela, oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Pandemic' . Kanye njengokuba iCovid-19 isasazeke kwihlabathi liphela.

Ezi zifo zobhubhane ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba namaza . Oko kukuthi, amaxesha apho abantu abaninzi bosulelwa ngaxeshanye. Ukuba intsholongwane isasazeka kakhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke xa abantu abosulelweyo bebuthana kwindawo enye, njengaxa benganxibanga iimaski okanye begonyiwe. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba intsholongwane iguquke ibe yindlela engosuleli kangako neyingozi ngakumbi.

Ngamanye amaxesha, isifo sinokuba yinto eyenzeka rhoqo . Oko kukuthi, esi sifo besisoloko sikhona kuluntu oluthile okanye kwindawo ethile, kodwa asisasazeki ngequbuliso ngamaza amakhulu. Isifo esihlala sikhona sisasazeka ngendlela ezinzileyo neqikelelweyo. Umzekelo, izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo kunye nomkhuhlane zizifo ezihlala zikhona. Ngoku kubonakala ngathi iCovid-19 isenokuba yinto eyenzeka rhoqo. I-World Health Organization (WHO) yabhengeza iCovid-19 njengengxamiseko yempilo yoluntu kwihlabathi liphela ngoMeyi 2023. Oko kuthetha ukuba akusekho loyiko njengangaphambili, kodwa kufuneka silumke.

Zithini iimpawu ze-COVID-19?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, 'Zithini iimpawu ze-COVID?' Makhe ndikubuze oku... I-COVID-19 inokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Abanye abantu banokuzibona zimbi kakhulu, ngelixa abanye bengaziboni zimbi kakhulu. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ngumkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye neengxaki zesisu (ezifana nokuqaqamba kwesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, kunye norhudo) .

Ukongeza, abanye abantu banamava afana nala:

• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iintlungu zomzimba (njengasemva kokuzilolonga)
• Ukulahlekelwa yincasa nevumba (le yinto abantu abaninzi abaye bayibona)
• Ukonakala kolusu
• Iimpawu zomkhuhlane (njengempumlo egobhozayo, umphimbo orhawuzelelayo)

Iintsana ezincinci zinokwahluka kancinci . Zisenokuba nomsindo, zingathandi ukutya, okanye zibe nomkhuhlane nje. Ngoko ke ukuba umntwana omncinci uziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kufuneka ukhathazeke.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba abanye abantu ababonisi zimpawu nokuba bafumene intsholongwane. Banokusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye bengazi nokuba ibangelwa yintoni.

Yintoni i-MIS-C? Ngaba yinto eyahlukileyo ebantwaneni?

Ewe, oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ebantwaneni. Abanye abantwana abane-COVID-19, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha emva kweeveki bephilile, banokubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha ngenxa yokudumba emzimbeni wabo wonke. Oku kubizwa ngoogqirha ngokuba yiMultisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) .

Khawuthelekelele unyana/intombi yakho iphucukile emva kokuba ifumene i-COVID, kodwa emva kweeveki ezimbini okanye ezintathu ngequbuliso iba nomkhuhlane, ikhalaze ngentlungu yesisu, kunye neentlungu zomzimba... Emva koko kuya kufuneka ucinge nge-`(MIS-C)`. Oku kunokubangela umkhuhlane, kwaye umntwana angabonakala egula kakhulu. Kunokuchaphazela neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ezifana nentliziyo, iiseli zegazi, imithambo yegazi, ulusu, amehlo, kunye nenkqubo yesisu.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-`(MIS-C)` zezi:

• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Urhudo
• Ukuhlanza
• Izilonda zesikhumba
• Amehlo abomvu (njengaxa ungalali ngokwaneleyo)
• Isiyezi

`(MIS-C)` yimeko enzulu enokubangela umonakalo kumalungu omzimba ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba oku kunqabile kakhulu , kwaye uninzi lwabantwana luyaphila ngokupheleleyo emva kokufumana unyango. Ngoko ke musani ukoyika, kodwa bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu.

