Ingabe wena noma othandekayo wakho nihlushwa yisifo sikaParkinson noma ukuthuthumela okungalawuleki ( i-Tremor )? Kuyadabukisa ngempela lapho, naphezu kokwelashwa njalo, uthola isimo sakho siba sibi usuku nosuku. Kodwa-ke, isayensi yezokwelapha isifinyelele eqophelweni lapho singanikeza khona ithemba elisha. Lokhu kwelashwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-Deep Brain Stimulation, noma i-DBS ngamafuphi.
Kuyini Ukukhuthazwa Kobuchopho Obujulile (i-DBS)?
Kalula nje, i-DBS inqubo yezokwelapha enikeza imisinga kagesi eqondile nemnene ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho bakho. Cabanga ngayo njenge- 'Pacemaker ' yobuchopho bakho. Ngesikhathi senqubo, kufakwa idivayisi encane ngaphansi kwesikhumba eduze kwethambo lakho lentamo. Izintambo ezincane ezixhunywe kule divayisi ziletha izimpawu zikagesi ngqo ezindaweni zobuchopho ezizidingayo. Lezi zimpawu zisiza ekuvuseleleni amangqamuzana obuchopho angasebenzi kahle, angaphatha ngempumelelo izimpawu zezimo ezahlukahlukene zezinzwa.
Ubani odinga lokhu kwelashwa, futhi ngani?
Amaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni bethu, aziwa ngokuthi ama-neurons , axhumana ngezibonakaliso zikagesi nezamakhemikhali. Ezimweni ezithile zezokwelapha, umsebenzi wala ma-neurons uyancipha ezindaweni ezithile zobuchopho, okubangela ukuthi lezo zindawo zingasebenzi kahle. Isibonelo, uma ukunyakaza okulawula ama-neurons kuphazamiseka, ungase ube nobunzima bokuhamba noma ukulawula izitho zakho zomzimba.
I-DBS isebenzisa imisinga kagesi yokwenziwa "ukuvusa" lawa ma-neuron angasebenzi. Ngenkathi abacwaningi besafunda izindlela eziqondile zokusebenza, imiphumela yezokwelapha ibe yinto eshintsha impilo yabaningi.
| Izimo Ezivunyelwe Okwamanje Zokwelashwa Kwe-DBS | |
|---|---|
| I-Dystonia | Isimo esibangela ukufinyela kwemisipha okungahleliwe, ukusonteka, kanye nokuma okungavamile. |
| Ukuduma Okubalulekile | Ukunyakazisa okungalawuleki kwezingxenye ezithile zomzimba, ikakhulukazi izandla. |
| Isifo Sokuxhuzula Esimelana Nemithi | Ukuquleka okungenakukwazi ukulawulwa ngokwanele ngemithi. |
| Isifo sikaParkinson | Uma isifo siqhubeka futhi ukusebenza kahle kwemithi kuqala ukuncipha. |
| I-OCD engamelani nemithi | Imicabango ephazamisayo kanye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiwe okungaphenduli emithini. |
Okubalulekile: Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka ngezinye izimo eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukulutheka , isifo sika-Alzheimer , ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, kanye ne-Tourette syndrome. Kodwa-ke, i-DBS ayikabhekwa njengokwelashwa okujwayelekile kwalezi zimo.
Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?
Lokhu akuyona inqubo eyodwa kodwa inqubo evame ukwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili noma ezintathu zokuhlinzwa.
Ukulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizochaza ngokugcwele izinzuzo, izingozi, kanye nokulindelekile. Uzohlolwa njenge-MRI noma i-CT scan ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ungumuntu ofanelekela le nqubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho:
- Ukubuyekezwa Kwemithi: Ungase ucelwe ukuthi umise imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha noma yimiphi imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngaphandle kwemiyalelo eqondile evela kudokotela wakho.
- Ukuhlanzeka: Kungase kudingeke ukuthi usebenzise i-shampoo noma insipho ethile yokubulala amagciwane ukuze ulungise isikhumba sakho sekhanda.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukubulala izinzwa , kuzodingeka uyeke ukudla amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa bese uphuza uketshezi amahora amabili ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Ngesikhathi Sokuhlinzwa
Isigaba 1: Ukubekwa Kwabaholi
Lesi yisinyathelo esiyinhloko sokuhlinzwa. Ikhanda lakho lizoqiniswa ngohlaka olukhethekile. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzovula isikhala esincane ekhanda lakho ukuze afake izintambo ezincane ezinama-electrode endaweni eqondile ebuchosheni bakho.
Ngokumangalisayo, ungase uhlale uphapheme ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yokuthi ubuchopho ngokwabo abuzizwa ubuhlungu, lokhu kuvumela ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ukuthi likucele ukuthi wenze imisebenzi elula (njengokuhambisa izitho zakho noma ukukhuluma) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ama-electrode abekwe endaweni efanele.
Ngemva kwalokhu, uzobhekwa esibhedlela usuku lonke ngaphambi kokuba ukhishwe esibhedlela.
