Kua maha ngā rā e pāngia ana koe e te maremare me te kirika? Kei te mamae tō uma i a koe e manawa ana? Tērā pea kei te whakaaro koe he makariri noa iho, he rewharewha rānei, engari tera pea he mea kino ake. Me kōrero tātou mō te niumōnia i tēnei rā. Kāore he take e mataku ai; ina mōhio pai koe, ka taea e koe te tiaki i a koe anō i tēnei mate mā te āwhina a Nirogi Lanka.
He aha te niumōnia?
He mate pāwera te niumōnia ki ō pūkahukahu . Whakaarohia he iti ngā pēke hau (alveoli) kei roto i ō pūkahukahu e honoa ana e ngā ara manawa iti (bronchioles). Ina mumura, ina kī rānei ēnei pēke i te wai, i te pūkahukahu rānei nā te huakita, ka kiia he niumōnia. Nā tēnei ka uaua ki tō tinana te whiwhi i te hāora e hiahiatia ana.
Ahakoa ka pāngia te tangata katoa e te niumōnia, he nui ake te mōrearea mō ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te 2 tau te pakeke me ngā pakeke neke atu i te 50 tau te pakeke . Nā te mea kāore pea ō rātou pūnaha ārai mate e kaha ki te whawhai ki ēnei momo iroriki . Hei tāpiri, he nui ake te mōrearea o te hunga e momi hikareti ana , e inu waipiro ana rānei .
Ka pā te niumōnia ki tētahi, ki ngā pūkahukahu e rua rānei. Mēnā ka pāngia ngā pūkahukahu e rua, ka kiia he `(bilateral pneumonia)`. Tērā pea ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e te niumōnia, ā, kāore rātou e mōhio; ka kiia tēnei ko te `(walking pneumonia)`, arā, he ngawari noa iho ngā tohu, ā, ka taea tonu e koe te mahi i ō mahi o ia rā.
He aha ngā momo matua o te niumōnia?
Ka whakarōpūtia te niumōnia i runga i te pūtake o te mate.
| Momo Pneumonia | Whakamārama Māmā |
|---|---|
| Pūngāwerewere huakita | Koinei te momo tino noa, he maha ngā wā ka puta mai i ngā huakita pēnei i te Streptococcus. I ētahi wā ka puta mai i muri i te pāngia e te makariri, te rewharewha rānei. |
| Pīnioma huaketo | I puta mai i ngā huaketo e whakaoho ana i te makariri, i te rewharewha rānei. Koinei tētahi o ngā tino take o te niumōnia i roto i ngā tamariki kei raro iho i te 5 tau te pakeke. He iti ake te kino o te nuinga o te wā i te niumōnia kitakita engari ka taea tonu te kino. |
| Pūkahukahu harore | Ka taea tēnei te pā mai mā te hongi i ngā harore e kitea ana i roto i te oneone, i ngā paru manu rānei. He nui ake te mōrearea ki te hunga ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate, te mate huka, te mate pukupuku rānei. |
| Te mate pūkahukahu hīkoi | He momo mate ngāwari i puta mai i ngā huakita Mycoplasma. Ka kiia ko te niumōnia "hīkoi" nā te mea he maha ngā wā kāore te tūroro e takoto noa i te moenga, ā, ka taea e ia te neke haere. |
Kei te pāngia koe e ēnei tohu?
Ka rerekē ngā tohu i runga i tō tau, tō hauora, me te pūtake o te mate, ā, ka puta i roto i ngā rā torutoru.
- Maremare: He maha ngā wā ka haere tahi me te hūpē.
- Te kirika, te werawera , me te makariri.
- Te poto o te manawa : Te uaua ki te manawa ahakoa he iti noa te mahi.
- Mamae o te uma: He mamae koi, he mamae wero, ka kino haere i te wā e manawa hōhonu ana, e maremare ana rānei.
- Te ngenge me te ngaro o te hiahia kai .
- Whakapairuaki , ruaki , korere rānei.
- Ngutu kikorangi, matikuku rānei: He tohu tēnei o te iti o te hāora i roto i tō toto.