Ngoko ke yintoni le "COVID ende"?

Ah... le yinto abantu abaninzi abathetha ngayo. Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ixesha elide (ngesiqhelo ngaphezulu kwenyanga) emva kokuba bephilile kwi-COVID-19. Le meko ikwabizwa ngokuba yi -COVID yexesha elide okanye 'imeko yasemva kwe-COVID-19' .

Ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu ziqala kwangoko, kodwa okumangalisayo kukuba, abanye abantu banokuziveza kamva, nokuba sele bephilile ngokupheleleyo kwesi sifo, okanye nakubantu abosulelekileyo abangenazo iimpawu.

Nazi ezinye zeempawu ezinokubonakala kwi-"Long COVID":

• Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha (kungakhathaliseki ukuba ulala kangakanani na, akubonakali kwanele)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iingxaki zokungalali okanye zokulala
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (nokuba uqhuba kancinci)
• Ubunzima bokugxininisa (abanye abantu bakubiza oku ngokuthi 'yingxolo yengqondo' , ngokungathi intloko yakho igqunywe yingxolo)
• Intlungu yemisipha kunye namalungu
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungangqalanga
• Utshintsho kwincasa kunye/okanye ivumba (ezinye izinto zinencasa eyahlukileyo)

Oku kuyinto yengqondo kwabanye abantu, kuba bacinga ukuba, "Kutheni ndingaziva kakuhle?" Kodwa le yimeko yokwenyani, kwaye oogqirha basaphanda ngale nto.

Bekungayi kuba kuhle na ukwazi ukuba i-Covid-19 isasazeka njani?

Inene! Ukwazi indlela esisasazeka ngayo esi sifo kwenza kube lula ngathi ukufumana iindlela zokuzikhusela kuso. Intsholongwane ethi `(SARS-CoV-2)` isasazeka kakhulu emoyeni . Njengomsi, xa umntu etshaya icuba, umsi usasazeka nakwabo bamngqongileyo.

Ingasasazeka ukusuka kubantu abosulelekileyo, oko kukuthi abo baneempawu, ukuya kwabanye, kwanabo bangenazo iimpawu . Xa umntu osulelekileyo ephefumla, ethetha, ecula, ehleka, ethimla, okanye ekhohlela, amasuntswana amancinci eentsholongwane (amathontsi kunye nee-aerosols) akhutshwa emoyeni. La masuntswana anokungena empumlweni, emlonyeni, okanye emehlweni omnye umntu, okanye anokuphefumlwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha la masuntswana anokuhlala emoyeni imizuzu ukuya kwiiyure, ehamba ngemisinga yomoya. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko omkhulu kukuba xa abantu besondelelene, bechitha ixesha elininzi kunye, beqokelelana ngaphakathi (oko kukuthi, ngaphakathi emakhaya, kwiiofisi), kwaye indawo yangaphakathi ibonakala ngathi ayinamoya ujikeleza kakuhle . Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukugcina iifestile neengcango zivuliwe.

Enye indlela kukuba abantu banokosulelwa ngokuchukumisa indawo enentsholongwane kuyo (umzekelo, isiciko socango, itafile) baze bachukumise impumlo, umlomo, okanye amehlo abo. Nangona kunjalo, kuthiwa le ndlela yokusasazeka ayinamathuba amaninzi kunasemoyeni .

Oogqirha basakhangela ezinye iindlela intsholongwane enokusasazeka ngazo. Le ntsholongwane ifunyenwe kwizinto ezifana nendle, iinyembezi, kunye nesidoda, kodwa akukaqinisekiswa ukuba ingasasazeka ngazo. Ayisasazeki ngokutya okanye ngamanzi . Ayisasazeki rhoqo, isasazeka ebantwini ukuya kwizilwanyana, kodwa umngcipheko wokusasazeka kwentsholongwane ukusuka kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ukuya ebantwini ubonakala uphantsi kakhulu. Umngcipheko wokuba intsholongwane isasazeke ukusuka kumama okhulelweyo osulelekileyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe esibelekweni nawo uphantsi.

