Ingabe uhlela uhambo oluzayo phesheya kwezilwandle? Uma uya ezindaweni ezifudumele—ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zase-Afrika, eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, noma eMpumalanga Ephakathi—kumele uqaphele umalaleveva . Lesi yisifo esisongela ukuphila esisakazwa omiyane esingaba yingozi uma singelashwa ngokushesha. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ungathatha izinyathelo zokuhlala uphephile. Esinye sezivikelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa imithi yokuvimbela, eyaziwa ngokuthi “ amaphilisi kamalaleveva ”.
Iyini i-Malaria, Futhi Lawa Maphilisi Asebenza Kanjani?
Kalula nje, umalaleveva yisifo esibangelwa yi-parasite engena emzimbeni wakho ngokulunywa umiyane. Uma usuthelelekile, ungase ube nomkhuhlane omkhulu, amakhaza, kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba . Ngaphandle kokungenelela okufanele kwezokwelapha, kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo.
Amaphilisi kamalaleveva esixoxa ngawo athathwa ngaphambi kokuba ugule ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka ukuthi kungangeni. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'umuthi wokuvimbela' . Uthatha umuthi usephilile ukuze wakhe isithiyo esivikela amagciwane—njengokuphatha isambulela ukuze uhlale womile ngaphambi kokuba imvula iqale ukuna.
Nokho, sicela ukhumbule lokhu: amaphilisi e-malaria awanikezi isivikelo esingu-100%. Ngakho-ke, ngenkathi uthatha imithi yakho, kufanele uqhubeke usebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuzivikela . Ukusebenzisa imithi yokuxosha izinambuzane , ukugqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide ukuze umboze isikhumba sakho, kanye nokulala ngaphansi kwenetha lomiyane kubalulekile.
Izinyathelo Okufanele Uzithathe Ngaphambi Kokuhamba
Ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo zokuphepha ngaphambi kokuba uhambe kubalulekile ukuze uphephe.
- Cwaninga indawo oya kuyo: Vakashela amawebhusayithi e-World Impilo Organization (WHO) noma i-CDC ukuze uhlole ingozi yomalaleveva ezweni oya kulo. Izindawo ezifana ne-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara, izingxenye zeNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, iMelika Ephakathi/eNingizimu, kanye neMpumalanga Ephakathi zinezingozi eziphezulu.
- Yazi uhambo lwakho: Cacisa ukuthi yiziphi izifunda noma izindawo zasemakhaya ozivakashelayo, njengoba izinga lengozi lingahluka kakhulu ezweni elifanayo. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi akhethe umuthi ofanelekela kangcono izinhlobo ezithile zezinambuzane kuleyo ndawo.
- Xhumana nodokotela wakho: Lesi yisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu. Hlela i-aphoyintimenti amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha ngaphambi kohambo lwakho . Eminye imithi kamalaleveva idinga ukuqalwa amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu kusengaphambili, ngakho-ke ukuhlela kusenesikhathi kubalulekile.
Kufanele Uyithathe Kanjani Imithi?
Cishe kuzodingeka uphuze umuthi ngaphambi kohambo lwakho, phakathi nokuhlala kwakho, kanye nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamane ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya. Lokhu kuyadingeka ngoba amagciwane e-malaria angahlala emzimbeni wakho isikhashana ngemva kokudluliselwa ukulunywa.
Le mithi isebenza ngokubhubhisa amagciwane ngesikhathi esesibindini sakho noma emangqamuzaneni abomvu egazi, imisa ukugula ngaphambi kokuba kuqale. Ngisho noma usebenzisa imithi, kunengozi encane yokutheleleka, kodwa uma uphuza kahle, unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola umalaleveva ngamaphesenti angama-90 .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqaphele ukuthi lokhu akusiwo umuthi wokugomelaOkwamanje, awukho umuthi wokugomela umalaleveva otholakala kabanzi. Lona umuthi wokuvimbela kuphela.