- Mō te hunga kaumātua: I ētahi wā, kāore pea rātou e pāngia e te kirika, engari he pōhēhē, he iti iho rānei te pāmahana tinana i te tikanga.
- Mō ngā tamariki nohinohi: Kāore pea ngā tohu e mārama, engari ki te kore e tino marino te tamaiti, e ngenge ana, e kore e kai, e ruaki, e uaua rānei ki te manawa, rapua tonutia he awhina hauora.
He mea nui: Mena kei te pāngia koe e te uauatanga nui ki te manawa, te maremare tonu, te mamae nui o te uma, te kirika rānei neke atu i te 102°F (38.9°C), tēnā toro atu ki te tari whawhati tata, whakapā atu rānei ki ngā ratonga whawhati tata (911) tonu atu.
He aha te take o te niumōnia, ā, he mate hopuhopu rānei?
I te nuinga o te wā, ka whawhai tō pūnaha ārai mate ki ngā iroriki e uru ana ki roto i tō tinana. Heoi, ki te kaha rawa ngā iroriki, ka taea e rātou te whakararu i tō pūnaha ārai mate me te pangia ō pukahukahu.
Ko ngā tino take ko ngā huaketo me ngā huakita.
He mate hopuhopu?
Ae, ka taea e te niumōnia kitakita me te huaketo te horapa. Ka taea e ngā iroriki te horapa mā roto i ngā pata manawa ina kōrero, e maremare, e tihe rānei te tangata pangia. Ka taea hoki e koe te pangia mā te pā atu ki ngā mata kua poke, kātahi ka pā atu ki tō ihu, ki tō waha rānei.
Ka taea e te rewharewha, te COVID rānei te arahi ki te niumōnia?
Āe. Ka pā tika pea te huaketo rewharewha me te huaketo SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) ki ō pukahukahu, ā, ka arahi atu ki te niumōnia. Ka taea hoki e ēnei huaketo te whakaiti i tō pūnaha ārai mate, ka māmā ake ai te horapa o ngā mate kitakita tuarua.
Ko wai kei te mōrearea nui ake?
Ahakoa ka taea e te katoa te pāngia e tēnei mate, he ngoikore ake ētahi rōpū:
- Te hunga he mate pūkahukahu pēnei i te mate huango, te COPD rānei.
- Te hunga e pāngia ana e ngā mate pūmau pēnei i te mate ngakau, te mate huka rānei.
- Te hunga kua ngoikore te pūnaha ārai mate nā te chemotherapy, te AIDS, me ētahi atu mate rānei.
- Te hunga e noho ana i ngā hōhipera, i ngā whare tiaki mō te wā roa rānei.
- Te hunga e uaua ana ki te horomi.
- Te hunga e momi hikareti ana, e pāngia ana rānei e te auahi tuarua.
- Te hunga e whakamahi kino ana i te waipiro, i te tarukino rānei.
Me pēhea te tātaritanga me te rongoā a te tākuta i tēnei?
Ina toro atu koe ki tō tākuta, ka pātai atu rātou mō ō tohu, ō tikanga momi hikareti, me te mea kei te pāngia tetahi i te kāinga, i tō wāhi mahi rānei. Kātahi ka whakarongo te tākuta ki ō pukahukahu mā te whakamahi i te stethoscope. Mena he niumōnia tōu, tera pea ka rongo rātou i ngā oro "pakū" motuhake i a koe e manawa ana.
Hei whakaū i te mate, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā whakamātautau e whai ake nei:
- X-ray o te uma:Hei kite i te wāhi me te whānuitanga o te mate i roto i ō pukahukahu.
- Ngā whakamātautau toto: Hei tautuhi mēnā he huakita te take o te mate.
- Pūwero Pūwero: He topenga iti e piri ana ki tō maihao hei ine i ngā taumata hāora i roto i tō toto.
- Whakamātautau huware: He tātaritanga taiwhanga o tō huware hei tautuhi i te iroriki tuturu e puta ai te mate.
