Akunakusho ukuthi ubhubhane lwe-Covid-19 lushintshe kangakanani izimpilo zethu. Ngisho noma sonke sigonyiwe futhi sivikelwe ngandlela thile, leli gciwane ngeke lihlale kude . Izinhlobo ezintsha zalo zivela ngezikhathi ezithile. Ungase ukhumbule i-Alpha, i-Beta, kanye nohlobo lwe -Omicron olukhulunywa ngalo muva nje. Njengoba igciwane liqhubeka nokuguquka ngale ndlela, imijovo yamanje ngezinye izikhathi ingase ingasebenzi kahle ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kwalezi zifo ezintsha. Ngakho-ke ngaphezu kwalokhu, kwenziwa ucwaningo emhlabeni wonke ngezinye izindlela eziphephile. Ikakhulukazi, ngezindlela zokuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi njengemicimbi emikhulu yezemidlalo namakhonsathi omculo. Lolo olunye ucwaningo esizokhuluma ngalo namuhla. Lokho kumayelana nesifutho samakhala esakhiwayo se-Covid.
Iyini le spray yekhala ye-Covid evivinywayo?
Nakuba lokhu kusesesigabeni socwaningo, i-National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) e-United States yenza lolu cwaningo. Kalula nje, lo umuthi ongafuthwa ekhaleni. Kuze kube manje, ukuhlolwa kwamagundane kubonise imiphumela ephumelele kakhulu . Ngakho-ke abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi unamandla okunikeza isivikelo esifanayo kubantu.
Njengoba lokhu kusekusha, akukho ulwazi oluningi mayelana nezinzuzo noma imiphumela yako emibi. Kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa isifutho ekhaleni ngemva kokuba umuntu evezwe yigciwane kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka. Bakholelwa nokuthi uma isifutho sisetshenziswa ngokushesha ngemva kokuvezwa (phakathi kwamahora ayi-12) , singasetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni.
Kulolu cwaningo, amagundane ajovwa ngama-receptor eseli lomuntu futhi atholakala egciwaneni le-Covid, okuyigciwane le-SARS-CoV-2. Ngemuva kwalokho, anikwa isifutho esiqukethe le molekyuli ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi i-N-0385. Kwafakazelwa ukuthi le molekyuli ingavikela amagundane ekuthelelekeni. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kutholakale ukuthi isebenza kahle hhayi kuphela egciwaneni lokuqala le-Covid, kodwa nasezinhlotsheni zalo ezahlukahlukene .
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokwelashwa okukhona kanye nalesi sifutho sekhala?
Njengoba kuvela izinhlobo ezintsha zegciwane le-COVID-19, ukusebenza kahle kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezikhona zama-antibody kuyehla. Eqinisweni, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezikhona zama-antibody azikwazi ngisho nokulawula uhlobo lwe-Omicron. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zindlela zokwelapha zama-antibody zibiza kakhulu. Kunzima ukuzenza, ukuzithutha, nokuzigcina. Futhi zinganikezwa udokotela kuphela. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, kunzima emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi ukufinyelela lezi zindlela zokwelapha.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sifutho esisha samakhala sihlukile ngokuphelele. Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze usiqhathanise.
| Isici | Isifutho Sekhala | Ukwelashwa Kwama-Antibody |
|---|---|---|
| Intengo kanye nokukhiqizwa | Akubizi futhi kungakhiqizwa kusetshenziswa amagciwane avamile njenge-E. coli. | Kubiza kakhulu. Kunzima ukukhiqiza, ukuthutha, nokugcina. |
| Isitoreji | Ingagcinwa izinzile ngisho noma amazinga okushisa aphezulu. | Kumelwe kugcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile zokuqandisa. |
| Isetshenziswa kanjani | Ungayifutha ekhaleni lakho. Kulula kakhulu. | Kufanele inikezwe udokotela kuphela nge-intravenously (IV). |
| Ngokumelene nezinhlobo | Ukuhlolwa kukhombisile ukuthi iyasebenza ngokumelene nezinhlobo eziningi ezintsha. | Impumelelo ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezintsha (isb. i-Omicron) iphansi. |
Abacwaningi banethemba lokuthi maduze nje bazoyenza le spray yamakhala itholakale ngisho nasemakhemisi avamile.