Imithi Evamile Yomalaleveva
Udokotela wakho uzokhetha umuthi ofanele ngokusekelwe endaweni oya kuyo kanye nomlando wempilo yakho. Nasi isifinyezo sezinketho ezivamile:
| Igama Lomuthi | Indlela Yokuthatha | Amanothi / Imiphumela Engemihle |
|---|---|---|
| I-Atovaquone-proguanil (i-Malarone) | Qala izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngaphambi kohambo; thatha nsuku zonke phakathi nohambo kanye nesonto elilodwa ngemva kwalokho. | Imiphumela emibi embalwa. Ayifanele abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abanesifo sezinso. Izindleko ziphezulu. |
| I-Chloroquine | Qala isonto eli-1-2 ngaphambi kohambo; thatha kanye ngesonto phakathi nohambo kanye namasonto ama-4 ngemva kwalokho. | Ayisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokumelana nemithi ezinhlotsheni ze -P. falciparum . Kunconywa kuphela ezindaweni ezithile nezilinganiselwe. |
| I-Doxycycline | Qala izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngaphambi kohambo; thatha nsuku zonke phakathi nohambo kanye namaviki angu-4 ngemva kwalokho. | Ingabizi. Kungabangela ukucasuka kwesisu, ukuzwela ilanga, kanye nokutheleleka kwemvubelo. Akuyona eyabesifazane abakhulelwe noma izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8. |
| I-Mefloquine | Qala isonto eli-1-2 ngaphambi kohambo; thatha kanye ngesonto phakathi nohambo kanye namasonto ama-4 ngemva kwalokho. | Kufanelekela abesifazane abakhulelwe. Akukhuthazwa uma unomlando wokuquleka, izimo zenhliziyo ezinzima, noma izifo zengqondo. |
| I-Primaquine | Qala izinsuku ezingu-1-2 ngaphambi kohambo; thatha nsuku zonke phakathi nohambo kanye nesonto elilodwa ngemva kwalokho. | Kungabangela ukucasuka kwesisu. Akufanele abesifazane abakhulelwe noma labo abanesifo se-G6PD. |
| I-Tafenoquine (i-Arakoda) | Thatha nsuku zonke izinsuku ezintathu ngaphambi kohambo, masonto onke phakathi nohambo, kanye ngosuku lwesikhombisa ngemva kokubuya. | Kwabaneminyaka engu-16 nangaphezulu. Kungabangela ukuphazamiseka kwesisu. Akufanele abesifazane abakhulelwe/abancelisayo, labo abanesifo se-G6PD, noma labo abanomlando wezifo zengqondo. |
Kuthiwani Uma Uba Nezimpawu?
Uma uba nezimpawu ze-malaria (umkhuhlane ophakeme, ukubanda, noma izinhlungu zomzimba) phakathi nohambo lwakho noma ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Kungase kudingeke uvakashele igumbi lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze nawe noma esibhedlela. Isikhathi sibalulekile; ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ukuvimbela izinkinga.
Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlobo oluthile lwe-malaria bese ekhetha ukwelashwa okufanele, njengoba ezinye izilokazane zingamelana nemithi. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzosekelwe ku:
- Uhlobo lwegciwane le-malaria
- Iminyaka yakho
- Isimo sakho sempilo iyonke
- Imithi yokuvimbela oyithathile (uma ikhona)
- Isimo sokukhulelwa
- Umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye neminye imithi yamanje
Ngokuvamile, imithi oyithathayo yokuvimbela ihlukile kunemithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni okusebenzayo, ngakho-ke sicela wazise udokotela wakho ngalokho oye wakuthatha.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
- Uma uya phesheya kwezilwandle ezindaweni ezithandwa kakhulu yi-malaria, xhumana nodokotela kusasele amasonto angu-4-6 .
- Amaphilisi e-malaria awaqinisekisi ngokuphelele. Sebenzisa amanethi omiyane kanye nezinto zokuxosha.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngokuqinile. Thatha yonke imithi—ngaphambi, ngesikhathi, nangemva kohambo lwakho.
- Uma uzwa umkhuhlane, ukubanda, noma ukuthuthumela phakathi noma izinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kohambo lwakho, kuphathe njengesimo esiphuthumayo esingaba khona bese ucela usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha .
Umalaleveva, Imithi kamalaleveva, Amaphilisi kamalaleveva, Ukuhamba kwamanye amazwe, Izifo ezithwalwa omiyane, Ukuvimbela umalaleveva, i-Doxycycline