Isigaba 2: Ukubekwa Kwejeneretha Yokusunduza
Lokhu kwenziwa njengenqubo ehlukile ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Kudalwa isikhwama esincane ngaphansi kwesikhumba eduze kwethambo lakho lentamo ukuze kugcinwe i-pulse generator (ibhethri pack). Izintambo ezivela ebuchosheni bakho zifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi zixhunywe kudivayisi, futhi ukusikwa kuyavalwa. Ngokuvamile ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Emasontweni ambalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzovakashela udokotela wakho ukuze ahlele i-pulse generator. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, amaphethini kagesi ayalungiswa ukuze avumelane nezidingo zakho ezithile. Kungathatha ama-aphoyintimenti ambalwa okulandelela ukuthola izilungiselelo ezifanele zezimpawu zakho.
Amabhethri ngokuvamile ahlala iminyaka emi-3 kuya kwemi-5, yize amamodeli amasha ashajwayo angahlala iminyaka efinyelela kweyi-9. Ukushintsha ibhethri kuyindlela elula nencane yokuhlinzwa.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi Nezinkinga |
|---|---|
| Enye indlela ephumelela kakhulu lapho imithi ingasanikezi impumuzo eyanele. | Izingozi ezijwayelekile zokuhlinzwa, njengokuphuma kwegazi noma ukutheleleka okungenzeka. |
| Ukwelashwa okushintsha impilo okwenzelwe ukuthuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. | Izinkinga ezihlobene nedivayisi, njengokushintshwa komthofu noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwebhethri. |
| Izilungiselelo zingalungiswa ngaphandle kokuphazamisa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ukuze zivumelane nezidingo zakho ezishintshayo. | Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ngesikhathi sokulinganisa, njengokungalingani noma ukudideka. |
| Inqubo iyakwazi ukuhlehliswa; idivayisi ingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa uma kudingeka. | Ukungaphatheki kahle kwesikhashana njengobuhlungu bekhanda noma ukuba ndikindiki okuncane. |
Isikhathi Sokufuna Ukunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha
Ngenxa yokuthi i-DBS iyindlela yokuhlinzwa kwezinzwa, kubalulekile ukuhlala uqaphile mayelana nokululama kwakho. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo, xhumana nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze.
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu elingapheli noma eliqhubekayo.
- Ukopha okuvela ezindaweni zokuhlinzwa.
- Ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ukufudumala okungavamile okuzungeze izimbobo zakho (izimpawu ezingaba khona zokutheleleka).
- Ukushintsha kombono ngokuzumayo, njengokubona kabili noma ukubona okufiphele.
- Umkhuhlane ongu-38.3°C (101°F) noma ngaphezulu.
Ukuphila ngedivayisi yakho ye-DBS
Ngingawasebenzisa yini amadivayisi kagesi?
Ngokuvamile, izinto zasekhaya ezivamile njenge-microwave, amakhompyutha, kanye nama-smartphone aziphazamisi idivayisi yakho. Kodwa-ke, izinhlelo zokuphepha okuphezulu njengezitholi zensimbi zasesikhumulweni sezindiza zingaba yingozi. Uzonikezwa ikhadi le-ID yesiguli ozoliveza kulezi zimo.
Ngingakwazi yini ukwenza i-MRI scan?
Cha. Lokhu kubalulekile: Ezimweni eziningi, iziguli ezine-DBS implant azikwazi ukuskena i-MRI ngokuphephile. Amandla kazibuthe anamandla asetshenziswa emishinini ye-MRI angalimaza idivayisi yakho. Njalo yazisa abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo ukuthi unesistimu ye-DBS ngaphambi kokwenza noma iyiphi inqubo yokuxilonga yezokwelapha.
Ingabe i-DBS iyayelapha inkinga eyisisekelo?
Cha. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-DBS iyithuluzi lokuphatha, hhayi ikhambi. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukusiza ukulawula izimpawu zakho nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwakho kwansuku zonke.
Umlayezo Wokugoduka (Nirogi Lanka)
- Ukukhuthazwa Kobuchopho Obujulile (i-DBS) kuyindlela yokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi, esekelwe ebufakazini enikeza ithemba elivuselelwe ngezimo ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson kanye nesifo sokuwa lapho imithi ingasasebenzi.
- Nakuba kuwukuhlinzwa kobuchopho okunezingozi ezingokwemvelo, inqubo ephumelelayo ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukuzimela kwakho kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila.
- I-DBS ayilaphi lesi sifo, kodwa iphumelela kakhulu ekuqiniseni izimpawu.
- Lesi yisinqumo esibalulekile sezokwelapha. Sikukhuthaza ukuthi ube nengxoxo evulekile neningiliziwe nochwepheshe wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lena yindlela efanele yohambo lwakho lwezempilo.
ukukhuthazwa kobuchopho okujulile, i-DBS, ukuhlinzwa kwemizwa, isifo sikaParkinson, isifo sokuwa, ukuthuthumela, i-dystonia
