I fa hian a awm reng a harsat em? An tlan chhuak reng em, an zuang chhuak reng em, thupek an ngaihsak lo em ni, a nih loh leh sikul hnathawhnaah an rilru an pe reng em? Nu leh pa i nih angin, heng nungchangte hian lungkhamna emaw, ṭanpui theih loh emaw pawh a siam thei che a ni. Damdawi lam hawi chuan hei hi ADHD , a nih loh leh attention deficit hyperactivity Disorder tia hriat a ni. Mahse, hriatthiam tur pawimawh ber chu ADHD hi amah chauhvin a rawn lang tam lo hle. Rilru hriselna emaw nungchang lama harsatna dang emaw nen a inzawm fo thin. Heng overlapping conditions te hi a awm chuan Complex ADHD kan ti thin.
Eng thilin nge ADHD hi “Complex” a siam?
A awlsam zawngin, naupang pakhatin ADHD a vei tih hmuhchhuah a nih a, a ruala hriselna lama harsatna pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw a neih belh chuan Complex ADHD-ah dah a ni. Research atanga a lan dan chuan ADHD nei naupang pathum zinga pahnih chuan co-occurring condition pakhat tal an nei thin. Hei hian i fa mamawh hriatthiamna leh enkawlna \ha pek chu a harsa deuh thei a ni.
ADHD nena inzawm tlangpui dinhmun hi han thlir ila.
| Condition ADHD nena lo awm ve ve | Hrilhfiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) tih a ni a, a rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk. | Puitlingte nena inhnial reng te, dan bawhchhiatna te, tumruh taka midang tihbuai te, leh thinrimna chhuak fo te ang chi nungchang te. |
| Lungkhamna (anxiety Disorder) a ni | Hmalam hun tur, mite emaw, mahni emaw hlauhna emaw, lungkham lutuk emaw, nghet taka awm. |
| Lungngaihna | Hun rei tak chhunga lungngaihna emaw, beiseina nei lo emaw, a hmaa an hlim em em thiltihte ngaihven lohna a thlen fo ṭhin. |
| Autism Spectrum lama harsatna awm thei te | Inbiakpawhna leh inpawh tawnna lama harsatna, thil tih nawn fona nen a inzawm fo thin. |
| Thil hriatna lama harsatna nei | Kum beisei aia tlem lo, ngaihtuahna, harsatna chinfel dan, leh mahni invenna lama harsatna awmte. |
| Tics/Tourette Syndrome natna a ni | A duh loh zawnga, taksa chetna (blink emaw limb jerking ang chi) emaw, aw ri (vocal sound) tih nawn fo thin. |
| Substance hmansualna (Substance Use Disorder) a ni | A bik takin tleirawlteah chuan ADHD nena inzawm impulsivity hian substance experiment neih theihna a tipung thei a ni. |
Symptoms hriatchhuah leh Buaina pumpelh
Naupang tinte hi a chang chuan chakna nei emaw, ngaihtuahna tihbuai emaw hi thil pangngai tak a ni. Mahse, ADHD nei naupangteah chuan heng miziate hi khelh dan pangngai aia nasa zawk a ni. Heng nungchangte hian an zirna lama an hlawhtlinna, chhungkaw nun leh khawtlang nunphung nasa takin a nghawng a ni.
ADHD natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu:
- Thusawi lutuk.
- Thut reng emaw, ngaihtuahna seng reng emaw harsatna.
- Thiante emaw puitling emaw nena inhnial fo thin.
- Chronic forgetfulness emaw thil dah dik lohna emaw.
- Ngaihtuahna nei lova thiltih ( impulsivity ).
- Thil tihsual fo, fimkhur loh taka tihsual.
Harsatna chu a chunga kan sawi tak dinhmunte chhinchhiahnate hi ADHD nen a inzawm tlat a, chu chuan hriat chian a harsa hle.
Entirnan, naupang pakhatin sikul a harsatna a neih chuan ADHD emaw, Learning Disorder hran emaw avanga ngaihven lohna vang a ni thei. Chutiang bawkin naupang chu a thinrim fo emaw, a lemchan fo emaw a nih chuan ADHD chhinchhiahna emaw, ODD a nihzia tilangtu emaw a ni thei.
Engtin nge a hriat chhuah?
Complex ADHD hi "test" pakhat mah a awm lo—thisen test emaw scan emaw a awm lo. I fate zingah heng symptoms te hi i hmuh chuan a tha ber chu neurodevelopmental conditions lama thiamna bik nei specialist te zawh hi a ni.
Chutiang specialist-te chu:
- Naupang rilru lam doctor te
- Naupang rilru lam thiamte
- Naupang hmasawnna lam doctor te
I specialist chuan evaluation kimchang tak a nei ang a, i fate nungchang leh hriselna chanchin a sawipui ang che. ADHD leh co-occurring conditions screen nan standardized assessment tools an hmang thei bawk. I thusawi te, zirtirtu leh i fa hre chiang berte hnen atanga i thil hmuhchhuah te hi heng chhinchhiahnate hian an nitin nun a nghawng dan dik tak siam chhuahna kawngah a hlu hle a ni .
