Ake sithi uthenge ithikithi wapakisha izikhwama zakho ukuze uye ezweni olithandayo. Konke kuhamba kahle. Kodwa ingabe uke wacabanga ngempela ngempilo yakho ngesikhathi sohambo lwakho nangemva kwalo? Nakuba singazi, uma uhambela kwamanye amazwe, kungadingeka ukuthola imithi yokugoma ekhethekile ukuze uzivikele ezifweni ezingavamile ezweni lethu, kodwa ezivamile kulawo mazwe. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngale mithi yokugoma okudingeka uyazi uma ufuna uhambo olujabulisayo nolunempilo kwamanye amazwe.
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Akuyona into enhle ukuphuthuma kudokotela ngomzuzu wokugcina ngemuva kokuthola ithikithi lakho lendiza. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi eminye imijovo ingathatha amasonto ama-4 kuya kwayi-6 ukuthi isebenze emzimbeni futhi ihlinzeke ngokuvikeleka okugcwele. Futhi, eminye imijovo ayisebenzi ngomthamo owodwa futhi idinga imithamo emibili noma emithathu, ehlukaniswe amasonto ambalwa.
Ngakho-ke, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuhlangana nodokotela womndeni wakho (udokotela) okungenani inyanga noma inyanga nesigamu ngaphambi kohambo lwakho, uthole iseluleko esidingekayo mayelana nezwe oya kulo kanye nemininingwane yohambo. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungenza konke okudingayo ngesikhathi ngaphandle kokuhlupheka.
Yimiphi le 'mithi yokugoma evamile' ebalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu?
Ngaphambi kokuba unqume ukuthi uya kuliphi izwe, kufanele uhlole ukuthi imijovo yakho ejwayelekile isesikhathini yini. Lena imijovo esiyithola eSri Lanka kusukela ebuntwaneni ukuze sizivikele ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Njengoba lezi zifo zitholakala nakwamanye amazwe, uma usuqedile imijovo yethu ejwayelekile kuzokunikeza isivikelo esikhulu.
Hlola ithebula elingezansi bese ukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kufanele yini uthole yonke le mithi yokugoma noma uma udinga umthamo wokukhulisa.
| Umuthi Wokugoma Ojwayelekile | Izifo ezivikelwe |
|---|---|
| Umuthi wokugomela i-combined measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) | Ihlinzeka ngesivikelo kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu: isimungumungwane, ugonogono kanye ne-rubella. |
| Isimungumungwane, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu (Tdap/DTP) | Ihlinzeka ngesivikelo kulezi zifo ezintathu ezinkulu. Abantu abadala nabo badinga umthamo 'wokukhuthaza' ngezikhathi ezithile. |
| Uvendle | Lo mjovo ubalulekile ngoba i-polio isekhona kwamanye amazwe. |
| Inqubulunjwana | Uma ungazange uthole i-chickenpox useyingane noma ungawutholanga umjovo, kubalulekile ukuwuthola. |
| I-Hepatitis B | Kuvikela ekuthelelekeni okukhulu okuthinta isibindi. |
| Umuthi Wokugomela Umkhuhlane Waminyaka Yonke | Ukuvikela amagciwane omkhuhlane ashintsha minyaka yonke. |
| I-COVID 19 | Kubalulekile ukuthi uthole imijovo ye-COVID-19 enconyiwe kanye nemithamo yokuqinisa. |
Yimiphi imigomo ekhethekile edingekayo kuye ngokuthi uvakashela izwe lini?
Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abanawo. Ukugoma okuthile okudingayo kuncike ngokuphelele ezweni oya kulo .
Imithi yokugoma enconywa kakhulu
Abahambi abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abaya emazweni aseNingizimu Asia, e-Afrika, naseNingizimu Melika, bayanconywa ukuthi bagonyelwe i-Hepatitis A kanye ne-Typhoid . Zombili lezi zifo zidluliselwa ngokudla namanzi angcolile . Sisengozini yokuthola lezi zifo uma sidla ukudla okuvela endaweni engaziwa noma siphuza amanzi asemabhodleleni.