Isebenza kanjani le spray yamakhala?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga kuqala ukuqonda ukuthi igciwane le-Covid lingena kanjani emizimbeni yethu. Cabanga ukuthi igciwane le-Covid lifana nebhola elincane elinama-spikes amaningi. Sibiza lawa ma-spikes ngokuthi ama-spike protein . Amaseli omzimba wethu anama-receptor afanelana kahle nala ma-spikes, njengokhiye ofanelana ne-lock. Uma lawa ma-spike protein egciwaneni enamathela kula ma-receptor emaseli ethu, igciwane lingena emaselini bese lisenza sigule.
Ukwelashwa kwamanje kwama-antibody kuvimbela lawa maprotheni e-spike. Kodwa njengoba igciwane lishintsha futhi kuvela izinhlobo ezintsha, isimo salawa maprotheni e-spike naso siyashintsha kancane. Khona-ke ukwelashwa okudala akukwazi ukubona kahle isimo esisha.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sifutho esisha samakhala sisebenza ngendlela ehlukile. Asiqondisi iphrotheni ye-spike yegciwane, kodwa i-receptor kumaseli ethu . Ngamanye amazwi, lokho okwenziwa yilesi sifutho ukuvala okwesikhashana 'ukukhiya'. Khona-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi 'ukhiye' wegciwane uhlukile kangakanani, akukho ukukhiya okulifaka. Yingakho sikholelwa ukuthi le ndlela ingaphumelela nasezinhlotsheni ezintsha.
Ingabe lokhu kuphumelele ngempela?
Ekuhlolweni kuze kube manje, lokhu kube yimpumelelo enkulu kumagundane. Lapho amagundane atheleleke nge-Covid enikwa lesi sifutho se-N-0385, ama-70% asinda , futhi amaphaphu awo abonakala engonakali. Kokunye ukuhlolwa, lapho amagundane ayi-10 enikwa lokhu kwelashwa izinsuku ezi-4, wonke ayi-10 asinda. Kodwa-ke, elilodwa kuphela kumagundane angama-20 anikwa isisombululo esivamile se-saline esikhundleni salokhu kwelashwa lasinda.
Lezi zivivinyo zibonisa ukuthi lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ethembisayo kakhulu. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqala izivivinyo zabantu. Uma imali edingekayo isitholiwe, sizokwazi ukwazi kahle ukuthi lokhu kuphephile futhi kusebenza kahle kangakanani kubantu. Ngakho-ke, kumelwe sikhumbule ukuthi lokhu kusesesigabeni socwaningo. Kodwa kunamandla okuba yisikhali esinamandla ekulweni namagciwane afana ne-Covid esikhathini esizayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ucwaningo luyaqhubeka okwamanje ngesifutho samakhala sokuvikela igciwane le-COVID-19. Lokhu kusahlolwa.Isesesigabeni sokucwaninga futhi ayikakhishwa ukuze isetshenziswe umphakathi.
- Ukuhlolwa okusetshenziswa amagundane kube nemiphumela ephumelela kakhulu, futhi kusebenze kokubili ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kanye nokwelapha ezigabeni zokuqala zokutheleleka.
- Lesi sifutho kulindeleke ukuthi sibe yindlela eshibhile, elula ukuyisebenzisa, futhi elula ukuyigcina esikhundleni sokwelashwa kwama-antibody okubizayo futhi okunzima ukukusebenzisa njengamanje.
- Lokhu kusebenza ngokuvimbela okwesikhashana ama-receptor kumaseli ethu avumela igciwane ukuthi lingene, kunokuba lihlasele izingxenye zegciwane. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuthi lisebenze ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezintsha zegciwane.
- Kungemva kokuvivinywa kwabantu kuphela lapho impumelelo yangempela nokuphepha kwalokhu kungaqinisekiswa khona. Ngakho-ke, nakuba kunethemba ngekusasa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola imijovo yamanje nokulandela izeluleko zezempilo.
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