Ngaba i-COVID-19 iyingozi ebantwaneni? Njengabazali, kufuneka sikuqaphele oku.

Lo ngumbuzo abazali abaninzi abanawo. Enyanisweni, abantwana banamathuba afanayo okufumana le ntsholongwane njengabantu abadala. Kodwa abantwana badla ngokuba neempawu ezingabalulekanga kangako, ngamanye amaxesha bengenazo kwaphela iimpawu.. Oko kuyathuthuzela. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantwana baneempawu eziqatha ngakumbi (njengemeko ye-`(MIS-C)` esithethe ngayo ngaphambili), kwaye okubuhlungu kukuba, abanye abantwana basweleke ngenxa ye-COVID-19. Ngoko ke ayinakuthathwa lula ngokupheleleyo.

I-COVID-19 ngamanye amaxesha inokukhokelela kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -myocarditis, okukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo. Ebantwaneni, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kukudinwa, ukuphefumla kancinci, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye iintlungu zesisu . Uninzi lwabantwana luyaphola ngokupheleleyo kwi-myocarditis, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye ibangele umonakalo wentliziyo ixesha elide.

Enye into kukuba oogqirha baqaphele ukuba ngeli xesha lobhubhane, ingakumbi emva kokuqhambuka kwe-COVID-19, inani eliphezulu labantwana liye lafunyaniswa linesifo seswekile . Kukwakho nokwanda okufanayo kwinani lamatyala e-POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome) , imeko apho isantya sentliziyo siba sisantya ngokungaqhelekanga xa simi. Izizathu zolu nxulumano azikaqondwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa uphando oluthe kratya lwenziwa ukuze kuphandwe oku.

Inyangwa njani i-COVID-19 ukuba uyagula?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sijonge into omawuyenze ukuba ufumana i-COVID-19. Uninzi lwabantu abaneempawu ezincinci, kuquka nabantwana, abadingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo . Ngokwesiqhelo:

• Ukuphumla kakuhle
• Ukusela ulwelo oluninzi (njengamanzi, ipapa, ijusi yeziqhamo)
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane, thatha amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane (njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele).

Ezi zinto zibenza bazive bekhululekile.

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantwana abasengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu yi-COVID-19 (umzekelo, abantwana abanezinye izifo ezingapheliyo) banokunikwa amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane ukuthintela ukuba bagule kakhulu baze bafune ukulaliswa esibhedlele. La mayeza kufuneka amiselwe ngugqirha.

Abanye abantu abaneempawu eziqatha banokufuna unyango lwasesibhedlele, mhlawumbi kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) . Apho, oogqirha banokubajonga ngokusondeleyo, babanike ioksijini ukuba kuyimfuneko, babanike ulwelo lwe-IV , baze banyange naziphi na iingxaki. Amaxesha amaninzi, amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane okanye ii-steroids zinokunikwa. Abantu abanobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla banokufuna ukuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wokuphefumla (obizwa ngokuba yi-ventilator ).

Ndingenza ntoni ukuba umntwana wam uneempawu ze-COVID-19? Ndingenza ntoni ngaphandle kokukhathazeka?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ze-COVID-19, i-"MIS-C" esithethe ngayo ngaphambili, okanye akaziva kakuhle okanye uziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga, musa ukoyika, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo thetha nogqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ugqirha wabantwana .

Xelela ugqirha ukuba umntwana wakho usandul’ ukuba kunye nomntu one-COVID-19, okanye ukuba uhlala okanye uye waya kwindawo apho esi sifo sixhaphake khona. Ugqirha unokugqiba ukuba umntwana wakho kufuneka:

• Ngaba kufuneka ndivavanyelwe usulelo (`(uvavanyo lwe-COVID-19)`)?
• Ndingayinyanga ekhaya?
• Uyafuna ukuza kubona ugqirha?
• Ndingafumana iingcebiso ngevidiyo okanye ngenkonzo yezempilo ?

Ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, mse esibhedlele okanye utsalele umnxeba iinkonzo zongxamiseko ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzulu:

* Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, ukuqina kwesifuba xa uphefumla)

* Intlungu yesisu eqatha

* Intlungu yesifuba okanye uxinzelelo

* Ndididekile kwaye ndingakwazi ukuqonda oko kuthethwayo (ukungathethi ngendlela efanelekileyo ngokweminyaka, inkumbulo engasebenzi kakuhle)

* Ubunzima bokuhlala uphaphile (ukozela kakhulu)

* Ukuba imilebe okanye ubuso bakho bubonakala buluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ezi mpawu.

Yintoni enye ekufuneka ndiyazi ukuze ndihlale ndikhuselekile kwi-COVID? (Iindlela zokuthintela)

Kusoloko kulungile ukwenza ezi zinto zilula ukuze uhlale ukhuselekile kuyo nayiphi na intsholongwane, kungekuphela nje kwi-COVID-19. Ukwenza ezi zinto zibe yinxalenye yemisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla yinto enkulu.

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle kwaye rhoqo . Hlikihla izandla zakho ngesepha namanzi ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20. Ukuba isepha namanzi azifumaneki, sebenzisa isicoci sezandla esine-60% yotywala.
• Ziphephe izinto ezibonakala ngathi zigula, zikhohlela, okanye zinomkhuhlane kangangoko unako.
• Gcina izinto eziphathwa rhoqo (ezifana nezibambo zomnyango, iikhawuntara, iitafile, iifowuni, izitshixo zokukhanyisa) zicocekile ngokuzisula ngolwelo lokubulala iintsholongwane ubuncinane kube kanye ngemini, ukuba kunokwenzeka.
• Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo yakho ngethishu okanye ngaphakathi kwengqiniba yakho.
• Kuseyindlela elungileyo ukunxiba imaski yobuso xa usiya kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi nezingenamoya uneleyo.

Ndingalufumana phi ulwazi oluthe kratya kunye nolwazi lwamva nje malunga ne-COVID-19?

Ulwazi luhlala lutshintsha ngenxa yezifo ezinje ngolu. Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukufumana ulwazi kwimithombo ethembekileyo. Ungajonga iwebhusayithi yeZiko lase-US loLawulo nokuThintela izifo (CDC) kunye newebhusayithi ye-World Health Organization (WHO) . Kwakhona, qaphela izibhengezo ezikhutshwe yiSebe lezeMpilo kwilizwe lakho.

Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo esifanele sizithathele ekhaya kweli bali

Kaloku, sithethe kakhulu nge-COVID-19, akunjalo? Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo endifuna ukukuxelela yona kukuba i-COVID-19 yinto esenokuba phakathi kwethu. Ngoko ke into ebalulekileyo kukungabi naxhala, kodwa kukwenza ngobulumko.

Khumbula:

* Ukugonywa ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungakukhusela wena, usapho lwakho, kunye noluntu.

* Lumka ngeempawu . Ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.

* Zixhalabise ngakumbi ngokhuseleko lwabantwana . Qaphela iimpawu zabo kunye neemeko ezifana ne-`(MIS-C)`.

* Ungalibali ngococeko . Izinto ezilula ezifana nokuhlamba izandla zakho zinokukunceda ukhuseleke kakhulu.

Ngokulandela ezi zinto, sinokuhlala sisempilweni kwaye sikhuselekile kungekuphela nje kwi-COVID-19, kodwa nakwezinye izifo ezininzi. Ukuba unemibuzo eminye, ungaze woyike ukuthetha nogqirha.

` [I-Covid-19, i-COVID-19, ubhubhane, iimpawu, impilo yabantwana, ugonyo, uthintelo, iingcebiso zempilo]