Imithi yokugoma okufanele uyithole
Uma uya kwamanye amazwe e-Afrika noma eNingizimu Melika, kuyimpoqo ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Yellow Fever . Lokhu akusikho nje ukuncoma. Ngeke uvunyelwe ukungena kulawo mazwe ngaphandle kobufakazi bokuthi uwutholile lo muthi wokugomela.
Amazwe angadingi ukugonywa okukhethekile
Kodwa-ke, uma uya ezweni elithuthukile njengeCanada, iJapan, i-Australia, iNew Zealand, kanye namazwe amaningi aseNtshonalanga Yurophu, ungase ungadingi eminye imijovo ekhethekile. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ngabe usuqedile imijovo evamile esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni.
Izindlela zokuzivikela ezibalulekile kodwa ezingezona ezokugoma
Azikho izindlela zokugomela ezinye izifo ezinkulu, kodwa kunezinye izindlela zokuzivikela kuzo.
Umalaleveva
Umalaleveva akusona isifo esingavinjelwa ngomuthi wokugomela. Kodwa-ke, uma uya endaweni lapho umalaleveva uyingozi khona (njengezindawo ezithile ezishisayo e-Afrika nase-Asia), udokotela wakho angase akunike iphilisi ukuze akuvikele kuwo. Kufanele uqale ukuthatha lo muthi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kohambo, uqhubeke nokuwuthatha phakathi nohambo lwakho, bese uqhubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokubuya kwakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha yonke imithi ngaphandle kokwehluleka.
UDengue kanye neZika
I-Dengue kanye ne-Zika nazo ziyizifo ezidluliselwa omiyane, kodwa awukho umuthi wokugomela okwamanje. Siyazi ngakho ngoba i-dengue ikhona naseSri Lanka. Uma uya ezweni lapho izifo ezinjalo zivame khona, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuzivikela omiyaneni .
- Faka izinto zokuxosha omiyane emzimbeni wakho.
- Gqoka izingubo ezinde, ezikhululekile ezimboza umzimba wakho ngangokunokwenzeka, ikakhulukazi ekuseni nakusihlwa.
- Lala ngaphansi kwamanethi omiyane.
- Ingozi yomiyane iyancipha uma uhlala emakamelweni anomoya opholile.
Ungaluthola kanjani ulwazi olunembile kakhulu?
Nakuba kukhona ulwazi ngalokhu kumawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene ku-inthanethi, udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza iseluleko esinembile nesithembekile esifanele wena. Uzokubuza imibuzo efana nalokhu:
- Uya kuliphi izwe?
- Uhlala kuziphi izindawo zezwe? (Emadolobheni, emaphandleni, emahlathini?)
- Uhambo luzothatha isikhathi esingakanani?
- Uneminyaka emingaka?
- Ingabe unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo, noma i-asthma?
- Ukhulelwe?
Ngemva kokucabangela konke lokhu, uzonquma ukuthi yimiphi imijovo kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela ozidingayo.
Nakuba kuhle ukucwaninga ulwazi ku-inthanethi, ungalokothi usekele izinqumo zakho kulolo lwazi kuphela. Okokugcina, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela futhi ulandela iseluleko sakhe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma uhlela uhambo lokuya phesheya, xhumana nodokotela wakho okungenani amasonto angu-4-6 ngaphambi kohambo.
- Qiniseka ukuthi yonke imijovo yakho ejwayelekile (njenge-MMR, i-Tdap, i-Polio) ibuyekeziwe.
- Imithi yokugomela oyidingayo (njengeHepatitis A, iTyphoid, iYellow Fever) incike ezweni oya kulo kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.
- Ayikho imijovo yezifo ezifana nomalaleveva, futhi imithi efanele kumele ithathwe. Ukugwema ukulunywa omiyane kubalulekile ukuze kuvikelwe ezifweni ezifana nodenga kanye neZika.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu nephephile yokuthola ulwazi olunembile mayelana nemijovo kanye nezeluleko zezempilo ozidingayo ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho.
imijovo yokuhamba ngesiSinhala, imijovo yokuhamba kwamanye amazwe, imithi okufanele uyithathe ngaphambi kokuhamba kuleli, umjovo womkhuhlane ophuzi eSri Lanka, ukuvimbela umalaleveva isiSinhala, umjovo we-hepatitis A isiSinhala, umjovo we-typhoid isiSinhala
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