Ko tāu mahere maimoatanga ka whakawhirinaki ki te pūtake o te niumōnia, te kaha o te mate, me tō hauora whānui.
- Mō te niumōnia kitakita: Ka tohua e tō tākuta he rongoā paturopi. He mea nui kia oti katoa te rongoā, ahakoa ka tere ake te pai ake.
- Mō te niumōnia huaketo: Kāore e whai hua ngā paturopi. Ka arotahi ki te okioki, te whakanui ake i te inu wai, me te tango rongoā hei whakahaere i te kirika.
- Mō te niumōnia harore: Ka tohua he rongoā ārai harore.
Mena he kino rawa ō tohu, he mate hauora rānei kei roto i a koe, me whakauru pea koe ki te hōhipera. I a koe i reira, ka whiwhi pea koe i ngā wai ā-uaua (IV) me ngā paturopi, te rongoā hāora, ngā tikanga rānei hei tango i te wai e pupū ake ana i roto i ngā pukahukahu.
Ngā tohutohu tiaki kāinga mō te whakaoranga maeneene
I a koe e whakaora ana i te kāinga, kia maumahara ki ēnei aratohu ngāwari:
- Whakanuia te okiokinga. Āta karohia ngā mahi uaua, me te tango wā mai i te mahi kia ora ai tō tinana.
- Kia mau te wai. Mā te inu wai, te tī mahana, te hupa rānei ka angiangi te hūpē, ā, ka māmā ake te tango i ō pukahukahu.
- Me kōrero ki tō tākuta i mua i te tango i te rongoā maremare. Ko te maremare te huarahi maori a tō tinana ki te tango i ngā paru mai i ngā pukahukahu, nō reira kāore i te whai hua i ngā wā katoa te pehi i a ia.
- Kaua rawa e kai paipa. Me matara atu hoki i te auahi tuarua.
- Ki te pāngia koe e te kirika, mā te whakamahi i tētahi tauera matao, haukū ki tō rae ka taea te whakaora.
Me pēhea te noho haumaru mai i te niumōnia
Ko te ārai te huarahi pai rawa atu. Whaia ēnei tikanga hauora:
- Horoia ō ringaringa ki te hopi me te wai i ngā wā katoa.
- Kia tawhiti atu i te hunga e mate ana. Ki te mate koe, noho ki te kāinga hei tiaki i ētahi atu.
- Taupokina tō waha me tō ihu ki te tauera, ki tō tuke rānei i te wā e maremare ana, e tihe ana rānei.
- Kaua e kai hikareti.
- Mena kei a koe ngā mate pūmau pēnei i te mate huka, te mate ngakau rānei, whakahaerehia kia tika i raro i te tohutohu a tō tākuta.
- Werohia: Kei te wātea ngā kano ārai mate hei tiaki i ētahi momo niumōnia me te rewharewha. Kōrero ki tō kaiwhakarato hauora o Nirogi Lanka mō ēnei mea, inā koa mēnā kei roto koe i te kāwai mōrearea nui (ngā tamariki nohinohi, ngā kaumātua, te hunga rānei he raruraru hauora kei raro).
- Kia kaha tō pūnaha ārai mate mā te kai hauora, te moe nui, me te whakakori tinana i ia wā.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He mate pūkahukahu kino te niumōnia. Kaua rawa e warewarehia ngā tohu pēnei i te maremare tonu, te kirika, te mamae rānei o te uma.
- Ka pā mai pea i te huakita, te huaketo, te harore rānei. Ka taea e ngā momo huakita me te huaketo te horapa.
- Ki te pāngia koe e te uaua ki te manawa, te kirika nui, te mamae nui rānei o te uma, rapua tonutia he awhina hauora. Haere ki te tari urupare tata ki a koe mēnā e tika ana.
- Mena kua tohua he rongoā paturopi, me whakaoti e koe te akoranga katoa.
- Ko te akuaku pai, te karo i te momi hikareti, me te whai i ngā kano ārai mate hou, koinei ngā parepare pai rawa atu mōu ki te niumōnia.
Pīnomia, mate pūkahukahu, maremare, kirika, mamae uma, mate manawa