Enkawlna kawng hrang hrang
Complex ADHD enkawl hi team hmalakna a ni. Doctor pakhat mahin a mah chauhin a enkawl thei lo; chu ai chuan, specialist hrang hrangte chuan i fate mamawh bîk ang zêla mi mal enkawlna ruahmanna siam tûrin an thawk ho a ni.
Enkawlna chu naupang nunah nghawng lian ber thlentu dinhmun chu dah pawimawh hmasak aṭangin ṭan a ni tlangpui , chu chu ADHD, ODD, emaw, lungkhamna emaw pawh ni se. Enkawlna ruahmannaah hian a hnuaia mite hi a inzawm khawm tlangpui a ni:
1. Damdawi
Naupang zawng zawng hian damdawi an mamawh vek lo va, mahse mi tam tak tan chuan enkawlna ruahmanna \ha tak, kimchang tak siamna atana thil pawimawh tak a ni.
- Stimulant damdawi: ` Methylphenidate ` (eg, Ritalin, Concerta) leh ` Amphetamine ` (eg, Adderall ) te hian ADHD symptoms bulpui ber ber, ngaihsak lohna, hyperactivity , leh impulsivity te enkawlna kawngah a tangkai hle. Heng damdawi te hian ODD nena inzawm symptoms te pawh a tidam thei bawk.
- Antidepressants: I fain lungkhamna emaw, lungngaihna emaw a neih chuan heng damdawi te hi nungchang lama enkawlna nen hman dun theih a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu damdawi zawng zawng hi specialist doctor enkawlna hnuaiah khauh taka pek leh enkawl vek tur a ni .
2. Psychosocial Support
Hei hian i fate’n nitin nun a kalpui theihna tura ruahman, nungchang leh zirna lama ruahmanna siamte a huam a ni.
- Psychoeducation: Nang leh i fate chu an dinhmun leh enkawlna awm thei te hriatthiamna chiang tak kan pe a ni.
- Behavior Therapy: Hei hian i fate chu an rilru put hmang leh nungchangte a hriat theih nan, a hriatthiam theih nan leh a tihreh theih nan a pui a ni.
- Organizational Skills Training: I fate chu an hnathawh tur structure leh nitin hnathawh dan tha taka enkawl dan kan zirtir thin.
- Social Skills Training: Hei hian inbiakpawhna \ha tak siam dan tur, \hian siam dan tur leh khawtlang dinhmun \ha taka kalpui dan tur kaihhruaina a pe a ni.
3. School kalphung (School Strategy) te
Zirtirtuten i fate chhawmdawlna kawngah hmun pawimawh tak an chang a ni. Classroom dan chiang taka lantir te, nungchang tha atana chakna tha pek te, leh dan bawhchhiatna avanga a rah chhuah mumal tak vawn reng te ang chi strategy te hian classroom enkawlna nasa takin a tichangtlung thei a ni. Tin, naupang thenkhat chuan an zirna lama an mamawh phuhruk nan Individualized Education Program (IEP) hmangin hlawkna an hmu thei bawk.
4. Nu leh Pate Training
He zinkawngah hian nangmah hi i pawimawh ber a ni. I fate nungchang enkawl dan tur zirtirna dawng hi a pawimawh hle. Heng programme te hian:
- In lamah te, sikulah te, leh khawtlang nunah te nungchang harsa tak takte enkawl rawh.
- Chhungkaw dan mumal tak leh nitin nunphung mumal tak siam rawh.
- Thiltih duhthusam (entir nan, hnathawh zawh emaw, unaute nena inrem taka buaina chinfel emaw) fuih nan positive reinforcement hmang rawh.
- Thil tihsual a awm chuan a rah chhuah dik leh mumal tak kalpui.
Nakin hun chu eng nge ni?
Complex ADHD enkawl hi hun rei tak chhunga tih tur a ni. Naupang ṭhenkhat tân chuan, a lan chhuah dân chu puitlin thlengin a awm reng thei a, chu chuan rilru lam, khawtlâng lam, leh zirna lama harsatna awm reng a thlen thei a ni.
Mahse, thu lawmawm ber chu, ṭanpuina mumal tak, dik tak i neih chuan, i fa chuan heng harsatnate hi hlawhtling taka hmachhawn dân a zir thei tih hi a ni. I fate hmasawnna hun chhung zawnga enkawlna kawng hrang hrangte enfiah leh siamrem hian sikul leh a hnu lama an hlawhtlin theihna hun tha ber i pe a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Complex ADHD tih hian emotional emaw behavioral condition dang pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw nena ADHD awmna a kawk a ni.
- Symptoms te chu a inzawm khawm thei a, diagnosis chu a harsa thei hle a; specialist nena professional consultation neih a pawimawh hle.
- Treatment hi team effort a ni a, damdawi ei, behavioral therapy, school support, leh nu leh pate active participation te a tel a ni.
- Hun rei tak chhunga zinkawng a nih laiin, Nirogi Lanka leh i medical team te hnen atanga inpekna puihnain i fa hian nun hlawhtling leh hlim tak a nei thei a ni.
- I fate nungchang chungchangah harsatna i neih chuan i doctor hnenah zawh vat rawh.
